126. 单词接龙 II(bfs)

 

难度困难

按字典 wordList 完成从单词 beginWord 到单词 endWord 转化,一个表示此过程的 转换序列 是形式上像 beginWord -> s1 -> s2 -> ... -> sk 这样的单词序列,并满足:

  • 每对相邻的单词之间仅有单个字母不同。
  • 转换过程中的每个单词 si1 <= i <= k)必须是字典 wordList 中的单词。注意,beginWord 不必是字典 wordList 中的单词。
  • sk == endWord

给你两个单词 beginWord 和 endWord ,以及一个字典 wordList 。请你找出并返回所有从 beginWord 到 endWord 的 最短转换序列 ,如果不存在这样的转换序列,返回一个空列表。每个序列都应该以单词列表 [beginWord, s1, s2, ..., sk] 的形式返回。

 

示例 1:

输入:beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log","cog"]
输出:[["hit","hot","dot","dog","cog"],["hit","hot","lot","log","cog"]]
解释:存在 2 种最短的转换序列:
"hit" -> "hot" -> "dot" -> "dog" -> "cog"
"hit" -> "hot" -> "lot" -> "log" -> "cog"

示例 2:

输入:beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log"]
输出:[]
解释:endWord "cog" 不在字典 wordList 中,所以不存在符合要求的转换序列。

 

提示:

  • 1 <= beginWord.length <= 7
  • endWord.length == beginWord.length
  • 1 <= wordList.length <= 5000
  • wordList[i].length == beginWord.length
  • beginWordendWord 和 wordList[i] 由小写英文字母组成
  • beginWord != endWord
  • wordList 中的所有单词 互不相同

 

 

class Solution {
public:
    int word_diff(string a, string b) {
        int res = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < a.size();i++) {
            if (a[i]!=b[i]) res++;
        }
        return res;
    }
    vector<vector<string>> findLadders(string beginWord, string endWord, vector<string>& wordList) {
        vector<vector<string>> res;
        queue<vector<string>> q;
        q.push({beginWord});
        unordered_set<string> tt_gl;
        unordered_set<string> tt_level;
        while(!q.empty()) {
            int sz = q.size();
            for(int a = 0; a < sz;a++) {
                vector<string> cur = q.front();q.pop();
                auto cur_word = cur.back();
                if(cur_word == endWord) {
                    res.emplace_back(cur);
                    continue;
                }
                for (auto ww : cur) {
                tt_gl.insert(ww);
                }
                tt_level.clear();
                for(int i = 0; i < wordList.size();i++) {
                    auto word = wordList[i];
                    if (tt_level.find(word) == tt_level.end() && tt_gl.find(word) == tt_gl.end()  && word_diff(word,cur_word)==1) {
                        cur.emplace_back(word);
                        q.push(cur);
                        cur.pop_back();
                        tt_level.insert(word);
                    }
                }   
            }
            if (res.size()) return res;
        }
        return res;
    }
};

 

 

 

posted @ 2021-12-12 17:22  乐乐章  阅读(39)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报