使用java api操作hbase数据库

hbase提供了java操作它的接口，直接导入它的lib，下面直接上代码,需要注意的是要使用hbase，必须先启动hadoop。

package cn.zit.bigdata.hbase;


import java.util.List;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.BinaryComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.BinaryPrefixComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.ByteArrayComparable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.ColumnPrefixFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.CompareFilter.CompareOp;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.FamilyFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.Filter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.MultipleColumnPrefixFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.PrefixFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.QualifierFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.RegexStringComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.RowFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.SingleColumnValueFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.SubstringComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class HbaseDemo {

	private Configuration conf = null;
	
	
	/**
	 * 初始化加载配置
	 * **/
	@Before
	public void init(){
		/**拿到conf**/
		conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
		/**zookeeper集群配置的地址***/
		conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "weekend05,weekend06,weekend07");
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 删除表
	 * **/
	@Test
	public void testDrop() throws Exception{
		HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
		/**
		 * 删除表先disable再delete
		 * **/
		admin.disableTable("account");
		admin.deleteTable("account");
		admin.close();
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 向表中新增数据
	 * */
	@Test
	public void testPut() throws Exception{
		HTable table = new HTable(conf, "person_info");
		Put p = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000002"));
		p.add("base_info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), "zhangwuji".getBytes());
		table.put(p);
		table.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 查询表中某列数据
	 * */
	@Test
	public void testGet() throws Exception{
		HTable table = new HTable(conf, "person_info");
		Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000001"));
		get.setMaxVersions(5);
		Result result = table.get(get);
		List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
		
//			result.getValue(family, qualifier);  可以从result中直接取出一个特定的value
		
		//遍历出result中所有的键值对
		for(KeyValue kv : result.list()){
			String family = new String(kv.getFamily());
			System.out.println(family);
			String qualifier = new String(kv.getQualifier());
			System.out.println(qualifier);
			System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
			
		}
		table.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 多种过滤条件的使用方法
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void testScan() throws Exception{
		HTable table = new HTable(conf, "person_info".getBytes());
		Scan scan = new Scan(Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000001"), Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000002"));
		
		//前缀过滤器----针对行键
		Filter filter = new PrefixFilter(Bytes.toBytes("rk"));
		
		//行过滤器
		ByteArrayComparable rowComparator = new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("person_rk_bj_zhang_000001"));
		RowFilter rf = new RowFilter(CompareOp.LESS_OR_EQUAL, rowComparator);
		
		/**
         * 假设rowkey格式为：创建日期_发布日期_ID_TITLE
         * 目标：查找  发布日期  为  2014-12-21  的数据
         */
        rf = new RowFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL , new SubstringComparator("_2014-12-21_"));
		
		
		//单值过滤器 1 完整匹配字节数组
		new SingleColumnValueFilter("base_info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), CompareOp.EQUAL, "zhangsan".getBytes());
		//单值过滤器2 匹配正则表达式
		ByteArrayComparable comparator = new RegexStringComparator("zhang.");
		new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "NAME".getBytes(), CompareOp.EQUAL, comparator);

		//单值过滤器2 匹配是否包含子串,大小写不敏感
		comparator = new SubstringComparator("wu");
		new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "NAME".getBytes(), CompareOp.EQUAL, comparator);

		//键值对元数据过滤-----family过滤----字节数组完整匹配
        FamilyFilter ff = new FamilyFilter(
                CompareOp.EQUAL , 
                new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("base_info"))   //表中不存在inf列族，过滤结果为空
                );
        //键值对元数据过滤-----family过滤----字节数组前缀匹配
        ff = new FamilyFilter(
                CompareOp.EQUAL , 
                new BinaryPrefixComparator(Bytes.toBytes("inf"))   //表中存在以inf打头的列族info，过滤结果为该列族所有行
                );
		
        
       //键值对元数据过滤-----qualifier过滤----字节数组完整匹配
        
        filter = new QualifierFilter(
                CompareOp.EQUAL , 
                new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("na"))   //表中不存在na列，过滤结果为空
                );
        filter = new QualifierFilter(
                CompareOp.EQUAL , 
                new BinaryPrefixComparator(Bytes.toBytes("na"))   //表中存在以na打头的列name，过滤结果为所有行的该列数据
        		);
		
        //基于列名(即Qualifier)前缀过滤数据的ColumnPrefixFilter
        filter = new ColumnPrefixFilter("na".getBytes());
        
        //基于列名(即Qualifier)多个前缀过滤数据的MultipleColumnPrefixFilter
        byte[][] prefixes = new byte[][] {Bytes.toBytes("na"), Bytes.toBytes("me")};
        filter = new MultipleColumnPrefixFilter(prefixes);
 
        //为查询设置过滤条件
        scan.setFilter(filter);
        
        
		scan.addFamily(Bytes.toBytes("base_info"));
		ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
		for(Result r : scanner){
			/**
			for(KeyValue kv : r.list()){
				String family = new String(kv.getFamily());
				System.out.println(family);
				String qualifier = new String(kv.getQualifier());
				System.out.println(qualifier);
				System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
			}
			*/
			//直接从result中取到某个特定的value
			byte[] value = r.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("base_info"), Bytes.toBytes("name"));
			System.out.println(new String(value));
		}
		table.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 删除表中指定的列
	 * **/
	@Test
	public void testDel() throws Exception{
		HTable table = new HTable(conf, "user");
		Delete del = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes("rk0001"));
		del.deleteColumn(Bytes.toBytes("data"), Bytes.toBytes("pic"));
		table.delete(del);
		table.close();
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 创建表
	 * */
	@Test
	public void testCreate() throws Exception {
		HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
		TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf("person_info");
		HTableDescriptor td = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
		HColumnDescriptor cd = new HColumnDescriptor("base_info");
		cd.setMaxVersions(10);
		td.addFamily(cd);
		admin.createTable(td);
		admin.close();
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
		
//		Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
//		conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "weekend05:2181,weekend06:2181,weekend07:2181");


	}
	
	

}