ASP.NET打印EXCEl报表技术总结
序言：我们在做企业项目或者一些管理系统的时候往往会用到导出到excel报表这项功能，下面我介绍的是用windows自带的excel来打印
首先必须引入：Interop.Excel.dll、Interop.Microsoft.Office.Core.dll这两个分别是microsoft对应excel的驱动
如何加如：在bin文件夹---右键添加引用
选择对应的office版本加入上面两个dll；
打印：
在后台打印操作如下：
假设得到了数据集DataSet ds=new DataSet（）；
#region copy template to target dir
string sourceFile = "";
sourceFile = templateFilePath + @"\excel.xls";
string targetFile = Server.MapPath(".") + @"\template\" + System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + ".xls";
try
{
System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFile, targetFile);
}
catch { }
#endregion
这一行代码是将模板复制到新的文件夹并按时间来命名，牵扯到文件操作，需要引用system.io
Excel.Application xApp = null;//创建excel应用程序
Excel.Workbook xBook = null;//工作簿
Excel.Worksheet xSheet = null;//工作簿中创建工作表
bool PrintNote = false;
try
{
xApp = new Excel.ApplicationClass();
xBook = xApp.Workbooks.Open(targetFile,
Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing
, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing
, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
xSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)xBook.Sheets[1];//有三个工作簿选择第一个，也可选择其他
int startrow = 5;//从第几行开始打印
int col = 0;
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; i++)
{
col = startrow + i;//数据行
//下面就要对xsheet填入数据了
有两种方式：方式一
xSheet.get_Range("A" + col , Type.Missing).Value2 = ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["NAME"].ToString().Trim();
xSheet.get_Range("A" + col , Type.Missing).Value2 = ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["sex"].ToString().Trim();
xSheet.get_Range("A" + col , Type.Missing).Value2 = ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["age"].ToString().Trim();
方式二：参数为行、列
xSheet.cells[col,1]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["NAME"].ToString().Trim();
xSheet.cells[col,1]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["NAME"].ToString().Trim();
xSheet.cells[col,1]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i]["NAME"].ToString().Trim();
}
数据打印完成后加边框或其他操作
xSheet.get_Range("A" + (3).ToString(), "K" + (col).ToString()).Borders.LineStyle = 1;//加边框
xSheet.get_Range("A" + (3).ToString(), "A" + (col).ToString()).ShrinkToFit = true;//内容适应文本框大小
xBook.Save();//用于保存xSheet的数据
在需要合并单元格时序特别注意，必须要在没有填入数据前进行和并，否则会提示：覆盖前内容等提示；
合并方法 xSheet.get_Range("A" + (j + 3).ToString(), "A" + (j + 4).ToString()).MergeCells = true;
xSheet.get_Range(xSheet.cells[col,1], xSheet.cells[col,1]).MergeCells = true;
在操作完excel之后一定要记得关闭应用不然下次操作会提示excel占用。操作方法：
if (xSheet != null)
{
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSheet);
xSheet = null;
}
if (xBook != null)
{
try
{
xBook.Close(false, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing);
}
catch { }
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBook);
xBook = null;
}
if (xApp != null)
{
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xApp);
xApp = null;
}
GC.Collect();//强制代码垃圾回收
DownLoadFile(targetFile, IYear.ToString() + ".xls");//下载文档
return true;
下载文档的方法：
protected void DownloadFile(string filename, string downname)
{
FileStream f = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open);
byte[] buffer = new byte[f.Length];
f.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
f.Close();
filename = filename.Replace(@"/", @"\");
string saveFileName = "";
int intStart = filename.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1;
saveFileName = filename.Substring(intStart, filename.Length - intStart);
Response.Clear();
Response.Buffer = true;
Response.Charset = "GB2312";
try
{
if (filename.ToLower().IndexOf("doc") >= 0)
{
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word";
}
else
{
if (filename.ToLower().IndexOf("xls") >= 0)
{
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
}
else
{
Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
}
}
}
catch
{
Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
}
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(downname));
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
Response.BinaryWrite(buffer);
Response.GetHashCode();
Response.End();
}
文章打印成功
三：读取excel'中的数据到dataTable中
#region
public DataTable ReadExcelFile(string Filename, string SheetName, int _startIndex)
{
DataTable dt = null;
OleDbConnection Con = null;
if (Filename.ToLower().IndexOf(".xlsx") >= 0)
{
Con = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + Filename + ";Persist Security Info=False;Extended Properties='Excel 12.0 Xml;HDR=NO;IMEX=1'");
}
else
{
Con = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + Filename + ";Persist Security Info=False;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=NO;IMEX=1'");
}
Con.Open();
OleDbCommand Cmd = new OleDbCommand("Select * From [" + SheetName + "$]", Con);
OleDbDataReader Reader = Cmd.ExecuteReader();
dt = GetDataTableFromDataReader(Reader, _startIndex);
Con.Close();
return dt;
}
/// <summary>
/// Return a DataTable From OleDbDataReader
/// </summary>
/// <param name="reader">OleDbDataReader</param>
/// <param name="_startIndex">起始行</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private DataTable GetDataTableFromDataReader(OleDbDataReader reader, int _startIndex)
{
DataTable schema = reader.GetSchemaTable();
DataColumn[] columns = new DataColumn[schema.Rows.Count];
DataColumn column;
//Build the schema
for (int i = 0; i < schema.Rows.Count; i++)
{
column = new DataColumn(); column.AllowDBNull = (bool)schema.Rows[i]["AllowDBNull"];
column.AutoIncrement = (bool)schema.Rows[i]["IsAutoIncrement"];
column.ColumnName = (string)schema.Rows[i]["ColumnName"];
column.DataType = Type.GetType(schema.Rows[i]["DataType"].ToString());
if (column.DataType == Type.GetType("System.String"))
{ column.MaxLength = (int)schema.Rows[i]["ColumnSize"]; }
column.ReadOnly = (bool)schema.Rows[i]["IsReadOnly"];
column.Unique = (bool)schema.Rows[i]["IsUnique"];
columns[i] = column;
}
DataTable data = new DataTable();
data.Columns.AddRange(columns);
//Get the data itself.
int j = 0;
while (reader.Read())
{
if (j >= _startIndex)
{
if (j == _startIndex)
{
for (int i = 0; i < schema.Rows.Count; i++)
{
try
{
data.Columns[i].ColumnName = reader[i].ToString();
}
catch
{
data.Columns[i].ColumnName = " ";
}
}
}
else
{
DataRow row = data.NewRow();
for (int i = 0; i < schema.Rows.Count; i++)
{ row[i] = reader[i]; }
data.Rows.Add(row);
}
}
j = j + 1;
}
return data;
}
#endregion
}
