celery入门
这里有几个概念，task、worker、broker。
顾名思义，task 就是老板交给你的各种任务，worker 就是你手下干活的人员。
那什么是 Broker 呢？
老板给你下发任务时，你需要 把它记下来， 这个它 可以是你随身携带的本子，也可以是 电脑里地记事本或者excel，或者是你的 任何时间管理工具。
Broker 则是 Celery 记录task的地方。
作为一个任务管理者的你，将老板（前端程序）发给你的 安排的工作（Task） 记录到你的本子（Broker）里。接下来，你就安排你手下的IT程序猿们（Worker），都到你的本子(Broker)里来取走工作（Task）
1. broker为rabbitmq
#tasks.py
from celery import Celery
app = Celery('tasks', broker='amqp://admin:admin@localhost:5672')
@app.task
def add(x, y):
return x + y
启动
celery -A tasks worker --loglevel=info
运行
>>> from tasks import add >>> add(1, 3) 4 >>> add.delay(1,3) <AsyncResult: 07614cef-f314-4c7b-a33f-92c080cadb83> >>>
注：delay是使用异步的方式，会压入到消息队列。否则，不会使用消息队列。
文件名为tasks.py，则其中代码app = Celery('tasks', broker=)，Celery第一个参数为文件名，启动时也是celery -A tasks worker --loglevel=info
2. 以python+文件名的方式启动
例1：
#test.py
from celery import Celery
import time
app = Celery('test', backend='amqp', broker='amqp://admin:admin@localhost:5672')
@app.task
def add(x, y):
print "------>"
time.sleep(5)
print "<--------------"
return x + y
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.start()
启动
python test.py worker
celery默认启动的worker数为内核个数，如果指定启动个数，用参数-c，例
python test.py worker -c 2
例2：
#test.py
from celery import Celery
import time
app = Celery('test', backend='amqp', broker='amqp://admin:admin@localhost:5672')
@app.task
def add(x, y):
print "------>"
time.sleep(2)
print "<--------------"
return x + y
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.start()
#eg.py
from test import *
import time
rev = []
for i in range(3):
rev.append(add.delay(1,3))
print "len rev:", len(rev)
while 1:
tag = 1
for key in rev:
if not key.ready():
tag = 0
time.sleep(1)
print "sleep 1"
if tag:
break
print "_____________________>"
3. broker为redis
#test_redis.py
from celery import Celery
import time
#app = Celery('test_redis', backend='amqp', broker='redis://100.69.201.116:7000')
app = Celery('test_redis', backend='redis', broker='redis://100.69.201.116:7000')
@app.task
def add(x, y):
print "------>"
time.sleep(5)
print "<--------------"
return x + y
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.start()
启动
python test_redis.py worker -c 2
测试
from celery import group
from test_redis import *
g = group(add.s(2, 3)).apply_async()
g = group(add.s(2, 3)).apply_async()
g = group(add.s(2, 3)).apply_async()
g = group(add.s(2, 3)).apply_async()
g = group(add.s(2, 3)).apply_async()
for ret in g.get():
print ret
print "end-----------------------------------"
结果
5 end-----------------------------------
4. 两个队列(redis)
#test_redis.py
from celery import Celery
import time
#app = Celery('test_redis', backend='amqp', broker='redis://100.69.201.116:7000')
app = Celery('test_redis', backend='redis', broker='redis://100.69.201.116:7000')
@app.task
def add(x, y):
print "------>"
time.sleep(5)
print "<--------------"
return x + y
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.start()
#test_redis_2.py
from celery import Celery
import time
#app = Celery('test_redis', backend='amqp', broker='redis://100.69.201.116:7000')
app = Celery('test_redis_2', backend='redis', broker='redis://100.69.201.116:7001')
@app.task
def add_2(x, y):
print "=======>"
time.sleep(5)
print "<================="
return x + y
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.start()
测试
from celery import group
from test_redis import *
from test_redis_2 import *
ll = [(1,2), (3,4), (5,6)]
g = group(add.s(key[0], key[1]) for key in ll).apply_async()
for ret in g.get():
print ret
print "end redis_1 -----------------------------------"
ll = [(1,2), (3,4), (5,6)]
g = group(add_2.s(key[0], key[1]) for key in ll).apply_async()
for ret in g.get():
print ":", ret
print "end redis_2 -----------------------------------"
结果
3 7 11 end redis_1 ----------------------------------- : 3 : 7 : 11 end redis_2 -----------------------------------
5. 两个队列（同一个rabbitmq）
注释：需要提前设置下队列
##例1
#test.py
from celery import Celery
import time
app = Celery('test', backend='amqp', broker='amqp://admin:admin@localhost:5672//')
@app.task
def add(x, y):
print "------>"
time.sleep(5)
print "<--------------"
return x + y
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.start()
#test_2.py
from celery import Celery
import time
app = Celery('test_2', backend='amqp', broker='amqp://admin:admin@localhost:5672//hwzh')
@app.task
def add_2(x, y):
print "=====>"
time.sleep(5)
print "<=========="
return x + y
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.start()
测试
from celery import group
from test import *
from test_2 import *
ll = [(1,2), (3,4), (7,8)]
g = group(add.s(key[0], key[1]) for key in ll).apply_async()
for ret in g.get():
print ret
ll = [(1,2), (3,4), (7,8)]
g = group(add_2.s(key[0], key[1]) for key in ll).apply_async()
for ret in g.get():
print ret
结果
3 7 15 3 7 15
##例2
#test.py
from celery import Celery
import time
app = Celery('test', backend='amqp', broker='amqp://admin:admin@localhost:5672//mq4')
@app.task
def add(x, y):
print "------>"
time.sleep(2)
print "<--------------"
return x + y
@app.task
def sum(x, y):
print "------>"
time.sleep(2)
print "<--------------"
return x + y
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.start()
#eg2.py
from test import *
import time
rev = []
for i in range(3):
rev.append(add.delay(1,3))
for i in range(3):
rev.append(sum.delay(1,3))
print "len rev:", len(rev)
while 1:
tag = 1
for key in rev:
if not key.ready():
tag = 0
time.sleep(1)
print "sleep 1"
if tag:
break
print "_____________________>"
6. 保存结果
from celery import Celery
app = Celery('tasks', backend='amqp', broker='amqp://admin:admin@localhost')
@app.task
def add(x, y):
return x + y
启动
celery -A tasks_1 worker --loglevel=info
与前例不同：
- ** ---------- [config]
- ** ---------- .> app: tasks:0x7f8057931810
- ** ---------- .> transport: amqp://admin:**@localhost:5672//
- ** ---------- .> results: amqp
运行
>>> from tasks_1 import add >>> result = add.delay(1, 3) >>> result.ready() True >>> result.get() 4
7. 多个队列
from celery import Celery
from kombu import Exchange, Queue
BROKER_URL = 'amqp://admin:admin@localhost//'
app = Celery('tasks', backend='amqp',broker=BROKER_URL)
app.conf.update(
CELERY_ROUTES={
"add1":{"queue":"queue_add1"},
"add2":{"queue":"queue_add2"},
"add3":{"queue":"queue_add3"},
"add4":{"queue":"queue_add4"},
},
)
@app.task
def add1(x, y):
return x + y
@app.task
def add2(x, y):
return x + y
@app.task
def add3(x, y):
return x + y
@app.task
def add4(x, y):
return x + y
打铁还需自身硬
