fedora安装后的配置

fedora安装后的一些配置

(mirror)源

换源

默认从fedora官网下载太慢，考虑换用国内的源（镜像站点），推荐中科大、阿里云、浙大、网易等的源。

比如我用浙大ZJU的源http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn and follow the page's instruction.,可按照配置生成器进行repo文件的生成，并根据提示保存配置,

e.g.

请删除/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo和/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates.repo，然后在/etc/yum.repos.d目录中建立fedora.repo文件，并填入下列内容
 
[fedora]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch
 
[fedora-debuginfo]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/debug/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch
 
[fedora-source]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Everything/source/SRPMS/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch
 
[updates]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch
 
[updates-debuginfo]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/$basearch/debug/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch
 
[updates-source]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/SRPMS/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch
 

rpmfusion 好用的第三方源

To download and install more useful software, use rpmfusion.

rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm

(font)字体

infinality字体渲染

The default font is ugly. Copy Microsoft's truetype font is not a good method, it's nasty.
I use infinality. Though the website don't update anymore.
First, download fontconfig-infinality and freetype-infinality:

wget http://www.infinality.net/fedora/linux/20/noarch/fontconfig-infinality-1-20130104_1.noarch.rpm
wget http://www.infinality.net/fedora/linux/20/x86_64/freetype-infinality-2.4.10-1.20120615_01.fc17.x86_64.rpm

then install them using rpm command:

sudo rpm -ivh fontconfig-infinality-1-20130104_1.noarch.rpm freetype-infinality-2.4.10-1.20120615_01.fc17.x86_64.rpm 

(maybe you have to solve the dependencies manually)

then, set the font renderr style using infinality script. I choose osx style. the command is:

sudo /etc/fonts/infinality/infctl.sh setstyle

and choose the number you like.

MONACO字体

我喜欢用MONACO作为等宽字体。

wget http://jsdx.sc.chinaz.com/Files/DownLoad/font2/908.rar   # 下载MONACO字体
sudo yum install unrar         # 下载unrar：
unrar x 908.rar   # 解压
cd 908
sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/fonts/my_font
sudo mv MONACO.TTF /usr/share/fonts/my_font/
sudo mkfontscale
sudo mkfontdir
sudo fc-cache -fv  # 更新字体缓存

好了，现在可以在终端中选择MONACO作为显示的等宽字体了。

build tools

sudo yum install gcc-c++ cmake

opencv

use yum command to list packages related to opencv:

yum list *opencv*

and select proper packages(that is, packages you need) to download:

sudo yum install opencv-core opencv opencv-devel opencv-python

close SELinux

SELinux is useless for common people. Just close it.

sudo vim /etc/selinux/config

and change the content to:

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled            # here we modify "enforcing" to "disabled"
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

and we need a reboot to disable SELinux. If don't disable SELinux, apps like Chrome can't be used happily

chrome

First, download chrome. I don't like using a repo for chrome, since every time the system updates, it speed down.

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm

then use yum to download depences:

yum install redhat-lsb
yum install libXScrnSaver

now let's install chrome:

sudo rpm -ivh google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm 

python

这里配置了python、python-devel以及pip

sudo dnf install python python-devel python-pip

然后创建pip的用户自配置文件，使用阿里云的源来加速访问，即创建并编辑~/.pip/pip.conf，内容为：

[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

shadowsocks

Here I use a command line tool for shadowsocks.

# sudo easy install pip
sudo pip install shadowsocks

then download SwitchySharp.crx and drop it to your chrome extension, and config it.
Shadowsocks is a socks5 agent, and the default local port is 1080.

then remember to create a shadowsocks-config file, writing your config as following(you can just copy them from the file you http://downloaded from portal.shadowsocks.com):

{
    "server": "jp01-19.ssv4.net",
    "server_port": "12345",
    "local_port": 1080,
    "password": "JabcdefghijX",
    "timeout": 600,
    "method": "aes-256-cfb"
}
 

and use the following command to start shadowsocks:

sslocal -c shadowsocks.cfg 

git

git配置ssh

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "zchrissirhcz"//注意。zchrissirhcz为用户名
//然后三次回车
cat /home/forwhat.cn/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
//复制cat出来的内容

然后到github上个人账户设置中配置SSH Keys:把cat出来的内容贴上去

vim

I use vundle to manage my vim plugins.

sudo yum install vim
git clone https://github.com/gmarik/vundle.git ~/.vim/bundle/vundle
mkdir -p workspace/gitwhat
cd workspace/gitwhat
git clone https://github.com/zchrissirhcz/dotfiles
mkdir -p ~/.vim/colors
cp molokai.vim ~/.vim/colors

then open vim and do bundle install:

:BundleInstall

fcitx输入法

不必卸载默认的ibus。

sudo yum install fcitx-pinyin
sudo yum install fcitx-configtool
sudo yum install im-chooser
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.keyboard active false
im-chooser

弹出的对话框中选择fcitx。重启后可以使用。
配置： 使用 fcitx-configtool 进行配置。
在全局配置的快件键->显示高级选项中，我把切换激活/非激活输入法设定为左shift，输入法切换键设定为Ctrl+Space。

如果ctrl+空格无法设定，结果显示是LCtrl，也就是左Control键。这种情况是你的Ctrl+Space被别的程序捕获了，比如我在系统设置->全部设置->键盘->快捷键->打字->切换至下个输入源，这里设定为了Ctrl+Space，这里改掉，fcitx那里就可以设定Ctrl+Space来激活输入法了。

快捷键

配置开启终端快捷键

设置->键盘->快捷键->自定义快捷键->添加：

name:terminal
command:/usr/bin/gnome-terminal
#按键设定为Ctrl+Alt+T

配置截屏快捷键

mkdir ~/bin
cd ~/bin
vim screenshot

添加如下内容：

#!/bin/bash
gnome-screenshot -ai

添加软链接并添加可执行权限：

sudo ln -sf /home/chris/bin/screenshot /usr/bin/screenshot
chmod +x ~/bin/screenshot

最后到：设置->键盘->快捷键->自定义快捷键->添加：

name:screenshot
command:screenshot
#按键设定为Ctrl+Alt+Q

PS1变量

在.bash_rc中添加：

export PS1="$(tput setaf 1)\w\n\[$(tput bold)\]\[$(tput setaf 1)\][\[$(tput setaf 3)\]\u\[$(tput setaf 2)\]@\[$(tput setaf 4)\]\h\[$(tput setaf 5)\]\[$(tput setaf 1)\]]\[$(tput setaf 7)\]\\$\[$(tput sgr0)\] "

美化终端显示

cd ~
wget --no-check-certificate https://github.com/seebi/dircolors-solarized/raw/master/dircolors.ansi-universal
#or
#wget http://download.bbkanba.com/dircolors
 
mv dircolors.ansi-universal  ~/.dir_colors
eval `dircolors ~/.dir_colors`
cat >>  ~/.bashrc <<ALLEND
########################################
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    alias dir='dir --color=auto'
    alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'
    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
    alias tree='tree -C'
fi
########################################
ALLEND
source ~/.bashrc
ls

取消终端下光标闪烁

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-blink false

virtualbox虚拟电脑目录的移动

比如原来放在$HOME下，现在空间不够了，但是/opt是有空间的。怎样移动过去呢？

先用命令移动整个目录到目标位置
再设置全局的虚拟电脑目录（管理-》全局设定-》默认虚拟电脑位置）
（可能要修改/etc下的一个vbox配置文件）
然后发现原来的vbox都报错了打不开 刷新也没用
在vbox主界面中删除原有的vbox
在vbox主界面 控制-》注册-》选择新位置的vdi文件

vdi文件扩容

VBoxManage modifyhd         <uuid>|<filename>     [--resize <megabytes>|--resizebyte <bytes>]

比如：

vboxmanage modifyhd fedora22.vdi --resize 20480

然后进入系统（你当然是要在关闭它时候才修改vdi文件大小的。。），发现还是原来容量，但是有了一块‵空闲区域`。
fdisk命令已经不太会用了。不过gparted很好用：

sudo yum install gparted

zsh

sudo yum install zsh
curl -L https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh | sh
chsh
 

在终端中打开文件夹，以及在文件夹中打开终端

sudo dnf install nautilus-terminal nautilus-open-terminal