《第一行代码》阅读笔记(十一)——编写界面的最佳案例
第一步:编辑图片
现在Android Studio的SDK里面已经没有draw9ptach.bat了,不知道是不是只有Mac是这样,直接是有链接中的方法就行了。Android Stuio 4.0 如何创造9.png
因为没有图片就百度了一个,也放这里。自己左右转换一下
第二步:导入依赖
因为版本更新,书上的已经过时了,所以使用RecycleView需要使用
implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
第三步:编写界面
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#d8e0e8">
<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/msg_recycler_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/input_text"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:hint="Type something here"
android:maxLines="2" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/send"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Send" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
第四步:创建Msg类
package com.firstcode.uibestpractice;
public class Msg {
public static final int TYPE_RECEIVED = 0;
public static final int TYPE_SENT = 1;
private String content;
private int type;
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
public int getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(int type) {
this.type = type;
}
public Msg(String content, int type) {
this.content = content;
this.type = type;
}
}
第五步:
接着来编写RecyclerView子项的布局,新建msg. item.xml, 代码如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="10dp">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/left_layout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="left"
android:background="@drawable/message_left" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/left_msg"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:textColor="#fff" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/right_layout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="right"
android:background="@drawable/message_right" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/right_msg"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_margin="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
第六步:编写适配器
package com.firstcode.uibestpractice;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.List;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
public class MsgAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MsgAdapter.ViewHolder> {
private List<Msg> mMsgList;
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
LinearLayout leftLayout;
LinearLayout rightLayout;
TextView leftMsg;
TextView rightMsg;
public ViewHolder(View view) {
super(view);
leftLayout = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);
rightLayout = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);
leftMsg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);
rightMsg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);
}
}
public MsgAdapter(List<Msg> mMsgList) {
this.mMsgList = mMsgList;
}
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.msg_item, parent, false);
return new ViewHolder(view);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull MsgAdapter.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
Msg msg = mMsgList.get(position);
if (msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED) {
holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
holder.leftMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
} else if(msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_SENT) {
holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
holder.rightMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
}
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mMsgList.size();
}
}
第七步:编写主Activity代码
package com.firstcode.uibestpractice;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private List<Msg> msgList = new ArrayList<>();
private EditText inputText;
private Button send;
private RecyclerView msgRecyclerView;
private MsgAdapter adapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initMsgs();
inputText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input_text);
send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
msgRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.msg_recycler_view);
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
msgRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
adapter = new MsgAdapter(msgList);
msgRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String content = inputText.getText().toString();
if (!"".equals(content)) {
Msg msg = new Msg(content, Msg.TYPE_SENT);
msgList.add(msg);
adapter.notifyItemInserted(msgList.size()-1);
msgRecyclerView.scrollToPosition(msgList.size()-1);
inputText.setText("");
}
}
});
}
private void initMsgs() {
Msg msg1 = new Msg("Hello guy.", Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
msgList.add(msg1);
Msg msg2 = new Msg("Hello. Who is that?", Msg.TYPE_SENT);
msgList.add(msg2);
Msg msg3 = new Msg("This is Tom, I'm so happy to talking wiht you.", Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
msgList.add(msg3);
}
}
界面展示
总结
相较于之前的程序,大同小异。主要的区别就是在显示每一个函数的时候根据信息类型进行了判断,然后将不该显示的隐藏。是一个很好的编码思想。
2.
——第一行代码
然后在发送按钮的点击事件里获取了EditText 中的内容,如果内容不为null则创建出一个新的Msg对象,并把它添加到msgList列表中去。之后又调用了适配器的notifyItemInserted()方法,用于通知列表有新的数据插入,这样新增的一条消息才能够在RecyclerView 中显示。接着调用RecyclerView的scrollToPosition()方法将显示的数据定位到最后一行,以保证一定可以看得到最后发出的一条消息。最后调用EditText的setText( )方法将输入的内容清空。