hibernate映射-基于外键的1-1关联关系

(学习记录,错误不足之处,请您耐心指正^_^)

hibernate基于外键的1-1映射关联关系:

   基于外键的1-1关联,其外键可以存放在任意一边,在需要存放外键的一端,增加 many-to-one 元素,为 many-to-one 元素增加 unique = "true" 属性来表示1-1关联

   另一端使用 one-to-one 元素,该元素使用 propety-ref 属性指定使用被关联实体主键以外的字段作为关联字段(即后文的mgr属性)

一、代码示例:

{类文件↓}

 Manager.class

 1 package com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign;
 2 
 3 public class Manager {
 4     
 5     private Integer mgrId;
 6     private String mgrName;
 7     
 8     private Department dept;
 9     
10     public Integer getMgrId() {
11         return mgrId;
12     }
13 
14     public void setMgrId(Integer mgrId) {
15         this.mgrId = mgrId;
16     }
17 
18     public String getMgrName() {
19         return mgrName;
20     }
21 
22     public void setMgrName(String mgrName) {
23         this.mgrName = mgrName;
24     }
25 
26     public Department getDept() {
27         return dept;
28     }
29 
30     public void setDept(Department dept) {
31         this.dept = dept;
32     }
33     
34 }
Manager.class

Department.class

 1 package com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign;
 2 
 3 public class Department {
 4     
 5     private Integer deptId;
 6     private String deptName;
 7     
 8     private Manager mgr;
 9 
10     public Integer getDeptId() {
11         return deptId;
12     }
13 
14     public void setDeptId(Integer deptId) {
15         this.deptId = deptId;
16     }
17 
18     public String getDeptName() {
19         return deptName;
20     }
21 
22     public void setDeptName(String deptName) {
23         this.deptName = deptName;
24     }
25 
26     public Manager getMgr() {
27         return mgr;
28     }
29 
30     public void setMgr(Manager mgr) {
31         this.mgr = mgr;
32     }
33     
34 }
Department .class

 

{映射文件↓}

Department.hbm.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
 3 "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 4 <!-- Generated 2015-11-30 14:30:53 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
 5 <hibernate-mapping>
 6     <class name="com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign.Department" table="DEPARTMENTS">
 7         <id name="deptId" type="java.lang.Integer">
 8             <column name="DEPT_ID" />
 9             <generator class="native" />
10         </id>
11         <property name="deptName" type="java.lang.String">
12             <column name="DEPT_NAME" />
13         </property>
14         
15         <!-- 使用many-to-one 的方式来映射 1-1 关联关系 -->
16         <many-to-one name="mgr" class="com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign.Manager">
17             <column name="MGR_ID" unique="true"></column>
18         </many-to-one>
19         
20         
21     </class>
22 </hibernate-mapping>
Department.hbm.xml

Manager.hbm.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
 3 "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 4 <!-- Generated 2015-11-30 14:30:53 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
 5 <hibernate-mapping package="com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign">
 6     <class name="Manager" table="MANAGERS">
 7         <id name="mgrId" type="java.lang.Integer">
 8             <column name="MGR_ID" />
 9             <generator class="native" />
10         </id>
11         <property name="mgrName" type="java.lang.String">
12             <column name="MGR_NAME" />
13         </property>
14         
15         <!-- 映射1-1的关联关系 :在对应是数据表中已经有外键了,使用one-to-one 进行映射-->
16         <one-to-one name="dept" class="Department"
17             property-ref="mgr">
18         </one-to-one>
19         
20         
21     </class>
22 </hibernate-mapping>
Manager.hbm.xml

在Manager.hbm.xml中使用的是one-to-one,注意one-to-one中有子属性 property-ref务必要设置

  例:意为在department对应的表中,已经有属性mgr对应表的主键作为它的外键,

<one-to-one name="dept" class="Department"
    property-ref="mgr">
</one-to-one>

若未设置property-ref属性,在查询时,会出现如下状况,看下面的sql语句:

Hibernate: 
    select
        department0_.DEPT_ID as DEPT_ID1_0_0_,
        department0_.DEPT_NAME as DEPT_NAM2_0_0_,
        department0_.MGR_ID as MGR_ID3_0_0_ 
    from
        DEPARTMENTS department0_ 
    where
        department0_.DEPT_ID=?
DEPT-AA
Hibernate: 
    select
        manager0_.MGR_ID as MGR_ID1_1_1_,
        manager0_.MGR_NAME as MGR_NAME2_1_1_,
        department1_.DEPT_ID as DEPT_ID1_0_0_,
        department1_.DEPT_NAME as DEPT_NAM2_0_0_,
        department1_.MGR_ID as MGR_ID3_0_0_ 
    from
        MANAGERS manager0_ 
    left outer join
        DEPARTMENTS department1_ 
            on manager0_.MGR_ID=department1_.DEPT_ID 
    where
        manager0_.MGR_ID=?
注意这个sql

在导航查询时,会出现这种不正确的左外连接查询 :on manager0_.MGR_ID=department1_.DEPT_ID ,当然如果你侥幸设置的是department与manager同时插入,则他们的id号可能相同,那么你的结果也可能正确,但是这样的id号明显不能匹配查询。

而正确的查询应该是:on manager0_.MGR_ID=department1_.MGR_ID 

 

二、使用注意:

1.插入时:同样遵循之前n-1时的插入原则,先插入1的一端,再插入多的一端。因为这种基于外键的双向1-1关联关系的映射,在一端的配置,仍然是many-to-one的形式,所以,我们插入时需要先插入one一端的对象。

   例如:本文例中的,one 为 Manager,所以插入时,先session.save(manager);在session.save(department);

hibernate自动生成的sql如下:

Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        MANAGERS
        (MGR_NAME) 
    values
        (?)
Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        DEPARTMENTS
        (DEPT_NAME, MGR_ID) 
    values
        (?, ?)
插入sql

  若先插入department,再插入manager,会多出update,与之前n-1的情况相同。

hibernate自动生成的sql如下:

Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        DEPARTMENTS
        (DEPT_NAME, MGR_ID) 
    values
        (?, ?)
Hibernate: 
    insert 
    into
        MANAGERS
        (MGR_NAME) 
    values
        (?)
Hibernate: 
    update
        DEPARTMENTS 
    set
        DEPT_NAME=?,
        MGR_ID=? 
    where
        DEPT_ID=?
插入sql

2.查询时:

若先查询Department,由department再获取对应的Manager,则会发送3条sql,获取department时发送1条,(懒加载),获取manager时,发送两条。

department = session.get(Department.class, 1);

若先查询Manager,由manager再获取对应的department,则只会发送1条sql,并且在获取manager时,就已经将对应的department初始化。(并没有用懒加载)

manager = session.get(Manager.class, 2);

 

(学习记录,错误不足之处,请您耐心指正^_^)

posted @ 2015-12-25 11:06  zhouzz  阅读(596)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报