移动审批工作流设计与实现

在企业中，大部分重要的业务需要进行审批，由于具有决定权的领导者事务繁忙或者受环境或低于限制，没法通过互联网进行工作处理。

移动审批，通过手机方便快捷地登陆企业内部网及互联网，即使处于无线的状态下，也能进行远程办公，以此来提高对于突发事件的反应能力，提升企业竞争力。

这篇文章我将使用iPhone作为移动终端进行设计与实现，iPhone引入了基于大型多触点显示屏和领先性新软件的全新用户界面，让用户用手指即可控制iPhone。iPhone还开创了移动设备软件尖端功能的新纪元，重新定义了移动电话的功能。iPhone开发中，除了比较复杂的游戏开发，还有一种就是跟数据库打交道的应用程序，这可以在本文中得到体现。

WF4.0是微软提供的一套工作流开发框架，里面包含：流程设计器，各种类型封装好的工作流活动，持久化服务，WCF服务等功能。这篇文章我将结合iPhone+WF4.0实现移动审批工作流。通过一个简单的例子你可以清楚的看到与数据库相关的iPhone应用程序的开发，以及使用iPhone+WCF+WF实现移动审批的各种关键技术的使用。

设计架构图：由于是使用了WCF的restful服务，所以其它手机平台也会很方便使用此工作流服务。

iPhone客户端的表单可以通过从服务端设计的表单结构的XML动态产生。

下面通过一个简单的请假流程说明如何实现：

用例流程图：

上面的流程大致为：申请人在iPhone上打开请假流程，填写姓名和请假天数，点击提交，这个流程将走到他的上级，上级进行审批，并将审批结果通过短信知道申请者。

参考上图,通过WF4.0设计器设计一个流程，如下图：

下面我使用WCF将此流程封装到restful服务中。

wcf restful服务设计如下：

[ServiceContract]
publicinterface IRestServiceImpl
{
///<summary>
/// 获取未审核列表
///</summary>
///<returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method ="GET",
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped,
UriTemplate ="getleavelist")]
List<Leave> GetLeaveList();
///<summary>
/// 启动流程
///</summary>
///<param name="name"></param>
///<param name="day"></param>
///<returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method ="POST",
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml,
BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped,
UriTemplate ="createleave/{name}/{day}")]
string CreateLSeave(string name, string day);

///<summary>
/// 审批流程
///</summary>
///<param name="id"></param>
///<param name="comment"></param>
///<returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method ="POST",
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml,
BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped,
UriTemplate ="auditingleave/{id}/{comment}")]
string AuditingLeave(string id, string comment);
}

数据库设计：

1、WF持久化数据表：使用WF自带的数据表。

2、业务数据表：请假单，设计如下：

WF流程启动和运行代码：

publicclass WorkFlowProcess
{
staticstring constring ="Data Source=PC-ZHUQL\\ZHUQL;Initial Catalog=TestDB;Integrated Security=True;Pooling=False";
static AutoResetEvent instanceUnloaded =new AutoResetEvent(false);

static Hashtable InstanceHashtable =new Hashtable();

publicstaticstring RunInstance(Guid ID,string Comment)
{
SqlWorkflowInstanceStore instanceStore =new SqlWorkflowInstanceStore(constring);
WorkflowApplication application1 =new WorkflowApplication(new LeaveProcess());
application1.InstanceStore = instanceStore;
application1.Completed = (workflowApplicationCompletedEventArgs) =>
{
Console.WriteLine("\nWorkflowApplication has Completed in the {0} state.", workflowApplicationCompletedEventArgs.CompletionState);
};
application1.Unloaded = (workflowApplicationEventArgs) =>
{
Console.WriteLine("WorkflowApplication has Unloaded\n");
instanceUnloaded.Set();
};
application1.Load(ID);
application1.ResumeBookmark("Check", Comment);
instanceUnloaded.WaitOne();
return"success";
}

// creates a workflow application, binds parameters, links extensions and run it
publicstaticstring CreateAndRun(string LeaveName, int LeaveDay)
{
SqlWorkflowInstanceStore instanceStore =new SqlWorkflowInstanceStore(constring);

InstanceView view = instanceStore.Execute(instanceStore.CreateInstanceHandle(), new CreateWorkflowOwnerCommand(), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));

instanceStore.DefaultInstanceOwner = view.InstanceOwner;

IDictionary<string, object> input =new Dictionary<string, object>
{
{ "LeaveName" , LeaveName },
{ "LeaveDay" , LeaveDay }
};

WorkflowApplication application =new WorkflowApplication(new LeaveProcess(), input);

application.InstanceStore = instanceStore;

application.PersistableIdle = (e) =>
{
instanceUnloaded.Set();
return PersistableIdleAction.Unload;

};

application.Unloaded = (e) =>
{

instanceUnloaded.Set();

};
application.OnUnhandledException = (ex) =>
{
Console.Write("Exception");
return UnhandledExceptionAction.Terminate;
};
Guid id = application.Id;
application.Run();
instanceUnloaded.WaitOne();
return"success";
}

// executed when instance is persisted
publicstaticvoid OnWorkflowCompleted(WorkflowApplicationCompletedEventArgs e)
{
}

// executed when instance goes idle
publicstaticvoid OnIdle(WorkflowApplicationIdleEventArgs e)
{
}

publicstatic PersistableIdleAction OnIdleAndPersistable(WorkflowApplicationIdleEventArgs e)
{
return PersistableIdleAction.Persist;
}
}

iPhone客户端调用：

在前一篇文章：iPhone中调用WCF RESTFUL Service，讲解了iPhone中如何调用WCF restful服务，下面用启动流程为例说明：

-(IBAction) btnSender:(id)sender
{
NSString * urlString =@"http://10.5.23.117:8008/RestServiceImpl.svc/createleave/%@/%@";
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:urlString,txtName.text,txtDay.text]];
ASIHTTPRequest *request = [ASIHTTPRequest requestWithURL:url];
[request setRequestMethod:@"POST"];
[request startSynchronous];
NSError *error = [request error];
if (!error) {
NSString *response = [request responseString];
UIAlertView *alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"杩斿洖缁撴灉"
message:@"鎻愪氦鎴愬姛"
delegate:nil
cancelButtonTitle:@"OK"
otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alertView show];
[alertView release];
}
}

iPhone界面设计：

1、启动流程界面：