gin系列- 渲染
Gin渲染
HTML渲染
#main.go
package main
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/**/*") //模板解析
//r.LoadHTMLFiles("templates/posts/index.html", "templates/users/index.html")
r.GET("/posts/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
//HTTP请求
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "posts/index.html", gin.H{ //模板渲染
"title": "zisefeizhu",
})
})
r.GET("/users/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
//HTTP请求
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "users/index.html", gin.H{ //模板渲染
"title": "jingxing",
})
})
r.Run(":9090") //启动server
}
#posts/index.html
{{define "posts/index.html"}}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>posts/index</title>
</head>
<body>
{{.title}}
</body>
</html>
{{end}}
#users/index.html
{{define "users/index.html"}}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>users/index</title>
</head>
<body>
{{.title}}
</body>
</html>
{{end}}
自定义模板函数
#main.go
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"html/template"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
//gin框架给模板添加自定义函数
r.SetFuncMap(template.FuncMap{
"safe": func(str string) template.HTML{
return template.HTML(str)
},
})
r.LoadHTMLGlob("./index.tmpl")
r.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "index.tmpl", "<a href='https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/'>zisefeizhu的博客</a>")
})
r.Run(":9090") //启动server
}
在index.tmpl中使用定义好的safe模板函数
#index.tmpl
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<title>修改模板引擎的标识符</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>{{ . | safe }}</div>
</body>
</html>
静态文件处理
#main.go
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"html/template"
"net/http"
)
//静态文件
//html 页面上用到的样式文件.css js文件 图片
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
//加载静态文件
r.Static("/static", "./static")
r.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/**/*")
r.GET("/users/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
//HTTP请求
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "users/index.html", gin.H{ //模板渲染
"title": "jingxing",
})
})
r.Run(":9090") //启动server
}
#index.html 注意css 和js的配置 head body
{{define "users/index.html"}}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/index.css">
<title>users/index</title>
</head>
<body>
{{.title}}
<script src="/static/index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
{{end}}
#index.js
alert(123);
#index.css
body {
background-color: cadetblue;
}
例子
下载：http://sc.chinaz.com/moban/191216115340.htm#down
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"html/template"
"net/http"
)
//静态文件
//html 页面上用到的样式文件.css js文件 图片
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
//加载静态文件
r.Static("/static", "./static")
r.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/**/*")
//返回从网上下载的模板
r.GET("/home", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "index.html", nil)
})
r.Run(":9090") //启动server
}
index.html 改css js png路径为static
JSON渲染
package main
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.GET("/json", func(c *gin.Context) {
//方法1 使用map
data := map[string]interface{}{
"name": "zisefeizhu",
"message": "hello world",
"age": 18,
}
//方法2 字节拼接json //gin.H 就是map类型
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
"name": "jingxing",
"message": "hello world",
"age": 18,
})
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, data)
//方法3 使用结构体
//使用结构体
//灵活使用tag对结构体字段做定制化操作
type msg struct{ //字段要外部访问不能小写
Name string `json:"user"`
Message string
Age int
}
data3 := msg{
Name: "yike",
Message: "hello world",
Age: 21,
}
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, data3) //json的序列化
})
r.Run(":9090")
}
获取querystring参数
多用于Get请求
package main
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"net/http"
)
//querystring
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
//GET请求URL ？后面的是querystring参数
//key=value格式，多个key-value用&连接
///web?query=zisefeizhu&age=22
r.GET("/web", func(c *gin.Context) {
////获取浏览器发请求携带的query String 参数
//方式1
name := c.Query("query") //通过Query获取请求中携带的querystring参数
age := c.Query("age")
//方式2
//name := c.DefaultQuery("query","nothing") //取不到用nothing
//方式3
//name, ok := c.GetQuery("query") //取到返回(值, true)，取不到返回("",false)
//if !ok {
// //取不到
// name = "nothing"
//}
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
"name" : name,
"age" : age,
})
})
r.Run(":9090")
}
获取form参数
POST请求
package main
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"net/http"
)
//获取form表单提交的参数
//一次请求对应一次响应
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.LoadHTMLFiles("./login.html","./index.html")
r.GET("/login", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "login.html",nil)
})
//login post
r.POST("/login", func(c *gin.Context) {
//获取form表单提交的数据
//方法1
//username := c.PostForm("username")
//password := c.PostForm("password") //取到就返回值，取不到就返回空字符串
//方法2 后面是默认值
//username := c.DefaultPostForm("username","nothing")
//password := c.DefaultPostForm("password", "123456")
//方法3
username, ok := c.GetPostForm("username")
if !ok {
username = "zisefeizhu"
}
password, ok := c.GetPostForm("password")
if !ok{
password = "xxx"
}
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "index.html", gin.H{
"Name": username,
"Password": password,
})
})
r.Run(":9090")
}
获取URI路径参数
package main
//注意uri的匹配不要冲突
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.GET("/user/:name/:age", func(c *gin.Context) {
//获取路径参数
name := c.Param("name")
age := c.Param("age") //string类型
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
"name": name,
"age": age,
})
})
r.GET("/blog/:year/:month", func(c *gin.Context) {
year := c.Param("year")
month := c.Param("month")
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
"year": year,
"month": month,
})
})
r.Run(":9090")
}
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