Java图形化界面GUI:初接触

简介
图形用户界面(Graphical User Interface,简称 GUI,又称图形用户接口)是指采用图形方式显示的计算机操作用户界面。
JavaGUI核心技术: Swing,AWT;
JavaGUI缺点: 界面不美观,需要jre环境;

为什么要学习?

可以写出自己心中想要的小工具
工作可能需要维护Swing界面,概率极小
了解MVC架构,了解监听
AWT
包含了很多类和接口 GUI的
元素:窗口,按钮,文本框
包:java.awt


————————————————

  1. Frame
  2. Panel面板
  3. 布局管理器
package com.zdz.gui;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //textFrame();
        //testPanel();
        //testFlowLayout();
        //testBorderLayout();
        //testGridLayout();
        demo();
    }

    public static void textFrame(){
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图形化界面");

        //需要设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(500,500);

        //设置背景色
        frame.setBackground( new Color(221, 233, 255));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);

        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.blue);
    }

    public static void testPanel(){
        Frame frame = new Frame("Panel演示");
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(187, 255, 76));

        //Panel设置坐标,相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(203, 172, 255));

        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件,监听窗口关闭事件
        //适配器模式:
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口关闭时要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

    //流式布局
    public static void testFlowLayout(){
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        Button button4 = new Button("button4");

        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());//流式布局
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.add(button4);

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
    //东南西北中
    public static void testBorderLayout(){
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(400,400);

    }
    //表格布局
    public static void testGridLayout(){
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGirdLayout");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.pack();
        //frame.setSize(400,400);
    }

    public static void demo(){
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setSize(500,350);
        frame.setLocation(500,500);
        frame.setBackground(Color.blue);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));

        //4个面板
        Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));

        //上面4个
        panel1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面4个
        panel3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
            panel4.add(new Button("btn"+i));
        }
        panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.add(panel1);
        frame.add(panel3);

        //监听
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id=0;//可能存在多个窗口,我们需要一个计数器

    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame"+(++id));
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(w,h);
        setBackground(color);
        setLocation(x,y);
        setResizable(false);
    }

}

 

 


版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「张生说」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/zhangduang1/article/details/114897778

posted @ 2021-03-17 08:42  廉价劳动力竟是我自己  阅读(233)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报