1. 通过apache common封装好的HttpClient
httpClient的get或post请求方式步骤:
- 生成一个HttpClient对象并设置相应的参数;
- 生成一个GetMethod对象或PostMethod并设置响应的参数;
- 用HttpClient生成的对象来执行GetMethod生成的Get方法;
- 处理响应状态码;
- 若响应正常,处理HTTP响应内容;
- 释放连接。
导入如下jar包:
<!--HttpClient--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId> <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency>
代码如下:
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.*; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; /** * @Author: Yang JianQiu * @Date: 2019/4/28 11:07 * * HttpClient模拟get、post请求并发送请求参数(json等) * 【参考资料】 * https://javasam.iteye.com/blog/2117845 * https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28379809/article/details/82898792 */ public class HttpClientToInterface { /** * httpClient的get请求方式 * 使用GetMethod来访问一个URL对应的网页实现步骤: * 1.生成一个HttpClient对象并设置相应的参数; * 2.生成一个GetMethod对象并设置响应的参数; * 3.用HttpClient生成的对象来执行GetMethod生成的Get方法; * 4.处理响应状态码; * 5.若响应正常,处理HTTP响应内容; * 6.释放连接。 * @param url * @param charset * @return */ public static String doGet(String url, String charset){ /** * 1.生成HttpClient对象并设置参数 */ HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); //设置Http连接超时为5秒 httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(5000); /** * 2.生成GetMethod对象并设置参数 */ GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url); //设置get请求超时为5秒 getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 5000); //设置请求重试处理,用的是默认的重试处理:请求三次 getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler()); String response = ""; /** * 3.执行HTTP GET 请求 */ try { int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod); /** * 4.判断访问的状态码 */ if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK){ System.err.println("请求出错:" + getMethod.getStatusLine()); } /** * 5.处理HTTP响应内容 */ //HTTP响应头部信息,这里简单打印 Header[] headers = getMethod.getResponseHeaders(); for (Header h: headers){ System.out.println(h.getName() + "---------------" + h.getValue()); } //读取HTTP响应内容,这里简单打印网页内容 //读取为字节数组 byte[] responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody(); response = new String(responseBody, charset); System.out.println("-----------response:" + response); //读取为InputStream,在网页内容数据量大时候推荐使用 //InputStream response = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream(); } catch (HttpException e) { //发生致命的异常,可能是协议不对或者返回的内容有问题 System.out.println("请检查输入的URL!"); e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e){ //发生网络异常 System.out.println("发生网络异常!"); }finally { /** * 6.释放连接 */ getMethod.releaseConnection(); } return response; } /** * post请求 * @param url * @param json * @return */ public static String doPost(String url, JSONObject json){ HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url); postMethod.addRequestHeader("accept", "*/*"); postMethod.addRequestHeader("connection", "Keep-Alive"); //设置json格式传送 postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); //必须设置下面这个Header postMethod.addRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36"); //添加请求参数 postMethod.addParameter("commentId", json.getString("commentId")); String res = ""; try { int code = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod); if (code == 200){ res = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString(); System.out.println(res); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return res; } public static void main(String[] args) { doGet("http://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm?tel=13026194071", "UTF-8"); System.out.println("-----------分割线------------"); System.out.println("-----------分割线------------"); System.out.println("-----------分割线------------"); JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); jsonObject.put("commentId", "13026194071"); doPost("http://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm?tel=13026194071", jsonObject); } }