使用java api操作hbase数据库
hbase提供了java操作它的接口，直接导入它的lib，下面直接上代码,需要注意的是要使用hbase，必须先启动hadoop。
package cn.zit.bigdata.hbase;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.BinaryComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.BinaryPrefixComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.ByteArrayComparable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.ColumnPrefixFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.CompareFilter.CompareOp;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.FamilyFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.Filter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.MultipleColumnPrefixFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.PrefixFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.QualifierFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.RegexStringComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.RowFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.SingleColumnValueFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.SubstringComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
public class HbaseDemo {
private Configuration conf = null;
/**
* 初始化加载配置
* **/
@Before
public void init(){
/**拿到conf**/
conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
/**zookeeper集群配置的地址***/
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "weekend05,weekend06,weekend07");
}
/**
* 删除表
* **/
@Test
public void testDrop() throws Exception{
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
/**
* 删除表先disable再delete
* **/
admin.disableTable("account");
admin.deleteTable("account");
admin.close();
}
/**
* 向表中新增数据
* */
@Test
public void testPut() throws Exception{
HTable table = new HTable(conf, "person_info");
Put p = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000002"));
p.add("base_info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), "zhangwuji".getBytes());
table.put(p);
table.close();
}
/**
* 查询表中某列数据
* */
@Test
public void testGet() throws Exception{
HTable table = new HTable(conf, "person_info");
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000001"));
get.setMaxVersions(5);
Result result = table.get(get);
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
// result.getValue(family, qualifier); 可以从result中直接取出一个特定的value
//遍历出result中所有的键值对
for(KeyValue kv : result.list()){
String family = new String(kv.getFamily());
System.out.println(family);
String qualifier = new String(kv.getQualifier());
System.out.println(qualifier);
System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
}
table.close();
}
/**
* 多种过滤条件的使用方法
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testScan() throws Exception{
HTable table = new HTable(conf, "person_info".getBytes());
Scan scan = new Scan(Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000001"), Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000002"));
//前缀过滤器----针对行键
Filter filter = new PrefixFilter(Bytes.toBytes("rk"));
//行过滤器
ByteArrayComparable rowComparator = new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000001"));
RowFilter rf = new RowFilter(CompareOp.LESS_OR_EQUAL, rowComparator);
/**
* 假设rowkey格式为：创建日期_发布日期_ID_TITLE
* 目标：查找 发布日期 为 2014-12-21 的数据
*/
rf = new RowFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL , new SubstringComparator("_2014-12-21_"));
//单值过滤器 1 完整匹配字节数组
new SingleColumnValueFilter("base_info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), CompareOp.EQUAL, "zhangsan".getBytes());
//单值过滤器2 匹配正则表达式
ByteArrayComparable comparator = new RegexStringComparator("zhang.");
new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "NAME".getBytes(), CompareOp.EQUAL, comparator);
//单值过滤器2 匹配是否包含子串,大小写不敏感
comparator = new SubstringComparator("wu");
new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "NAME".getBytes(), CompareOp.EQUAL, comparator);
//键值对元数据过滤-----family过滤----字节数组完整匹配
FamilyFilter ff = new FamilyFilter(
CompareOp.EQUAL ,
new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("base_info")) //表中不存在inf列族，过滤结果为空
);
//键值对元数据过滤-----family过滤----字节数组前缀匹配
ff = new FamilyFilter(
CompareOp.EQUAL ,
new BinaryPrefixComparator(Bytes.toBytes("inf")) //表中存在以inf打头的列族info，过滤结果为该列族所有行
);
//键值对元数据过滤-----qualifier过滤----字节数组完整匹配
filter = new QualifierFilter(
CompareOp.EQUAL ,
new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("na")) //表中不存在na列，过滤结果为空
);
filter = new QualifierFilter(
CompareOp.EQUAL ,
new BinaryPrefixComparator(Bytes.toBytes("na")) //表中存在以na打头的列name，过滤结果为所有行的该列数据
);
//基于列名(即Qualifier)前缀过滤数据的ColumnPrefixFilter
filter = new ColumnPrefixFilter("na".getBytes());
//基于列名(即Qualifier)多个前缀过滤数据的MultipleColumnPrefixFilter
byte[][] prefixes = new byte[][] {Bytes.toBytes("na"), Bytes.toBytes("me")};
filter = new MultipleColumnPrefixFilter(prefixes);
//为查询设置过滤条件
scan.setFilter(filter);
scan.addFamily(Bytes.toBytes("base_info"));
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result r : scanner){
/**
for(KeyValue kv : r.list()){
String family = new String(kv.getFamily());
System.out.println(family);
String qualifier = new String(kv.getQualifier());
System.out.println(qualifier);
System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
}
*/
//直接从result中取到某个特定的value
byte[] value = r.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("base_info"), Bytes.toBytes("name"));
System.out.println(new String(value));
}
table.close();
}
/**
* 删除表中指定的列
* **/
@Test
public void testDel() throws Exception{
HTable table = new HTable(conf, "user");
Delete del = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes("rk0001"));
del.deleteColumn(Bytes.toBytes("data"), Bytes.toBytes("pic"));
table.delete(del);
table.close();
}
/**
* 创建表
* */
@Test
public void testCreate() throws Exception {
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf("person_info");
HTableDescriptor td = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
HColumnDescriptor cd = new HColumnDescriptor("base_info");
cd.setMaxVersions(10);
td.addFamily(cd);
admin.createTable(td);
admin.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
// conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "weekend05:2181,weekend06:2181,weekend07:2181");
}
}
