HDU-4089 Activation 概率DP

  题目链接:http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=4089

  开始方程想错T^T,题解见下面。。。

  dp[i][j]表示队列中有i个人,Tomato排在第j个,能发生所求事件的概率。
  显然,dp[n][m]即为所求。
    j == 1 : dp[i][1] = p1*dp[i][1] + p2*dp[i][i]   + p4;
    2<=j<=k: dp[i][j] = p1*dp[i][j] + p2*dp[i][j-1] + p3*dp[i-1][j-1] + p4;
    j > k  : dp[i][j] = p1*dp[i][j] + p2*dp[i][j-1] + p3*dp[i-1][j-1];
  化简:
    j == 1 : dp[i][1] = p*dp[i][i]   + p41;
    2<=j<=k: dp[i][j] = p*dp[i][j-1] + p31*dp[i-1][j-1] + p41;
    j > k  : dp[i][j] = p*dp[i][j-1] + p31*dp[i-1][j-1];
  其中:
    p   = p2 / (1 - p1);
    p31 = p3 / (1 - p1);
    p41 = p4 / (1 - p1);
  现在可以循环 i = 1 -> n 递推求解dp[i],所以在求dp[i]时,dp[i-1]就相当于常数了,
  设dp[i][j]的常数项为c[j]:
    j == 1 : dp[i][1] = p*dp[i][i]   + c[1];
    2<=j<=k: dp[i][j] = p*dp[i][j-1] + c[j];
    j > k  : dp[i][j] = p*dp[i][j-1] + c[j];
  在求dp[i]时,就相当于求“i元1次方程组”:
    dp[i][1] = p*dp[i][i] + c[1];
    dp[i][2] = p*dp[i][1] + c[2];
    dp[i][3] = p*dp[i][2] + c[3];
    ...

    dp[i][i] = p*dp[i][i-1] + c[i];

 1 //STATUS:C++_AC_453MS_22988KB
 2 #include <functional>
 3 #include <algorithm>
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 //#include <ext/rope>
 6 #include <fstream>
 7 #include <sstream>
 8 #include <iomanip>
 9 #include <numeric>
10 #include <cstring>
11 #include <cassert>
12 #include <cstdio>
13 #include <string>
14 #include <vector>
15 #include <bitset>
16 #include <queue>
17 #include <stack>
18 #include <cmath>
19 #include <ctime>
20 #include <list>
21 #include <set>
22 #include <map>
23 using namespace std;
24 //#pragma comment(linker,"/STACK:102400000,102400000")
25 //using namespace __gnu_cxx;
26 //define
27 #define pii pair<int,int>
28 #define mem(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))
29 #define lson l,mid,rt<<1
30 #define rson mid+1,r,rt<<1|1
31 #define PI acos(-1.0)
32 //typedef
33 typedef __int64 LL;
34 typedef unsigned __int64 ULL;
35 //const
36 const int N=2010;
37 const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
38 const int MOD= 1000000007,STA=8000010;
39 const LL LNF=1LL<<55;
40 const double EPS=1e-9;
41 const double OO=1e30;
42 const int dx[4]={-1,0,1,0};
43 const int dy[4]={0,1,0,-1};
44 const int day[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
45 //Daily Use ...
46 inline int sign(double x){return (x>EPS)-(x<-EPS);}
47 template<class T> T gcd(T a,T b){return b?gcd(b,a%b):a;}
48 template<class T> T lcm(T a,T b){return a/gcd(a,b)*b;}
49 template<class T> inline T lcm(T a,T b,T d){return a/d*b;}
50 template<class T> inline T Min(T a,T b){return a<b?a:b;}
51 template<class T> inline T Max(T a,T b){return a>b?a:b;}
52 template<class T> inline T Min(T a,T b,T c){return min(min(a, b),c);}
53 template<class T> inline T Max(T a,T b,T c){return max(max(a, b),c);}
54 template<class T> inline T Min(T a,T b,T c,T d){return min(min(a, b),min(c,d));}
55 template<class T> inline T Max(T a,T b,T c,T d){return max(max(a, b),max(c,d));}
56 //End
57 
58 double pp[N],f[N][N],c[N];
59 int n,m,k;
60 double p1,p2,p3,p4;
61 
62 int main(){
63  //   freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
64     int i,j;
65     double p21,p31,p41,t;
66     while(~scanf("%d%d%d%lf%lf%lf%lf",&n,&m,&k,&p1,&p2,&p3,&p4))
67     {
68         if(sign(p4)==0){
69             printf("0.00000\n");
70             continue;
71         }
72         p21=p2/(1-p1);
73         p31=p3/(1-p1);
74         p41=p4/(1-p1);
75         pp[0]=1;
76         for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
77             pp[i]=pp[i-1]*p21;
78         f[1][1]=p41/(1-p21);
79         for(i=2;i<=n;i++){
80             c[1]=p41;
81             for(j=2;j<=i && j<=k;j++)c[j]=f[i-1][j-1]*p31+p41;
82             for(;j<=i && j<=n;j++)c[j]=f[i-1][j-1]*p31;
83             t=0;
84             for(j=1;j<=i;j++)t+=pp[i-j]*c[j];
85             f[i][i]=t/(1-pp[i]);
86             f[i][1]=p21*f[i][i]+c[1];
87             for(j=2;j<i;j++)f[i][j]=p21*f[i][j-1]+c[j];
88         }
89 
90         printf("%.5lf\n",f[n][m]);
91     }
92     return 0;
93 }

 

posted @ 2013-08-07 22:32  zhsl  阅读(239)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报