centOS操作系统下如何安装yum

1、查看已安装的yum

rpm -qa|grep yum

2、删除已有的yum

rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

3、下载以下安装包

wget http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

wget http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm

如果找不到以上版本，可以到http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/下载最新版本

4、安装

rpm -ivh python-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64.rpm python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm --nodeps --force

rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

rpm -ivh yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm --nodeps --force

5、更改yum源

1）备份、下载配置文件

a.首先备份/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

b.到该网站http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html下载配置文件，重命名为CentOS-Base.repo， 放入/etc/yum.repos.d/(操作前请做好相应备份)

CentOS7

CentOS6

CentOS5

c.运行以下命令更新缓存

yum clean all
yum makecache

2）修改配置文件

a.运行命令，打开CentOS-Base.repo文件

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

vim CentOS-Base.repo

b.将以下内容更换CentOS-Base.repo里面的内容

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
# mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
# mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
# mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7