SQL Server编程系列(2):SMO常用对象的有关操作

在上一篇周公简单讲述了SMO的一些基本概念，实际上SMO体系结构远不止周公在上一篇中讲述的那么简单，下图是MSDN上给出的一个完整的结构图：

上图是一个完整的涉及到各种关系的结构图。不过它们之间的层次结构关系周公已经在上一篇做了简单概述。
在本篇中周公还是在上一篇的基础上再做稍微深入一点的介绍，在本篇中主要讲述如何获取数据库常见对象信息，并且如何利用SMO来进行一些日常操作：如创建Login，创建数据库、备份数据库和还原数据库。执行上面这些操作的SQL语句也许我们已经写过，下面我们来看看利用SMO来操作的代码将如何写。
代码如下： using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RegisteredServers;//在microsoft.sqlserver.smo.dll中 using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;//需添加microsoft.sqlserver.smo.dll的引用 using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common;//需添加microsoft.sqlserver.connectioninfo.dll的引用 namespace SSISStudy { /// <summary> /// SQL Server编程些列文章(2):SMO常用对象的有关操作 /// 作者：周公 /// 创建日期：2012-05-23 /// 博客地址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn http://zhoufoxcn.blog.51cto.com /// 新浪微博地址：http://weibo.com/zhoufoxcn class SMODemo02 { /// <summary> /// 显示数据库常见对象信息示例 /// </summary> public static void ShowSMOObjects() { Console.WriteLine("Server Group Information"); foreach (ServerGroup serverGroup in SmoApplication.SqlServerRegistrations.ServerGroups) { Console.WriteLine("Group Name:{0},Path:{1},ServerType:{2},State:{3},Urn:{4}", serverGroup.Name, serverGroup.Path, serverGroup.ServerType, serverGroup.State, serverGroup.Urn); } Console.WriteLine("Registered Server Information"); foreach (RegisteredServer regServer in SmoApplication.SqlServerRegistrations.RegisteredServers) { Console.WriteLine("Server Name:{0},Login:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3}", regServer.Name, regServer.Login, regServer.State, regServer.Urn); } //创建ServerConnection的实例 ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection(); //指定连接字符串 connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;"; //实例化Server Server server = new Server(connection); Console.WriteLine("ActiveDirectory:{0},InstanceName:{1}", server.ActiveDirectory, server.InstanceName); //下面列出每个数据库的具体信息 foreach (Database db in server.Databases) { Console.WriteLine("Database Name:{0},ActiveDirectory:{1},ActiveConnections:{2},DataSpaceUsage:{3},PrimaryFilePath:{4}", db.Name, db.ActiveDirectory, db.ActiveConnections, db.DataSpaceUsage, db.PrimaryFilePath); //列出数据库的数据文件文件组信息 foreach (FileGroup fileGroup in db.FileGroups) { Console.WriteLine("\tFileGroup Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3}", fileGroup.Name, fileGroup.Size, fileGroup.State, fileGroup.Urn); //列出每个文件组中的数据文件信息 foreach (DataFile dataFile in fileGroup.Files) { Console.WriteLine("\t\tDataFile Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3},FileName:{4}", dataFile.Name, dataFile.Size, dataFile.State, dataFile.Urn, dataFile.FileName); } } //列出数据库日志文件信息 foreach (LogFile logFile in db.LogFiles) { Console.WriteLine("\tLogFile Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3},FileName:{4}", logFile.Name, logFile.Size, logFile.State,logFile.Urn,logFile.FileName); } } } /// <summary> /// 利用SMO创建SQL登录 /// </summary> public static void CreateLogin() { string loginName = "zhoufoxcn";//要创建的数据库登录名 string loginPassword = "C#.NET";//登录密码 //创建ServerConnection的实例 ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection(); //指定连接字符串 connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;"; //实例化Server Server server = new Server(connection); #region [创建数据库登录对象] //检查在数据库是否已经存在该登录名 var queryLogin = from Login temp in server.Logins where string.Equals(temp.Name, loginName, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase) select temp; Login login = queryLogin.FirstOrDefault<Login>(); //如果存在就删除 if (login != null) { login.Drop(); } login = new Login(server, loginName); login.LoginType = LoginType.SqlLogin;//指定登录方式为SQL认证 login.PasswordPolicyEnforced = true; login.DefaultDatabase = "master";//默认数据库 login.Create(loginPassword); #endregion } /// <summary> /// 利用SMO创建数据库 /// </summary> public static void CreateDatabase() { string databaseName = "SMODemo"; //创建ServerConnection的实例 ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection(); //指定连接字符串 connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;"; //实例化Server Server server = new Server(connection); #region [创建数据库对象] //检查在数据库是否已经存在该数据库 var queryDatabase = from Database temp in server.Databases where string.Equals(temp.Name, databaseName, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase) select temp; Database database = queryDatabase.FirstOrDefault<Database>(); //如果存在就删除 if (database != null) { database.Drop(); } database = new Database(server, databaseName); //指定数据库数据文件细节 FileGroup fileGroup = new FileGroup { Name = "PRIMARY", Parent = database, IsDefault = true }; DataFile dataFile = new DataFile { Name = databaseName + "_data", Parent = fileGroup, FileName = @"F:\SQLData2005\" + databaseName + ".mdf" }; fileGroup.Files.Add(dataFile); //指定数据库日志文件细节 LogFile logFile = new LogFile { Name = databaseName + "_log", Parent = database, FileName = @"F:\SQLData2005\" + databaseName + ".ldf" }; database.FileGroups.Add(fileGroup); database.LogFiles.Add(logFile); database.Create(); #endregion } /// <summary> /// 利用SMO备份数据库 /// </summary> public static void BackupDatabase() { string databaseName = "msdb";//备份的数据库名 string bkPath = @"C:\";//存放备份后的数据的文件夹 //创建ServerConnection的实例 ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection(); //指定连接字符串 connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;"; //实例化Server Server server = new Server(connection); #region [创建数据库备份对象] Backup backup = new Backup(); backup.Action = BackupActionType.Database;//完全备份 backup.Database = databaseName; backup.BackupSetDescription = "Full backup of master"; backup.BackupSetName = "master Backup"; //创建备份设备 BackupDeviceItem bkDeviceItem = new BackupDeviceItem(); bkDeviceItem.DeviceType = DeviceType.File; bkDeviceItem.Name = bkPath+databaseName+".bak"; backup.Devices.Add(bkDeviceItem); backup.Incremental = false; backup.LogTruncation = BackupTruncateLogType.Truncate; backup.SqlBackup(server); #endregion } /// <summary> /// 备份数据库 /// </summary> public static void RestoreDatabase() { string databaseName = "SMODemo";//备份的数据库名 string bkPath = @"C:\";//存放备份后的数据的文件夹 //创建ServerConnection的实例 ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection(); //指定连接字符串 connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;"; //实例化Server Server server = new Server(connection); Restore restore = new Restore(); restore.NoRecovery = false; restore.NoRewind = false; restore.Action = RestoreActionType.Database; restore.Database = databaseName; //创建备份设备 BackupDeviceItem bkDeviceItem = new BackupDeviceItem(); bkDeviceItem.DeviceType = DeviceType.File; bkDeviceItem.Name = bkPath + databaseName + ".bak"; //如果需要重新制定Restore后的数据库的物理文件位置，需要知道数据库文件的逻辑文件名 //可以RESTORE FILELISTONLY 来列出逻辑文件名，如果覆盖已有数据库可以通过SMO来获取 //因本处使用的是刚刚备份的msdb数据库来Restore，所以其分别为"MSDBData"和"MSDBLog" //如果不指定Restore路径则默认恢复到数据库服务器存放数据的文件夹下 RelocateFile relocateDataFile = new RelocateFile { LogicalFileName = "MSDBData", PhysicalFileName = bkPath + databaseName + ".mdf" };//(databaseName + "_data", bkPath + databaseName + ".mdf"); RelocateFile relocateLogFile = new RelocateFile { LogicalFileName = "MSDBLog", PhysicalFileName = bkPath + databaseName + ".ldf" };//(databaseName + "_log", bkPath + databaseName + ".ldf"); restore.Devices.Add(bkDeviceItem); restore.RelocateFiles.Add(relocateDataFile); restore.RelocateFiles.Add(relocateLogFile); restore.SqlRestore(server); } } }执行结果在这里就不贴图了，反正是是在周公家里的中文环境和办公室英文环境中测试通过。预先透漏一下，下一篇将讲述如何获取SQL Server的对象的创建SQL语句，比如表、存储过程、函数等。

2012-05-23
周公