126. 单词接龙 II(bfs)
难度困难
按字典 wordList
完成从单词 beginWord
到单词 endWord
转化,一个表示此过程的 转换序列 是形式上像 beginWord -> s1 -> s2 -> ... -> sk
这样的单词序列,并满足:
- 每对相邻的单词之间仅有单个字母不同。
- 转换过程中的每个单词
si
(1 <= i <= k
)必须是字典wordList
中的单词。注意,beginWord
不必是字典wordList
中的单词。 sk == endWord
给你两个单词 beginWord
和 endWord
,以及一个字典 wordList
。请你找出并返回所有从 beginWord
到 endWord
的 最短转换序列 ,如果不存在这样的转换序列,返回一个空列表。每个序列都应该以单词列表 [beginWord, s1, s2, ..., sk]
的形式返回。
示例 1:
输入:beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log","cog"] 输出:[["hit","hot","dot","dog","cog"],["hit","hot","lot","log","cog"]] 解释:存在 2 种最短的转换序列: "hit" -> "hot" -> "dot" -> "dog" -> "cog" "hit" -> "hot" -> "lot" -> "log" -> "cog"
示例 2:
输入:beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log"] 输出:[] 解释:endWord "cog" 不在字典 wordList 中,所以不存在符合要求的转换序列。
提示:
1 <= beginWord.length <= 7
endWord.length == beginWord.length
1 <= wordList.length <= 5000
wordList[i].length == beginWord.length
beginWord
、endWord
和wordList[i]
由小写英文字母组成beginWord != endWord
wordList
中的所有单词 互不相同
class Solution { public: int word_diff(string a, string b) { int res = 0; for(int i = 0; i < a.size();i++) { if (a[i]!=b[i]) res++; } return res; } vector<vector<string>> findLadders(string beginWord, string endWord, vector<string>& wordList) { vector<vector<string>> res; queue<vector<string>> q; q.push({beginWord}); unordered_set<string> tt_gl; unordered_set<string> tt_level; while(!q.empty()) { int sz = q.size(); for(int a = 0; a < sz;a++) { vector<string> cur = q.front();q.pop(); auto cur_word = cur.back(); if(cur_word == endWord) { res.emplace_back(cur); continue; } for (auto ww : cur) { tt_gl.insert(ww); } tt_level.clear(); for(int i = 0; i < wordList.size();i++) { auto word = wordList[i]; if (tt_level.find(word) == tt_level.end() && tt_gl.find(word) == tt_gl.end() && word_diff(word,cur_word)==1) { cur.emplace_back(word); q.push(cur); cur.pop_back(); tt_level.insert(word); } } } if (res.size()) return res; } return res; } };