SQL 语句技巧--聚合函数的灵活使用
在CSDN看到一篇贴子,是讨论一个SQL语句的写法:要求如下
表:tblDept(ID,DeptName)
表:tblSalary(ID,DeptID,Name,Salary)
create table tblDept(ID int,DeptName nvarchar(20))
create table tblSalary(ID int,DeptID int,Name nvarchar(20),Salary decimal(10,2))
请用SQL语句写出:
超过半数的部门员工工资大于3000元的部门
表:tblSalary(ID,DeptID,Name,Salary)
create table tblDept(ID int,DeptName nvarchar(20))
create table tblSalary(ID int,DeptID int,Name nvarchar(20),Salary decimal(10,2))
请用SQL语句写出:
超过半数的部门员工工资大于3000元的部门
插入测试数据:
insert into tblDept
select 1,'DotNet' union all select 2,'Java'
insert into tblSalary
select 1,1,'张三',2000 union all
select 2,1,'李四',2800 union all
select 3,2,'王五',2900 union all
select 4,2,'找刘',3200 union all
select 5,2,'王启',3400
select 1,'DotNet' union all select 2,'Java'
insert into tblSalary
select 1,1,'张三',2000 union all
select 2,1,'李四',2800 union all
select 3,2,'王五',2900 union all
select 4,2,'找刘',3200 union all
select 5,2,'王启',3400
我的写法是如下:
select * from tblDept
where id in(select DeptID from tblSalary group by DeptID having
count(case when Salary>3000 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)>0.5)
where id in(select DeptID from tblSalary group by DeptID having
count(case when Salary>3000 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)>0.5)
后来发现这里有点不对:
1,后面相除数据不能为小数。
2,count函数理解错误。
修改最后的结果是:
select * from tblDept
where id in(select DeptID from tblSalary group by DeptID having
sum(case when Salary>3000 then 1 else 0 end)*1.0/count(*)>0.5)
where id in(select DeptID from tblSalary group by DeptID having
sum(case when Salary>3000 then 1 else 0 end)*1.0/count(*)>0.5)
原因:
这里有两点概念没有弄清楚:count,整数相除
1,COUNT : 和表达式的值无关
COUNT(*) 计算数量,包括 NULL 值。
COUNT(ALL expression) 计算数量,不包括 NULL 值 。
COUNT(DISTINCT expression) 计算唯一值数量,不包括 NULL 值
COUNT(ALL expression) 计算数量,不包括 NULL 值 。
COUNT(DISTINCT expression) 计算唯一值数量,不包括 NULL 值
测试数据:
select count(t)
from (
select null t union select 1 t union select 6 t
) t
from (
select null t union select 1 t union select 6 t
) t
2,整数相除,转换为数据必须*1.0转化
总结
这样这个语句有两个写法:
select * from tblDept
where id in(select DeptID from tblSalary group by DeptID having
count(case when Salary>3000 then 1 else null end)*1.0/count(*)>0.5)
where id in(select DeptID from tblSalary group by DeptID having
count(case when Salary>3000 then 1 else null end)*1.0/count(*)>0.5)
或:
select * from tblDept
where id in(select DeptID from tblSalary group by DeptID having
sum(case when Salary>3000 then 1 else 0 end)*1.0/count(*)>0.5)
where id in(select DeptID from tblSalary group by DeptID having
sum(case when Salary>3000 then 1 else 0 end)*1.0/count(*)>0.5)