实验1
//任务1
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <string> 3 #include <vector> 4 #include <algorithm> 5 6 using namespace std; 7 8 //声明 9 //模板函数声明 10 11 template<typename T> 12 void output(const T &c); 13 14 //普通函数声明 15 void test1(); 16 void test2(); 17 void test3(); 18 19 int main() { 20 cout << "测试1:\n"; 21 test1(); 22 23 cout << "测试2:\n"; 24 test2(); 25 26 cout << "测试3:\n"; 27 test3(); 28 29 return 0; 30 } 31 32 //函数实现 33 //输出容器对象c中的元素 34 template <typename T> 35 void output(const T &c) { 36 for (auto &i : c) 37 cout << i << " "; 38 cout << endl; 39 } 40 41 //测试1 42 //组合使用算法库、迭代器、string反转字符串 43 void test1() { 44 string s0 {"0123456789"}; 45 cout << "s0:" << s0 <<endl; 46 47 string s1{s0}; 48 reverse(s1.begin(),s1.end()); 49 cout << "s1:" <<s1<<endl; 50 51 string s2{s0}; 52 reverse_copy(s1.begin(),s1.end(),s2.begin()); 53 cout << "s2:" << s2 <<endl; 54 } 55 56 //测试2 57 //组合使用算法器、迭代器、vector反转动态数组对象vector内数据 58 void test2(){ 59 vector <int> v0 {0,1,2,3,4,5,6}; 60 cout << "v0:" ; 61 output(v0); 62 63 vector <int> v1{v0}; 64 reverse(v1.begin(),v1.end()); 65 cout << "v1:"; 66 output(v1); 67 68 vector <int> v2(v0); 69 reverse_copy(v1.begin(),v1.end(),v2.begin()); 70 cout << "v2:"; 71 output(v2); 72 } 73 74 //测试3 75 //组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector实现元素旋转位移 76 void test3(){ 77 vector <int> v0{0,1,2,3,4,5}; 78 cout<<"v0:"; 79 output(v0); 80 81 vector <int> v1{v0}; 82 rotate(v1.begin(),v1.begin()+1,v1.end()); 83 //旋转指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(),v1.end())之间的数据项，旋转后从迭代器v1。begin（）+1位置的数据项开始 84 cout << "v1"; 85 output(v1); 86 87 vector <int> v2{v0}; 88 rotate(v2.begin(),v2.begin()+2,v2.end()); 89 cout << "v2:"; 90 output(v2); 91 92 vector <int> v3{v0}; 93 rotate(v3.begin(),v3.end()-1,v3.end()); 94 cout << "v3:"; 95 output(v3); 96 97 vector <int> v4{v0}; 98 rotate(v4.begin(),v4.end()-2,v4.end()); 99 cout << "v4:"; 100 output(v4); 101 }
运行结果：
任务2
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <vector> 3 #include <string> 4 #include <algorithm> 5 #include <numeric> 6 #include <iomanip> 7 8 using namespace std; 9 10 // 函数声明 11 // 模板函数声明 12 template<typename T> 13 void output(const T &c); 14 15 // 普通函数声明 16 int rand_int_100(); 17 void test1(); 18 void test2(); 19 20 int main() { 21 cout << "测试1: \n"; 22 test1(); 23 24 cout << "\n测试2: \n"; 25 test2(); 26 } 27 28 // 函数实现 29 // 输出容器对象c中的元素 30 template <typename T> 31 void output(const T &c) { 32 for(auto &i: c) 33 cout << i << " "; 34 cout << endl; 35 } 36 37 // 返回[0, 100]区间内的一个随机整数 38 int rand_int_100() { 39 return rand() % 101; 40 } 41 42 // 测试1 43 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、排序 44 void test1() { 45 vector<int> v0(10); // 创建一个动态数组对象v0, 对象大小为10 46 generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); // 产生[0, 100]之间的随机整数赋值给指定迭代器区间[v0.begin(), v0.end())内的每个数据项 47 cout << "v0: "; 48 output(v0); 49 50 vector<int> v1{v0}; 51 sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())内数据项进行升序排序 52 cout << "v1: "; 53 output(v1); 54 55 vector<int> v2{v0}; 56 sort(v2.begin()+1, v2.end()-1); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1)内数据项进行升序排序 57 cout << "v2: "; 58 output(v2); 59 } 60 61 // 测试2 62 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、计算最大值/最小值/均值 63 void test2() { 64 vector<int> v0(10); 65 generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); 66 cout << "v0: "; 67 output(v0); 68 69 auto iter1 = min_element(v0.begin(), v0.end()); 70 cout << "最小值: " << *iter1 << endl; 71 72 auto iter2 = max_element(v0.begin(), v0.end()); 73 cout << "最大值: " << *iter2 << endl; 74 75 auto ans = minmax_element(v0.begin(), v0.end()); 76 cout << "最小值: " << *(ans.first) << endl; 77 cout << "最大值: " << *(ans.second) << endl; 78 double avg1 = accumulate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), 0)/v0.size(); 79 cout << "均值: " << fixed << setprecision(2) << avg1 << endl; 80 81 cout << endl; 82 83 vector<int> v1{v0}; 84 cout << "v0: "; 85 output(v0); 86 sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); 87 double avg2 = accumulate(v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1, 0)/(v1.size()-2); 88 cout << "去掉最大值、最小值之后，均值: " << avg2 << endl; 89 }
运行结果：
任务3：
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <string> 3 #include <algorithm> 4 5 bool is_palindrome(std::string s); 6 7 int main(){ 8 using namespace std; 9 string s; 10 11 12 while(cin>>s)//输入多组。直到按下Ctrl+Z后结束测试 13 cout << boolalpha << is_palindrome(s) <<endl; 14 } 15 16 //函数is_palindrome定义 17 bool is_palindrome(std::string s) { 18 int i = 0; 19 int j = s.size()-1; 20 while(i<j) { 21 if (s[i]==s[j]) 22 i++,j--; 23 else 24 return false; 25 } 26 if(i<=j) 27 return true; 28 }
运行结果：
任务4：
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <string> 3 #include <algorithm> 4 #include <cstdio> 5 #include <stack> 6 7 void dec2n(int x,int n = 2); 8 char Int2Char(int target); 9 using namespace std; 10 int main(){ 11 using namespace std; 12 int x; 13 while (cin>>x){ 14 cout <<"十进制:" <<x<<endl; 15 cout <<"二进制:" ; 16 dec2n(x); 17 cout <<"八进制:" ; 18 dec2n(x,8); 19 cout <<"十六进制:"; 20 dec2n(x,16); 21 } 22 } 23 24 char Int2Char(int target) { 25 if (target<10) 26 return target +'0' ; 27 else 28 return target - 10 +'A'; 29 } 30 //函数dec2n定义 31 void dec2n(int x,int n) { 32 stack<char> s; 33 if (x == 0) 34 s.push(0); 35 else{ 36 while(x){ 37 s.push(Int2Char(x%n)); 38 x /= n; 39 } 40 } 41 42 while(!s.empty()) { 43 printf("%c",s.top()); 44 s.pop(); 45 } 46 cout<<""<<endl; 47 48 }
运行结果：
任务5：
1 #include<iostream> 2 #include<string> 3 #include<iomanip> 4 using namespace std; 5 int main(){ 6 7 8 9 10 char a; 11 cout<<setw(2)<<' '; 12 for (int i =0;i< 26;i++) 13 { 14 a='a'+i; 15 cout <<setw(2) <<a; 16 17 } 18 cout << endl; 19 20 for (int i=1;i<27;i++) 21 { 22 cout <<setw(2)<<i; 23 for (int j=0;j<26;j++) 24 { 25 int t=(i+j)%26; 26 a='A'+t; 27 cout<<setw(2)<<a; 28 } 29 cout<<endl; 30 } 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 return 0 ; 38 }
运行结果：
任务6：
1 #include <iostream> 2 #include <cstdlib> 3 #include <ctime> 4 #include <iomanip> 5 6 // 生成随机算术运算题目 7 int num1, num2; 8 char op; 9 std::string generateQuestion() { 10 std::srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(std::time(nullptr))); 11 op = static_cast<char>("+-*/"[std::rand() % 4]); 12 num1 = std::rand() % 10 + 1; 13 num2 = std::rand() % 10 + 1; 14 15 if (op == '-') { 16 while (num1 <= num2) { 17 num1 = std::rand() % 10 + 1; 18 num2 = std::rand() % 10 + 1; 19 } 20 } 21 22 if (op == '/') { 23 while (num1 % num2!= 0) { 24 num1 = std::rand() % 10 + 1; 25 num2 = std::rand() % 10 + 1; 26 } 27 } 28 29 std::string question = std::to_string(num1) + " " + op + " " + std::to_string(num2) + " = "; 30 return question; 31 } 32 33 int main() { 34 int correctCount = 0; 35 int totalCount = 10; 36 37 for (int i = 0; i < totalCount; ++i) { 38 std::string question = generateQuestion(); 39 std::cout << question; 40 int userAnswer; 41 std::cin >> userAnswer; 42 43 int correctAnswer; 44 if (op == '+') { 45 correctAnswer = num1 + num2; 46 } else if (op == '-') { 47 correctAnswer = num1 - num2; 48 } else if (op == '*') { 49 correctAnswer = num1 * num2; 50 } else if (op == '/') { 51 correctAnswer = num1 / num2; 52 } 53 54 if (userAnswer == correctAnswer) { 55 correctCount++; 56 } 57 } 58 59 double accuracy = static_cast<double>(correctCount) / totalCount * 100; 60 std::cout << "正确率为：" << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << accuracy << "%" << std::endl; 61 62 return 0; 63 }
运行结果：
