29.重建控制文件

1.前言

　　在oracle的运维过程中，时常会遇到一些场景需要重建控制文件，以下是通过复制控制文件到新路径，运行一段时间后，再用老的控制文件启动数据库重现。

2.步骤

SQL> shutdown abort     
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  599785472 bytes
Fixed Size                  2098112 bytes
Variable Size             218106944 bytes
Database Buffers          373293056 bytes
Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;  ##这里会生产一个trace文件，该文件中有一些控制文件的创建语句

Database altered.

SQL> oradebug setmypid
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug tracefile_name
/s01/oracle/admin/cxywdb/udump/cxywdb_ora_3983.trc  ##这个是trace文件的位置
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  599785472 bytes
Fixed Size                  2098112 bytes
Variable Size             218106944 bytes
Database Buffers          373293056 bytes
Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes
SQL> @control.sql   ##这里应该是上面创建控制语句的sql文件(用vim创建一个控制文件)

Control file created.
SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
------------
MOUNTED

SQL> recover database;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

创建控制文件的官方文档:https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28310/control003.htm#ADMIN10064

精华参考：https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1681540

SQL> ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO '/oracle/backup/control.bkp';   ##这里备份的是格式为二进制文件

alter  database backup controlfile to trace as '/tmp/control_bak';