C#中HttpWebRequest的用法详解
C#中HttpWebRequest的用法详解
HttpWebRequest和HttpWebResponse类是用于发送和接收HTTP数据的最好选择。它们支持一系列有用的属性。这两个类位 于System.Net命名空间，默认情况下这个类对于控制台程序来说是可访问的。请注意，HttpWebRequest对象不是利用new关键字通过构 造函数来创建的，而是利用工厂机制（factory mechanism）通过Create()方法来创建的。另外，你可能预计需要显式地调用一个“Send”方法，实际上不需要。接下来调用 HttpWebRequest.GetResponse()方法返回的是一个HttpWebResponse对象。你可以把HTTP响应的数据流 （stream）绑定到一个StreamReader对象，然后就可以通过ReadToEnd()方法把整个HTTP响应作为一个字符串取回。也可以通过 StreamReader.ReadLine()方法逐行取回HTTP响应的内容。
这种技术展示了如何限制请求重定向（request redirections）的次数， 并且设置了一个超时限制。下面是HttpWebRequest的一些属性，这些属性对于轻量级的自动化测试程序是非常重要的。
l AllowAutoRedirect：获取或设置一个值，该值指示请求是否应跟随重定向响应。
l CookieContainer：获取或设置与此请求关联的cookie。
l Credentials：获取或设置请求的身份验证信息。
l KeepAlive：获取或设置一个值，该值指示是否与 Internet 资源建立持久性连接。
l MaximumAutomaticRedirections：获取或设置请求将跟随的重定向的最大数目。
l Proxy：获取或设置请求的代理信息。
l SendChunked：获取或设置一个值，该值指示是否将数据分段发送到 Internet 资源。
l Timeout：获取或设置请求的超时值。
l UserAgent：获取或设置 User-agent HTTP 标头的值
C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式其实就是GET和POST两种，那么具体的实现以及操作注意事项是什么呢？那么本文就向你详细介绍C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式的这两种利器。
C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式学习之前我们先来看看什么是HttpWebRequest，它是 .net 基类库中的一个类，在命名空间 System.Net 下面，用来使用户通过HTTP协议和服务器交互。
C# HttpWebRequest的作用：
HttpWebRequest对HTTP协议进行了完整的封装，对HTTP协议中的 Header, Content, Cookie 都做了属性和方法的支持，很容易就能编写出一个模拟浏览器自动登录的程序。
C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式：
程序使用HTTP协议和服务器交互主要是进行数据的提交，通常数据的提交是通过 GET 和 POST 两种方式来完成，下面对这两种方式进行一下说明：
C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式1. GET 方式。
GET 方式通过在网络地址附加参数来完成数据的提交，比如在地址 http://www.google.com/webhp?hl=zh-CN 中，前面部分 http://www.google.com/webhp 表示数据提交的网址，后面部分 hl=zh-CN 表示附加的参数，其中 hl 表示一个键(key)， zh-CN 表示这个键对应的值(value)。程序代码如下：
HttpWebRequest req =
(HttpWebRequest) HttpWebRequest.Create(
"http://www.google.com/webhp?hl=zh-CN" );
req.Method = "GET";
using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse())
{
//在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理
}
C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式2. POST 方式。
POST 方式通过在页面内容中填写参数的方法来完成数据的提交，参数的格式和 GET 方式一样，是类似于 hl=zh-CN&newwindow=1 这样的结构。程序代码如下：
string param = "hl=zh-CN&newwindow=1"; //参数
byte[] bs = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(param); //参数转化为ascii码
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest) HttpWebRequest.Create( "http://www.google.com/intl/zh-CN/" ); //创建request
req.Method = "POST"; //确定传值的方式，此处为post方式传值
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
req.ContentLength = bs.Length;
using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream())
{
reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length);
}
using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse())
{
//在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理
}
在上面的代码中，我们访问了 www.google.com 的网址，分别以 GET 和 POST 方式提交了数据，并接收了返回的页面内容。然而，如果提交的参数中含有中文，那么这样的处理是不够的，需要对其进行编码，让对方网站能够识别。
C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式3. 使用 GET 方式提交中文数据。
GET 方式通过在网络地址中附加参数来完成数据提交，对于中文的编码，常用的有 gb2312 和 utf8 两种，用 gb2312 方式编码访问的程序代码如下：
Encoding myEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"); //确定用哪种中文编码方式
string address = "http://www.baidu.com/s?" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("参数一", myEncoding) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("值一", myEncoding); //拼接数据提交的网址和经过中文编码后的中文参数
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(address); //创建request
req.Method = "GET"; //确定传值方式，此处为get方式
using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse())
{
//在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理
}
在上面的程序代码中，我们以 GET 方式访问了网址 http://www.baidu.com/s ，传递了参数“参数一=值一”，由于无法告知对方提交数据的编码类型，所以编码方式要以对方的网站为标准。常见的网站中， www.baidu.com （百度）的编码方式是 gb2312, www.google.com （谷歌）的编码方式是 utf8。
C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式4. 使用 POST 方式提交中文数据。
POST 方式通过在页面内容中填写参数的方法来完成数据的提交，由于提交的参数中可以说明使用的编码方式，所以理论上能获得更大的兼容性。用 gb2312 方式编码访问的程序代码如下：
Encoding myEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"); //确定中文编码方式。此处用gb2312
string param = HttpUtility.UrlEncode("参数一", myEncoding) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("值一", myEncoding) + "&" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("参数二", myEncoding) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("值二", myEncoding);
byte[] postBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(param); //将参数转化为assic码
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest) HttpWebRequest.Create( "http://www.baidu.com/s" );
req.Method = "POST";
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=gb2312";
req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length;
using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream())
{
reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length);
}
using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse())
{
//在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理
}
从上面的代码可以看出， POST 中文数据的时候，先使用 UrlEncode 方法将中文字符转换为编码后的 ASCII 码，然后提交到服务器，提交的时候可以说明编码的方式，用来使对方服务器能够正确的解析。
以上列出了客户端程序使用HTTP协议与服务器交互的情况，常用的是 GET 和 POST 方式。现在流行的 WebService 也是通过 HTTP 协议来交互的，使用的是 POST 方法。与以上稍有所不同的是， WebService 提交的数据内容和接收到的数据内容都是使用了 XML 方式编码。所以， HttpWebRequest 也可以使用在调用 WebService 的情况下。
C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式的基本内容就向你介绍到这里，希望对你了解和学习C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式有所帮助。
#region 公共方法
/// <summary>
/// Get数据接口
/// </summary>
/// <param name="getUrl">接口地址</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static string GetWebRequest(string getUrl)
{
string responseContent = "";
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(getUrl);
request.ContentType = "application/json";
request.Method = "GET";
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
//在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理
using (Stream resStream = response.GetResponseStream())
{
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(resStream, Encoding.UTF8))
{
responseContent = reader.ReadToEnd().ToString();
}
}
return responseContent;
}
/// <summary>
/// Post数据接口
/// </summary>
/// <param name="postUrl">接口地址</param>
/// <param name="paramData">提交json数据</param>
/// <param name="dataEncode">编码方式(Encoding.UTF8)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static string PostWebRequest(string postUrl, string paramData, Encoding dataEncode)
{
string responseContent = string.Empty;
try
{
byte[] byteArray = dataEncode.GetBytes(paramData); //转化
HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri(postUrl));
webReq.Method = "POST";
webReq.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
webReq.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
using (Stream reqStream = webReq.GetRequestStream())
{
reqStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);//写入参数
//reqStream.Close();
}
using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse())
{
//在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理
using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default))
{
responseContent = sr.ReadToEnd().ToString();
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return ex.Message;
}
return responseContent;
}
#endregion
post支持cookie
/// <summary>
/// 发起Post请求（采用HttpWebRequest，支持传Cookie）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strUrl">请求Url</param>
/// <param name="formData">发送的表单数据</param>
/// <param name="strResult">返回请求结果（如果请求失败，返回异常消息）</param>
/// <param name="cookieContainer">随同HTTP请求发送的Cookie信息，如果不需要身份验证可以为空</param>
/// <returns>返回：是否请求成功</returns>
public static bool HttpPost(string strUrl, Dictionary<string, string> formData, CookieContainer cookieContainer, out string strResult)
{
string strPostData = null;
if (formData != null && formData.Count > 0)
{
StringBuilder sbData = new StringBuilder();
int i = 0;
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> data in formData)
{
if (i > 0)
{
sbData.Append("&");
}
sbData.AppendFormat("{0}={1}", data.Key, data.Value);
i++;
}
strPostData = sbData.ToString();
}
byte[] postBytes = string.IsNullOrEmpty(strPostData) ? new byte[0] : Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strPostData);
return HttpPost(strUrl, postBytes, cookieContainer, out strResult);
}
post上传文件
/// <summary>
/// 发起Post文件请求（采用HttpWebRequest，支持传Cookie）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strUrl">请求Url</param>
/// <param name="strFilePostName">上传文件的PostName</param>
/// <param name="strFilePath">上传文件路径</param>
/// <param name="cookieContainer">随同HTTP请求发送的Cookie信息，如果不需要身份验证可以为空</param>
/// <param name="strResult">返回请求结果（如果请求失败，返回异常消息）</param>
/// <returns>返回：是否请求成功</returns>
public static bool HttpPostFile(string strUrl, string strFilePostName, string strFilePath, CookieContainer cookieContainer, out string strResult)
{
HttpWebRequest request = null;
FileStream fileStream = FileHelper.GetFileStream(strFilePath);
try
{
if (fileStream == null)
{
throw new FileNotFoundException();
}
request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(strUrl);
request.Method = "POST";
request.KeepAlive = false;
request.Timeout = 30000;
if (cookieContainer != null)
{
request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
}
string boundary = string.Format("---------------------------{0}", DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x"));
byte[] header = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("--{0}\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{1}\"; filename=\"{2}\"\r\nContent-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n",
boundary, strFilePostName, Path.GetFileName(strFilePath)));
byte[] footer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("\r\n--{0}--\r\n", boundary));
request.ContentType = string.Format("multipart/form-data; boundary={0}", boundary);
request.ContentLength = header.Length + fileStream.Length + footer.Length;
using (Stream reqStream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
// 写入分割线及数据信息
reqStream.Write(header, 0, header.Length);
// 写入文件
FileHelper.WriteFile(reqStream, fileStream);
// 写入尾部
reqStream.Write(footer, 0, footer.Length);
}
strResult = GetResponseResult(request, cookieContainer);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
strResult = ex.Message;
return false;
}
finally
{
if (request != null)
{
request.Abort();
}
if (fileStream != null)
{
fileStream.Close();
}
}
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取请求结果字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request">请求对象（发起请求之后）</param>
/// <param name="cookieContainer">随同HTTP请求发送的Cookie信息，如果不需要身份验证可以为空</param>
/// <returns>返回请求结果字符串</returns>
private static string GetResponseResult(HttpWebRequest request, CookieContainer cookieContainer = null)
{
using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
{
if (cookieContainer != null)
{
response.Cookies = cookieContainer.GetCookies(response.ResponseUri);
}
using (Stream rspStream = response.GetResponseStream())
{
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(rspStream, Encoding.UTF8))
{
return reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
}
OAuth头部
//构造OAuth头部
StringBuilder oauthHeader = new StringBuilder();
oauthHeader.AppendFormat("OAuth realm=\"\", oauth_consumer_key={0}, ", apiKey);
oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_nonce={0}, ", nonce);
oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_timestamp={0}, ", timeStamp);
oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_signature_method={0}, ", "HMAC-SHA1");
oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_version={0}, ", "1.0");
oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_signature={0}, ", sig);
oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_token={0}", accessToken);
//构造请求
StringBuilder requestBody = new StringBuilder("");
Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8");
byte[] data = encoding.GetBytes(requestBody.ToString());
// Http Request的设置
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri);
request.Headers.Set("Authorization", oauthHeader.ToString());
//request.Headers.Add("Authorization", authorization);
request.ContentType = "application/atom+xml";
request.Method = "GET";
C#通过WebClient/HttpWebRequest实现http的post/get方法
1.POST方法(httpWebRequest)
//body是要传递的参数,格式"roleId=1&uid=2"
//post的cotentType填写:"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
//soap填写:"text/xml; charset=utf-8"
public static string PostHttp(string url, string body, string contentType)
{
HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
httpWebRequest.ContentType = contentType;
httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
httpWebRequest.Timeout = 20000;
byte[] btBodys = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
httpWebRequest.ContentLength = btBodys.Length;
httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(btBodys, 0, btBodys.Length);
HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream());
string responseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
httpWebResponse.Close();
streamReader.Close();
httpWebRequest.Abort();
httpWebResponse.Close();
return responseContent;
}
POST方法(httpWebRequest)
2.POST方法(WebClient)
/// <summary>
/// 通过WebClient类Post数据到远程地址，需要Basic认证；
/// 调用端自己处理异常
/// </summary>
/// <param name="uri"></param>
/// <param name="paramStr">name=张三&age=20</param>
/// <param name="encoding">请先确认目标网页的编码方式</param>
/// <param name="username"></param>
/// <param name="password"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Request_WebClient(string uri, string paramStr, Encoding encoding, string username, string password)
{
if (encoding == null)
encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
string result = string.Empty;
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
// 采取POST方式必须加的Header
wc.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
byte[] postData = encoding.GetBytes(paramStr);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(username) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
{
wc.Credentials = GetCredentialCache(uri, username, password);
wc.Headers.Add("Authorization", GetAuthorization(username, password));
}
byte[] responseData = wc.UploadData(uri, "POST", postData); // 得到返回字符流
return encoding.GetString(responseData);// 解码
}
POST方法(WebClient)
3.Get方法(httpWebRequest)
public static string GetHttp(string url, HttpContext httpContext)
{
string queryString = "?";
foreach (string key in httpContext.Request.QueryString.AllKeys)
{
queryString += key + "=" + httpContext.Request.QueryString[key] + "&";
}
queryString = queryString.Substring(0, queryString.Length - 1);
HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url + queryString);
httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/json";
httpWebRequest.Method = "GET";
httpWebRequest.Timeout = 20000;
//byte[] btBodys = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
//httpWebRequest.ContentLength = btBodys.Length;
//httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(btBodys, 0, btBodys.Length);
HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream());
string responseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
httpWebResponse.Close();
streamReader.Close();
return responseContent;
}
Get方法(HttpWebRequest)
4.basic验证的WebRequest/WebResponse
/// <summary>
/// 通过 WebRequest/WebResponse 类访问远程地址并返回结果，需要Basic认证；
/// 调用端自己处理异常
/// </summary>
/// <param name="uri"></param>
/// <param name="timeout">访问超时时间，单位毫秒；如果不设置超时时间，传入0</param>
/// <param name="encoding">如果不知道具体的编码，传入null</param>
/// <param name="username"></param>
/// <param name="password"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Request_WebRequest(string uri, int timeout, Encoding encoding, string username, string password)
{
string result = string.Empty;
WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(new Uri(uri));
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(username) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
{
request.Credentials = GetCredentialCache(uri, username, password);
request.Headers.Add("Authorization", GetAuthorization(username, password));
}
if (timeout > 0)
request.Timeout = timeout;
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = encoding == null ? new StreamReader(stream) : new StreamReader(stream, encoding);
result = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
stream.Close();
return result;
}
#region # 生成 Http Basic 访问凭证 #
private static CredentialCache GetCredentialCache(string uri, string username, string password)
{
string authorization = string.Format("{0}:{1}", username, password);
CredentialCache credCache = new CredentialCache();
credCache.Add(new Uri(uri), "Basic", new NetworkCredential(username, password));
return credCache;
}
private static string GetAuthorization(string username, string password)
{
string authorization = string.Format("{0}:{1}", username, password);
return "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(authorization));
}
#endregion
basic验证的WebRequest/WebResponse
C#语言写的关于HttpWebRequest 类的使用方法
http://www.jb51.net/article/57156.htm
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
namespace HttpWeb
{
/// <summary>
/// Http操作类
/// </summary>
public static class httptest
{
/// <summary>
/// 获取网址HTML
/// </summary>
/// <param name="URL">网址 </param>
/// <returns> </returns>
public static string GetHtml(string URL)
{
WebRequest wrt;
wrt = WebRequest.Create(URL);
wrt.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
WebResponse wrp;
wrp = wrt.GetResponse();
string reader = new StreamReader(wrp.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")).ReadToEnd();
try
{
wrt.GetResponse().Close();
}
catch (WebException ex)
{
throw ex;
}
return reader;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取网站cookie
/// </summary>
/// <param name="URL">网址 </param>
/// <param name="cookie">cookie </param>
/// <returns> </returns>
public static string GetHtml(string URL, out string cookie)
{
WebRequest wrt;
wrt = WebRequest.Create(URL);
wrt.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
WebResponse wrp;
wrp = wrt.GetResponse();
string html = new StreamReader(wrp.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")).ReadToEnd();
try
{
wrt.GetResponse().Close();
}
catch (WebException ex)
{
throw ex;
}
cookie = wrp.Headers.Get("Set-Cookie");
return html;
}
public static string GetHtml(string URL, string postData, string cookie, out string header, string server)
{
return GetHtml(server, URL, postData, cookie, out header);
}
public static string GetHtml(string server, string URL, string postData, string cookie, out string header)
{
byte[] byteRequest = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetBytes(postData);
return GetHtml(server, URL, byteRequest, cookie, out header);
}
public static string GetHtml(string server, string URL, byte[] byteRequest, string cookie, out string header)
{
byte[] bytes = GetHtmlByBytes(server, URL, byteRequest, cookie, out header);
Stream getStream = new MemoryStream(bytes);
StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(getStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
string getString = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
streamReader.Close();
getStream.Close();
return getString;
}
/// <summary>
/// Post模式浏览
/// </summary>
/// <param name="server">服务器地址 </param>
/// <param name="URL">网址 </param>
/// <param name="byteRequest">流 </param>
/// <param name="cookie">cookie </param>
/// <param name="header">句柄 </param>
/// <returns> </returns>
public static byte[] GetHtmlByBytes(string server, string URL, byte[] byteRequest, string cookie, out string header)
{
long contentLength;
HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest;
HttpWebResponse webResponse;
Stream getStream;
httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);
CookieContainer co = new CookieContainer();
co.SetCookies(new Uri(server), cookie);
httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = co;
httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
httpWebRequest.Accept =
"image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*";
httpWebRequest.Referer = server;
httpWebRequest.UserAgent =
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)";
httpWebRequest.Method = "Post";
httpWebRequest.ContentLength = byteRequest.Length;
Stream stream;
stream = httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream();
stream.Write(byteRequest, 0, byteRequest.Length);
stream.Close();
webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
header = webResponse.Headers.ToString();
getStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
contentLength = webResponse.ContentLength;
byte[] outBytes = new byte[contentLength];
outBytes = ReadFully(getStream);
getStream.Close();
return outBytes;
}
public static byte[] ReadFully(Stream stream)
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
while (true)
{
int read = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
if (read <= 0)
return ms.ToArray();
ms.Write(buffer, 0, read);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Get模式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="URL">网址 </param>
/// <param name="cookie">cookies </param>
/// <param name="header">句柄 </param>
/// <param name="server">服务器 </param>
/// <param name="val">服务器 </param>
/// <returns> </returns>
public static string GetHtml(string URL, string cookie, out string header, string server)
{
return GetHtml(URL, cookie, out header, server, "");
}
/// <summary>
/// Get模式浏览
/// </summary>
/// <param name="URL">Get网址 </param>
/// <param name="cookie">cookie </param>
/// <param name="header">句柄 </param>
/// <param name="server">服务器地址 </param>
/// <param name="val"> </param>
/// <returns> </returns>
public static string GetHtml(string URL, string cookie, out string header, string server, string val)
{
HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest;
HttpWebResponse webResponse;
Stream getStream;
StreamReader streamReader;
string getString = "";
httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);
httpWebRequest.Accept = "*/*";
httpWebRequest.Referer = server;
CookieContainer co = new CookieContainer();
co.SetCookies(new Uri(server), cookie);
httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = co;
httpWebRequest.UserAgent =
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)";
httpWebRequest.Method = "GET";
webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
header = webResponse.Headers.ToString();
getStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
streamReader = new StreamReader(getStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
getString = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
streamReader.Close();
getStream.Close();
return getString;
}
}
}
有空查看：
/// <summary>
/// 作用描述： WebRequest操作类
/// </summary>
public static class CallWebRequest
{
/// <summary>
/// 通过GET请求获取数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Get(string url)
{
HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
//每次请求绕过代理，解决第一次调用慢的问题
request.Proxy = null;
//多线程并发调用时默认2个http连接数限制的问题，讲其设为1000
ServicePoint currentServicePoint = request.ServicePoint;
currentServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = 1000;
HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
string str;
using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
{
Encoding encode = Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8");
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, encode);
str = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
response.Close();
response = null;
request.Abort();
request = null;
return str;
}
/// <summary>
/// 通过POST请求传递数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"></param>
/// <param name="postData"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Post(string url, string postData)
{
HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
//将发送数据转换为二进制格式
byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData);
//要POST的数据大于1024字节的时候, 浏览器并不会直接就发起POST请求, 而是会分为俩步：
//1. 发送一个请求, 包含一个Expect:100-continue, 询问Server使用愿意接受数据
//2. 接收到Server返回的100-continue应答以后, 才把数据POST给Server
//直接关闭第一步验证
request.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;
//是否使用Nagle：不使用，提高效率
request.ServicePoint.UseNagleAlgorithm = false;
//设置最大连接数
request.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = 65500;
//指定压缩方法
//request.Headers.Add(HttpRequestHeader.AcceptEncoding, "gzip,deflate");
request.KeepAlive = false;
//request.ContentType = "application/json";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Method = "POST";
request.Timeout = 20000;
request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
//关闭缓存
request.AllowWriteStreamBuffering = false;
//每次请求绕过代理，解决第一次调用慢的问题
request.Proxy = null;
//多线程并发调用时默认2个http连接数限制的问题，讲其设为1000
ServicePoint currentServicePoint = request.ServicePoint;
Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
dataStream.Close();
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
//获取服务器返回的数据流
dataStream = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream);
string responseFromServer = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
dataStream.Close();
request.Abort();
response.Close();
reader.Dispose();
dataStream.Dispose();
return responseFromServer;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 用于外部接口调用封装
/// </summary>
public static class ApiInterface
{
/// <summary>
///验证密码是否正确
/// </summary>
public static Api_ToConfig<object> checkPwd(int userId, string old)
{
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/checkPwd";
var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url + "?id=" + userId, "&oldPwd=" + old));
//var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "{\"id\":" + userId + ",oldPwd:\"" + old + "\",newPwd:\"" + pwd + "\"}"));
return data;
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public static Api_ToConfig<object> UpdatePassword(int userId, string pwd, string old)
{
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/updatePwd";
var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url + "?id=" + userId + "&oldPwd=" + old, "&newPwd=" + pwd));
//var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "{\"id\":" + userId + ",oldPwd:\"" + old + "\",newPwd:\"" + pwd + "\"}"));
return data;
}
private static DateTime GetTime(string timeStamp)
{
DateTime dtStart = TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.ToLocalTime(new DateTime(1970, 1, 1));
long lTime = long.Parse(timeStamp + "0000");
TimeSpan toNow = new TimeSpan(lTime); return dtStart.Add(toNow);
}
#region 公共方法
/// <summary>
/// 配置文件key
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="isOutKey"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetConfig(string key, bool isOutKey = false)
{
// CacheRedis.Cache.RemoveObject(RedisKey.ConfigList);
var data = CacheRedis.Cache.Get<Api_BaseToConfig<Api_Config>>(RedisKey.ConfigList);
// var data = new Api_BaseToConfig<Api_Config>();
if (data == null)
{
string dataCenterUrl = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl");
string configurationInfoListByFilter = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("ConfigurationInfoListByFilter");
string systemCoding = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("SystemCoding");
string nodeIdentifier = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("NodeIdentifier");
string para = "systemIdf=" + systemCoding + "&nodeIdf=" + nodeIdentifier + "";
//string para = "{\"systemIdf\":\"" + systemCoding + "\",\"nodeIdf\":\"" + nodeIdentifier + "\"}";
string result = CallWebRequest.Post(dataCenterUrl + "/rest" + configurationInfoListByFilter, para);
data =
Json.ToObject<Api_BaseToConfig<Api_Config>>(result);
CacheRedis.Cache.Set(RedisKey.ConfigList, data);
}
if (data.Status)
{
if (isOutKey && ConfigServer.IsOutside())
{
key += "_outside";
}
key = key.ToLower();
var firstOrDefault = data.Data.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Identifier.ToLower() == key);
if (firstOrDefault != null)
{
return firstOrDefault.Value;
}
else
{
if (key.IndexOf("_outside") > -1)
{
firstOrDefault = data.Data.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Identifier == key.Substring(0, key.LastIndexOf("_outside")));
if (firstOrDefault != null)
return firstOrDefault.Value;
}
}
}
return "";
}
public static string WebPostRequest(string url, string postData)
{
return CallWebRequest.Post(url, postData);
}
public static string WebGetRequest(string url)
{
return CallWebRequest.Get(url);
}
#endregion
#region 参数转换方法
private static string ConvertClassIds(string classIds)
{
var list = classIds.Split(',');
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("{\"class_id_list\": [");
foreach (var s in list)
{
sb.Append("{\"classId\": \"" + s + "\"},");
}
if (list.Any())
sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
sb.Append("]}");
return sb.ToString();
}
private static string ConvertLabIds(string labIds)
{
var list = labIds.Split(',');
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("{\"lab_id_list\": [");
foreach (var s in list)
{
sb.Append("{\"labId\": \"" + s + "\"},");
}
if (list.Any())
sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
sb.Append("]}");
return sb.ToString();
}
private static string ConvertCardNos(string cardNos)
{
var list = cardNos.Split(',');
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("{\"student_cardNos_list\": [");
foreach (var s in list)
{
sb.Append("{\"stuCardNo\": \"" + s + "\"},");
}
if (list.Any())
sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
sb.Append("]}");
return sb.ToString();
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 设置公文已读
/// </summary>
/// <param name="beginTime"></param>
/// <param name="endTime"></param>
/// <param name="userId"></param>
/// <param name="currentPage"></param>
/// <param name="pageSize"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Api_ToConfig<object> FlowService(string id)
{
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("FlowService");
var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url + "?Copyid=" + id, ""));
return data;
}
/// <summary>
///获取OA工作流数据
/// </summary>
public static string getOAWorkFlowData(string userName, string userId)
{
var url = GetConfig("platform.application.oa.url") + WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("OAWorkFlowData");
var data = CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&account=" + userName + "&userId=" + userId);
return data;
}
public static List<Api_Course> GetDreamClassCourse(string userId)
{
List<Api_Course> list = new List<Api_Course>();
list = CacheRedis.Cache.Get<List<Api_Course>>(RedisKey.DreamCourse + userId);
if (list != null && list.Count > 0)
return list;
var url = GetConfig("platform.system.dreamclass.url", true) + "rest/getTeacherCourseInfo";
var result = Json.ToObject<ApiResult<Api_Course>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userId=" + userId));
if (result.state)
list = result.data;
CacheRedis.Cache.Set(RedisKey.DreamCourse + userId, list, 30);//缓存30分钟失效
return list;
}
/// <summary>
/// 用户信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="userId"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Api_User GetUserInfoByUserName(string userName)
{
var model = new Api_User();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/getUserInfoByUserName";
var result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_User>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName));
if (result.status == true && result.data != null)
model = result.data;
return model;
}
public static Api_User GetUserInfoByUserId(string userId)
{
var model = new Api_User();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/getUserInfoByUserId";
var result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_User>>(CallWebRequest.Get(url + "?userId=" + userId));
if (result.status == true && result.data != null)
model = result.data;
return model;
}
public static Api_User GetUserByUserId(string userId)
{
var model = new Api_User();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/getUserByUserId";
var result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_User>>(CallWebRequest.Get(url + "?userId=" + userId));
if (result.status == true && result.data != null)
model = result.data;
return model;
}
public static ApiBase<string> UserExist(string userName)
{
ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/checkUserExists";
result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName));
return result;
}
public static ApiBase<string> CheckUserPwd(string userName, string pwd)
{
ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/checkUserPsw";
result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName + "&psw=" + pwd));
return result;
}
public static ApiBase<Api_AnswerQuestion> GetAnswerQuestion(string userName)
{
ApiBase<Api_AnswerQuestion> result = new ApiBase<Api_AnswerQuestion>();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/safety/getSafetyByUserName";
result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_AnswerQuestion>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName));
return result;
}
public static ApiBase<string> ResetUserPassword(string userName, string newPassWord)
{
ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/resetUserPasswordByUserName";
result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName + "&newPassWord=" + newPassWord));
return result;
}
public static ApiBase<string> ChangeUserSafeAnswer(string userId, string answer1, string answer2, string answer3, string safeId)
{
ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/safety/batchUpdageSafety";
result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&data=[{editor:\"" + userId + "\",safetyAnswerOne:\"" + answer1 + "\",safetyAnswerTwo:\"" + answer2 + "\",safetyAnswerThree:\"" + answer3 + "\",safetyId:" + safeId + "}]"));
return result;
}
public static ApiBase<string> UpdateUserPhoto(string userId, string userPhoto)
{
ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/updataUserInfo";
result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&data=[{userId:\"" + userId + "\",userPhoto:\"" + userPhoto + "\"}]"));
return result;
}
public static Api_DreamClassUserInfo GetDreamClassUser(string userId)
{
var model = new Api_DreamClassUserInfo();
//model = CacheRedis.Cache.Get<Api_DreamClassUserInfo>(RedisKey.DreamCourseUser + userId);
var url = GetConfig("platform.system.dreamclass.url", true) + "rest/getUserInfo";
var result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_DreamClassUserInfo>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userId=" + userId));
if (result.state == true && result.data != null)
{
model = result.data;
//CacheRedis.Cache.Set(RedisKey.DreamCourseUser+userId,model);
}
return model;
}
public static List<Api_BitCourse> GetBitCourseList(string userName)
{
List<Api_BitCourse> list = new List<Api_BitCourse>();
list = CacheRedis.Cache.Get<List<Api_BitCourse>>(RedisKey.BitCourse + userName);
if (list != null && list.Count > 0)
return list;
try
{
var url = GetConfig("platform.system.szhjxpt.url", true) + "/Services/DtpServiceWJL.asmx/GetMyCourseByLoginName";
var result = Json.ToObject<ApiConfig<Api_BitCourse>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&loginName=" + userName));
if (result.success)
list = result.datas;
CacheRedis.Cache.Set(RedisKey.BitCourse + userName, list, 30);//缓存30分钟失效
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
list = new List<Api_BitCourse>();
Log.Error(exception.Message);
}
return
