C# 三种方式实现Socket数据接收(经典)

Stream.Read 方法

当在派生类中重写时，从当前流读取字节序列，并将此流中的位置提升读取的字节数。

语法：

public abstract int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)

参数：

buffer: 字节数组。此方法返回时，该缓冲区包含指定的字符数组，该数组的 offset 和 (offset + count -1) 之间的值由从当前源中读取的字节替换。
offset: buffer 中的从零开始的字节偏移量，从此处开始存储从当前流中读取的数据。
count: 要从当前流中最多读取的字节数。

返回值：

读入缓冲区中的总字节数。如果当前可用的字节数没有请求的字节数那么多，则总字节数可能小于请求的字节数，或者如果已到达流的末尾，则为零 (0)。

备注：

此方法的实现从当前流中读取最多的 count 个字节，并将它们存储在从 offset 开始的 buffer 中。流中的当前位置提升已读取的字节数；但是，如果出现异常，流中的当前位置保持不变。实现返回已读取的字节数。仅当位置当前位于流的末尾时，返回值才为零。如果没有任何可用的数据，该实现将一直阻塞到至少有一个字节的数据可读为止。仅当流中不再有其他的数据，而且也不再需要更多的数据（如已关闭的套接字或文件尾）时，Read 才返回 0。即使尚未到达流的末尾，实现仍可以随意返回少于所请求的字节。

之前一般采用如下方式进行数据接收：

int recv;//定义接收数据长度变量
            IPEndPoint ipEnd = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(textBox1.Text), int.Parse(textBox2.Text));//接收端所监听的接口,ip也可以用IPAddress.Any
            Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//初始化一个Socket对象
            socket.Bind(ipEnd);//绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上(bind())；
            socket.Listen(10);
            while (true)
            {
                byte[] data = new byte[1024];//对data清零
                Socket clientSocket = socket.Accept(); //一旦接受连接，创建一个客户端
                recv = clientSocket.Receive(data);
                if (recv == 0) //如果收到的数据长度小于0，则退出
                    break;
                string stringData = "0x" + BitConverter.ToString(data).Replace("-", " 0x").ToLower();
                                                                                                                   
                this.Invoke((EventHandler)delegate
                {
                    richTextBox1.Text += DateTime.Now.ToString("yy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss")  + stringData + "\n";
                });
            }

之前用的时候没发现什么问题，但是今天在测试金属门数据接收的时候发现会丢数据，金属门每隔十秒给我一次数据，用上面这个差不多60秒才能收到一组数据，针对以上问题，做了如下修改：

将数据接收放到 while (true)，数据接收正常。

以下分别采用三种方式实现了数据的正常接收，代码如下：

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
 
namespace MetalGate
{
    public partial class MainForm : Form
    {
        public MainForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private BackgroundWorker demoBGWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
        static TcpClient tcpClient;
        static NetworkStream stream;
        private void MainForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            textBox1.Text = "192.168.1.99";
            textBox2.Text = "8234";
 
        }
        //private void BGWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
         private void BGWorker_DoWork()
        {
             
            var serverIPEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.99"), 8234); // 当前服务器使用的ip和端口
            TcpListener tcpListener = new TcpListener(serverIPEndPoint);
            tcpListener.Start();
            Console.WriteLine("服务端已启用......"); // 阻塞线程的执行，直到一个客户端连接
            tcpClient = tcpListener.AcceptTcpClient();
            Console.WriteLine("已连接.");
            stream = tcpClient.GetStream();          // 创建用于发送和接受数据的NetworkStream
 
 
            var t1 = new Thread(ReceiveMsg);
            t1.IsBackground = true;
            t1.Start();
 
        }
        private void BGWorker_DoWork1()
        {
            //在这里执行耗时的运算。
            int recv;//定义接收数据长度变量
            IPEndPoint ipEnd = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(textBox1.Text), int.Parse(textBox2.Text));//接收端所监听的接口,ip也可以用IPAddress.Any
            Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//初始化一个Socket对象
            socket.Bind(ipEnd);//绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上(bind())；
            socket.Listen(10);
 
            //创建监听线程
             Thread thread = new Thread(Listen);
             thread.IsBackground = true;
             thread.Start(socket);
 
           
        }
         /// <summary>
        /// 等待客户端的连接 并且创建与之通信的Socket
        /// </summary>
        Socket socketSend;
        void Listen(object o)
        {
            try
            {
                Socket socketWatch = o as Socket;
                while (true)
                {
                    socketSend = socketWatch.Accept();//等待接收客户端连接                  
                    //开启一个新线程，执行接收消息方法
                    Thread r_thread = new Thread(Received);
                    r_thread.IsBackground = true;
                    r_thread.Start(socketSend);
                }
            }
            catch { }
        }
        /// <summary>
         /// 服务器端不停的接收客户端发来的消息
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="o"></param>
         void Received(object o)
         {
             try
             {
                 Socket socketSend = o as Socket;
                 while (true)
                 {
                     //客户端连接服务器成功后，服务器接收客户端发送的消息
                     byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
                     //实际接收到的有效字节数
                     int len = socketSend.Receive(buffer);
                     if (len == 0)
                     {
                         break;
                     }
                    // string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, len);
                    string stringData = "0x" + BitConverter.ToString(buffer, 0, len).Replace("-", " 0x").ToLower();
                    this.Invoke((EventHandler)delegate
                        {
                            richTextBox1.Text += DateTime.Now.ToString("yy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss -*- ") + stringData + "\n";
                        });
                }
            }
             catch { }
         }
 
        private void BGWorker_DoWork2()
        {
            int recv;//定义接收数据长度变量
            IPEndPoint ipEnd = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(textBox1.Text), int.Parse(textBox2.Text));//接收端所监听的接口,ip也可以用IPAddress.Any
            Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//初始化一个Socket对象
            socket.Bind(ipEnd);//绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上(bind())；
            socket.Listen(10);
            new Thread(delegate ()
            {
                Socket clientSocket = null;
                while (true)
                {
                    Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
                    // 开始计时
                    sw.Start();
 
                    clientSocket = socket.Accept(); //一旦接受连接，创建一个客户端
 
                    Task.Run(() =>
                    {
                        while (true)
                        {
                            byte[] data = new byte[50];//对data清零
                            recv = clientSocket.Receive(data, 0, data.Length, SocketFlags.None);
                            //if (recv == 0) //如果收到的数据长度小于0，则退出
                            //    break;
                            string stringData = "0x" + BitConverter.ToString(data, 0, recv).Replace("-", " 0x").ToLower();
 
                            this.Invoke((EventHandler)delegate
                            {
                                richTextBox1.Text += DateTime.Now.ToString("yy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss -*- ") + stringData + "\n";
                            });
                            //结束计时  
                            sw.Stop();
                            long times = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds;
                            this.Invoke((EventHandler)delegate
                            {
                                richTextBox1.Text += "执行查询总共使用了" + times + "毫秒" + "\n";
                            });
                        }
                    });
                }
            })
            { IsBackground = true }.Start();
        }
 
        void ReceiveMsg()
        {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; // 预设最大接受1024个字节长度，可修改
            int count = 0;
            try
            {
                while ((count = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) != 0)
                {
                    string stringData = "0x" + BitConverter.ToString(buffer, 0, count).Replace("-", " 0x").ToLower();
                    Console.WriteLine($"{tcpClient.Client.LocalEndPoint.ToString()}:{DateTime.Now.ToString("yy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss -*- ") + stringData + "\n"}");
                    this.Invoke((EventHandler)delegate
                    {
                        richTextBox1.Text += DateTime.Now.ToString("yy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss -*- ") + stringData + "\n";
                    });
                }
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            }
             
        }
 
            private void SendData(IPAddress remoteIP, int Port, byte[] bits)
        {
            //实例化socket               
            Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
            IPEndPoint ipep = new IPEndPoint(remoteIP, Port);
            socket.Connect(ipep);
            //socket.Send(bits, 8, SocketFlags.None);
            socket.Send(bits);
            socket.Close();
        }
 
        private void btnListen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //demoBGWorker.DoWork += BGWorker_DoWork;
            //demoBGWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
            //Task.Run(() =>
           // {
                BGWorker_DoWork2();
            //});
        }
 
 
 
        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            byte[] order = new byte[8];
            order = new byte[] { 0x80, 0x04, 0x00, 0x7F };
            SendData(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.100"), int.Parse("49558"), order);
            MessageBox.Show("指令发送成功");
        }
    }
}