RTSP协议

1、RTSP简介

RTSP(Real Time Streaming Protocol)是由Real Network和Netscape共同提出的如何有效地在IP网络上传输流媒体的应用层协议。RTSP对流媒体提供诸如暂停、快进等控制,而它本身并不传输数据。RTSP的作用相当于流媒体服务器的远程控制。服务器端可以自行选择使用TCP或UDP来传输串流内容,它的语法和运作跟HTTP1.1类似,但并不特别强调时间同步,所以比较能容忍网络延迟。

2、RTSP与HTTP的区别与联系

  • 联系:两者都用纯文本来发送消息,且RTSP协议语法也和HTTP类似。RTSP一开始这样设计,也是为了能够兼容使用以前写的HTTP协议分析代码。
  • 区别:rstp有状态,不同的是RTSP的命令需要知道现在处于一个什么状态,也就是说RTSP的命令总是按照顺序来发送的,某个命令总在另外一个命令之前发送。RTSP不管处于什么状态都不会断掉连接。而HTTP则不保存状态,协议在发送一个命令以后,连接就会断开,且命令之间没有依赖性,RTSP协议使用544端口,HTTP协议使用80端口。

3、RTSP和RTP(TRCP)的联系

  • RTP:Realtime Transport Protocol实时传输协议。RTP提供时间标志,序列号以及其他能够保证在实时数据传输时处理时间的方法。
  • RTCP:Realtime Transport Control Protocol 实时传输控制协议。RCTP是RTP的控制部分,用来保证服务质量和成员管理。RTP和RTCP是一起使用的。
  • RTSP:Realtime Streaming Protocol 实时流传输协议。RTSP具体数据传输交割RTP,提供对流的控制。

RTP是基于UDP协议的,UDP不用建立连接,效率更高。但允许丢包,这就要求在重新组装媒体的时候多做一些工作。RTP只是包裹内容信息,而RTCP是交换控制信息,Qos是通过RTCP实现的。

应用程序对应的是play,seek,pause,stop等命令,RTSP则是处理这些命令,在UDP传输时使用RTP(RTCP)来完成。如果是TCP连接则不会使用RTP(RTCP)。

RTSP的client连接server通过SDP(会话描述协议)传递。

 4、RTSP消息

RTSP的消息有两大类,一是请求消息(request),一是回应消息(response),两种消息的格式不同。

1)请求消息格式

方法 URI RTSP版本 CR LF
消息头 CR LF CR LF
消息体 CR LF

方法包括:OPTIONS、SETUP、PLAY、TEARDOWN、DESCRIBE。

URI是接收方(服务器端)的地址,例如:rtsp://192.168.6.136:5000/v0

每行后面的CR LF表示回车换行,需要接收端有相应的解析,消息头需要有两个CR LF。

DESCRIBE rtsp://192.168.1.211 RTSP/1.0
CSeq: 1
Accept: application/sdp
User-Agent: magnus-fc

2)回应消息格式

RTSP版本 状态码 解释 CR LF
消息头 CR LF CR LF
消息体 CR LF

其中RTSP版本一般是RTSP/1.0,状态码是一个数值,200表示成功,解释是与状态码对应的文本解释,详细请见SDP协议介绍。

RTSP/1.0 200 OK
CSeq: 1
Server: GrandStream Rtsp Server V100R001
Content-Type: application/sdp
Content-length: 256
Content-Base: rtsp://192.168.1.211/0

v=0
o=StreamingServer 3331435948 1116907222000 IN IP4 192.168.1.211
s=h264.mp4
c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0
t=0 0
a=control:*
m=video 0 RTP/AVP 96
a=control:trackID=0
a=rtpmap:96 H264/90000
m=audio 0 RTP/AVP 97
a=control:trackID=1
a=rtpmap:97 G726-16/8000

5、RTSP交互流程

C表示rtsp客户端, S表示rtsp服务端。

step1:

C->S:OPTION request //询问S有哪些方法可用
S->C:OPTION response //S回应信息中包括提供的所有可用方法

step2:

C->S:DESCRIBE request //要求得到S提供的媒体初始化描述信息
S->C:DESCRIBE response //S回应媒体初始化描述信息,主要是sdp

step3:

C->S:SETUP request //设置会话的属性,以及传输模式,提醒S建立会话
S->C:SETUP response //S建立会话,返回会话标识符,以及会话相关信息

step4:

C->S:PLAY request //C请求播放
S->C:PLAY response //S回应该请求的信息
S->C: //发送流媒体数据

step5:

C->S:TEARDOWN request //C请求关闭会话
S->C:TEARDOWN response //S回应该请求

命令状态转化流程如下图:

6、RTSP主要方法

方法说明:

1)OPTION

得到服务器提供的可用方法

OPTIONS rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666 RTSP/1.0
CSeq: 1 //每个消息都有序号来标记,第一个包通常是option请求消息
User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10)

服务器的回应信息包括提供的一些方法,例如:

RTSP/1.0 200 OK 
Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1
Cseq: 1 //每个回应消息的cseq数值和请求消息的cseq相对应
Public: OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, TEARDOWN, PLAY, PAUSE, SCALE,GET_PARAMETER //服务器提供的可用的方法

2)DESCRIBE

C向S发起DESCRIBE请求,为了得到会话描述信息(SDP):

DESCRIBE rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666 RTSP/1.0
CSeq: 2
token: 
Accept: application/sdp
User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10) 

服务器回应一些对此会话的描述信息(sdp):

RTSP/1.0 200 OK 
Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 
Cseq: 2 
x-prev-url: rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000 
x-next-url: rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000 
x-Accept-Retransmit: our-retransmit 
x-Accept-Dynamic-Rate: 1 
Cache-Control: must-revalidate 
Last-Modified: Fri, 10 Nov 2006 12:34:38 GMT 
Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2006 12:34:38 GMT 
Expires: Fri, 10 Nov 2006 12:34:38 GMT 
Content-Base: rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666/ 
Content-Length: 344 
Content-Type: application/sdp 

v=0 //以下都是sdp信息  
o=OnewaveUServerNG 1451516402 1025358037 IN IP4 192.168.20.136 
s=/xxx666 
u=http:/// 
e=admin@ 
c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0 
t=0 0 
a=isma-compliance:1,1.0,1 

a=range:npt=0- 
m=video 0 RTP/AVP 96 //m表示媒体描述,下面是对会话中视频通道的媒体描述
a=rtpmap:96 MP4V-ES/90000 
a=fmtp:96 profile-level-id=245;config=000001B0F5000001B509000001000000012000C888B0E0E0FA62D089028307 a=control:trackID=0 //trackID=0表示视频流用的是通道0

3)SETUP

客户端提醒服务器建立会话,并确定传输模式:

SETUP rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666/trackID=0 RTSP/1.0 
CSeq: 3 
Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;interleaved=0-1 
User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10)
 //uri中 带有trackID=0,表示对该通道进行设置。Transport参数设置了传输模式,包的结构。接下来的数据包头部第二个字节位置就是 interleaved,它的值是每个通道都不同的,trackID=0的interleaved值有两个0或1,0表示rtp包,1表示rtcp包,接收端根据interleaved的值来区别是哪种数据包。

服务器回应信息:

RTSP/1.0 200 OK 
Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 
Cseq: 3 
Session: 6310936469860791894 //服务器回应的会话标识符
Cache-Control: no-cache 
Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;interleaved=0-1;ssrc=6B8B4567

4)PLAY

客户端发送播放请求:

PLAY rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666 RTSP/1.0 
CSeq: 4 
Session: 6310936469860791894 
Range: npt=0.000- //设置播放时间的范围
User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10)

服务器回应信息:

RTSP/1.0 200 OK 
Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 
Cseq: 4 
Session: 6310936469860791894 
Range: npt=0.000000- 
RTP-Info: url=trackID=0;seq=17040;rtptime=1467265309 
 //seq和rtptime都是rtp包中的信息

5)TEADDOWN

客户端发起关闭请求:

TEARDOWN rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666 RTSP/1.0 
CSeq: 5 
Session: 6310936469860791894 
User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10) 

服务器回应:

RTSP/1.0 200 OK 
Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 
Cseq: 5 
Session: 6310936469860791894 

7、RTSP状态码

Status-Code = "100" ; Continue
| "200" ; OK
| "201" ; Created
| "250" ; Low on Storage Space
| "300" ; Multiple Choices
| "301" ; Moved Permanently
| "302" ; Moved Temporarily
| "303" ; See Other
| "304" ; Not Modified
| "305" ; Use Proxy
| "400" ; Bad Request
| "401" ; Unauthorized
| "402" ; Payment Required
| "403" ; Forbidden
| "404" ; Not Found
| "405" ; Method Not Allowed
| "406" ; Not Acceptable
| "407" ; Proxy Authentication Required
| "408" ; Request Time-out
| "410" ; Gone
| "411" ; Length Required
| "412" ; Precondition Failed
| "413" ; Request Entity Too Large
| "414" ; Request-URI Too Large
| "415" ; Unsupported Media Type
| "451" ; Parameter Not Understood
| "452" ; Conference Not Found
| "453" ; Not Enough Bandwidth
| "454" ; Session Not Found
| "455" ; Method Not Valid in This State
| "456" ; Header Field Not Valid for Resource
| "457" ; Invalid Range
| "458" ; Parameter Is Read-Only
| "459" ; Aggregate operation not allowed
| "460" ; Only aggregate operation allowed
| "461" ; Unsupported transport
| "462" ; Destination unreachable
| "500" ; Internal Server Error
| "501" ; Not Implemented
| "502" ; Bad Gateway
| "503" ; Service Unavailable
| "504" ; Gateway Time-out
| "505" ; RTSP Version not supported
| "551" ; Option not supported
| extension-code
extension-code = 3DIGIT
Reason-Phrase = *<TEXT, excluding CR, LF

8、SDP协议

sdp的格式:

SDP描述由许多文本行组成,文本行的格式为<类型>=<值>,<类型>是一个字母,<值>是结构化的文本串,其格式依<类型>而定。

<type>=<value>[CRLF]

v=<version>
o=<username> <session id> <version> <network type> <address type> <address>
s=<session name>
i=<session description>
u=<URI>
e=<email address>
p=<phone number>
c=<network type> <address type> <connection address>
b=<modifier>:<bandwidth-value>
t=<start time> <stop time>
r=<repeat interval> <active duration> <list of offsets from start-time>
z=<adjustment time> <offset> <adjustment time> <offset> ....
k=<method>
k=<method>:<encryption key>
a=<attribute>
a=<attribute>:<value>
m=<media> <port> <transport> <fmt list>
v = (协议版本)
o = (所有者/创建者和会话标识符)
s = (会话名称)
i = * (会话信息)
u = * (URI 描述)
e = * (Email 地址)
p = * (电话号码)
c = * (连接信息)
b = * (带宽信息)
z = * (时间区域调整)
k = * (加密密钥)
a = * (0 个或多个会话属性行)
  • 时间描述:
    • t=(会话活动时间)
    • r=*(0或多次重复次数)
  • 媒体描述:
    • m = (媒体名称和传输地址)
    • i = * (媒体标题)
    • c = * (连接信息 — 如果包含在会话层则该字段可选)
    • b = * (带宽信息)
    • k = * (加密密钥)
    • a = * (0 个或多个媒体属性行)

SDP 完全是一种会话描述格式 ― 它不属于传输协议 ― 它只使用不同的适当的传输协议,包括会话通知协议(SAP)、会话初始协议(SIP)、实时流协议(RTSP)、MIME 扩展协议的电子邮件以及超文本传输协议(HTTP)。SDP协议是也是基于文本的协议,这样就能保证协议的可扩展性比较强,这样就使其具有广泛的应用范围。SDP 不支持会话内容或媒体编码的协商,所以在流媒体中只用来描述媒体信息。媒体协商这一块要用RTSP来实现。

下面是一个helix流媒体服务器的RTSP协议中的SDP协议:

v=0 //SDP version
// o field定义的源的一些信息。其格式为:o=<username> <sess-id> <sess-version> <nettype> <addrtype> <unicast-address>
o=- 1271659412 1271659412 IN IP4 10.56.136.37 s=<No title>
i=<No author> <No copyright>  //session的信息
c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0 //connect 的信息,分别描述了:网络协议,地址的类型,连接地址。
c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0
t=0 0 //时间信息,分别表示开始的时间和结束的时间,一般在流媒体的直播的时移中见的比较多。
a=SdpplinVersion:1610641560 //描述性的信息
a=StreamCount:integer;2 //用来描述媒体流的信息,表示有两个媒体流。integer表示信息的格式为整数。
a=control:*
a=DefaultLicenseValue:integer;0 //License信息
a=FileType:string;"MPEG4" ////用来描述媒体流的信息说明当前协商的文件是mpeg4格式的文件
a=LicenseKey:string;"license.Summary.Datatypes.RealMPEG4.Enabled"
a=range:npt=0-72.080000  //用来表示媒体流的长度
m=audio 0 RTP/AVP 96 //做为媒体描述信息的重要组成部分描述了媒体信息的详细内容:表示session的audio是通过RTP来格式传送的,其payload值为96传送的端口还没有定。
b=as:24 //audio 的bitrate
b=RR:1800
b=RS:600
a=control:streamid=1  //通过媒体流1来发送音频
a=range:npt=0-72.080000 //说明媒体流的长度。
a=length:npt=72.080000
a=rtpmap:96 MPEG4-GENERIC/32000/2 //rtpmap的信息,表示音频为AAC的其sample为32000
a=fmtp:96 profile-level-id=15;mode=AAC-hbr;sizelength=13;indexlength=3;indexdeltalength=3;config=1210 //config为AAC的详细格式信息
a=mimetype:string;"audio/MPEG4-GENERIC"
a=Helix-Adaptation-Support:1
a=AvgBitRate:integer;48000
a=HasOutOfOrderTS:integer;1
a=MaxBitRate:integer;48000
a=Preroll:integer;1000
a=OpaqueData:buffer;"A4CAgCIAAAAEgICAFEAVABgAAAC7gAAAu4AFgICAAhKIBoCAgAEC"
a=StreamName:string;"Audio Track"
//下面是video的信息基本和audio的信息相对称,这里就不再说了。
m=video 0 RTP/AVP 97
b=as:150
b=RR:11250
b=RS:3750
a=control:streamid=2
a=range:npt=0-72.080000
a=length:npt=72.080000
a=rtpmap:97 MP4V-ES/2500
a=fmtp:97 profile-level-id=1;
a=mimetype:string;"video/MP4V-ES"
a=Helix-Adaptation-Support:1
a=AvgBitRate:integer;300000
a=HasOutOfOrderTS:integer;1
a=Height:integer;240 //影片的长度
a=MaxBitRate:integer;300000
a=MaxPacketSize:integer;1400
a=Preroll:integer;1000
a=Width:integer;320  //影片的宽度
a=OpaqueData:buffer;"AzcAAB8ELyARAbd0AAST4AAEk+AFIAAAAbDzAAABtQ7gQMDPAAABAAAAASAAhED6KFAg8KIfBgEC"
a=StreamName:string;"Video Track"

9、总结

在RTSP交互过程中,只要在客户端发出Describe请求的时候,服务端回应的时候会有SDP消息发出,用SDP来描述会话情况和内容,方便客户端能够加入该会话。

10、RTSP基于libcurl代码实现

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2011, Jim Hollinger
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *   * Neither the name of Jim Hollinger nor the names of its contributors
 *     may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
 *     software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */
/* <DESC>
 * A basic RTSP transfer
 * </DESC>
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>

#if defined (WIN32)
#include <conio.h>  /* _getch() */
#else
#include <termios.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define VERSION_STR  "V1.0"

/* error handling macros */
#define my_curl_easy_setopt(A, B, C)                             \
  res = curl_easy_setopt((A), (B), (C));                         \
  if(!res)                                                       \
    fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_setopt(%s, %s, %s) failed: %d\n", \
            #A, #B, #C, res);

#define my_curl_easy_perform(A)                                     \
  res = curl_easy_perform(A);                                       \
  if(!res)                                                          \
    fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_perform(%s) failed: %d\n", #A, res);

static int _getch(void)
{
  struct termios oldt, newt;
  int ch;
  tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &oldt);
  newt = oldt;
  newt.c_lflag &= ~( ICANON | ECHO);
  tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &newt);
  ch = getchar();
  tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &oldt);
  return ch;
}
#endif

/* send RTSP OPTIONS request */
static void rtsp_options(CURL *curl, const char *uri)
{
  CURLcode res = CURLE_OK;
  printf("\nRTSP: OPTIONS %s\n", uri);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_STREAM_URI, uri);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_REQUEST, (long)CURL_RTSPREQ_OPTIONS);
  my_curl_easy_perform(curl);
}

/* send RTSP DESCRIBE request and write sdp response to a file */
static void rtsp_describe(CURL *curl, const char *uri,
                          const char *sdp_filename)
{
  CURLcode res = CURLE_OK;
  FILE *sdp_fp = fopen(sdp_filename, "wb");
  printf("\nRTSP: DESCRIBE %s\n", uri);
  if(sdp_fp == NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Could not open '%s' for writing\n", sdp_filename);
    sdp_fp = stdout;
  }
  else {
    printf("Writing SDP to '%s'\n", sdp_filename);
  }
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, sdp_fp);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_REQUEST, (long)CURL_RTSPREQ_DESCRIBE);
  my_curl_easy_perform(curl);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, stdout);
  if(sdp_fp != stdout) {
    fclose(sdp_fp);
  }
}

/* send RTSP SETUP request */
static void rtsp_setup(CURL *curl, const char *uri, const char *transport)
{
  CURLcode res = CURLE_OK;
  printf("\nRTSP: SETUP %s\n", uri);
  printf("      TRANSPORT %s\n", transport);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_STREAM_URI, uri);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_TRANSPORT, transport);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_REQUEST, (long)CURL_RTSPREQ_SETUP);
  my_curl_easy_perform(curl);
}

/* send RTSP PLAY request */
static void rtsp_play(CURL *curl, const char *uri, const char *range)
{
  CURLcode res = CURLE_OK;
  printf("\nRTSP: PLAY %s\n", uri);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_STREAM_URI, uri);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RANGE, range);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_REQUEST, (long)CURL_RTSPREQ_PLAY);
  my_curl_easy_perform(curl);
}

/* send RTSP TEARDOWN request */
static void rtsp_teardown(CURL *curl, const char *uri)
{
  CURLcode res = CURLE_OK;
  printf("\nRTSP: TEARDOWN %s\n", uri);
  my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RTSP_REQUEST, (long)CURL_RTSPREQ_TEARDOWN);
  my_curl_easy_perform(curl);
}

/* convert url into an sdp filename */
static void get_sdp_filename(const char *url, char *sdp_filename,
                             size_t namelen)
{
  const char *s = strrchr(url, '/');
  strcpy(sdp_filename, "video.sdp");
  if(s != NULL) {
    s++;
    if(s[0] != '\0') {
      snprintf(sdp_filename, namelen, "%s.sdp", s);
    }
  }
}

/* scan sdp file for media control attribute */
static void get_media_control_attribute(const char *sdp_filename,
                                        char *control)
{
  int max_len = 256;
  char *s = malloc(max_len);
  FILE *sdp_fp = fopen(sdp_filename, "rb");
  control[0] = '\0';
  if(sdp_fp != NULL) {
    while(fgets(s, max_len - 2, sdp_fp) != NULL) {
      sscanf(s, " a = control: %s", control);
    }
    fclose(sdp_fp);
  }
  free(s);
}

/* main app */
int main(int argc, char * const argv[])
{
#if 1
  const char *transport = "RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=1234-1235";  /* UDP */
#else
  /* TCP */
  const char *transport = "RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;client_port=1234-1235";
#endif
  const char *range = "0.000-";
  int rc = EXIT_SUCCESS;
  char *base_name = NULL;

  printf("\nRTSP request %s\n", VERSION_STR);
  printf("    Project web site: http://code.google.com/p/rtsprequest/\n");
  printf("    Requires curl V7.20 or greater\n\n");

  /* check command line */
  if((argc != 2) && (argc != 3)) {
    base_name = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
    if(base_name == NULL) {
      base_name = strrchr(argv[0], '\\');
    }
    if(base_name == NULL) {
      base_name = argv[0];
    }
    else {
      base_name++;
    }
    printf("Usage:   %s url [transport]\n", base_name);
    printf("         url of video server\n");
    printf("         transport (optional) specifier for media stream"
           " protocol\n");
    printf("         default transport: %s\n", transport);
    printf("Example: %s rtsp://192.168.0.2/media/video1\n\n", base_name);
    rc = EXIT_FAILURE;
  }
  else {
    const char *url = argv[1];
    char *uri = malloc(strlen(url) + 32);
    char *sdp_filename = malloc(strlen(url) + 32);
    char *control = malloc(strlen(url) + 32);
    CURLcode res;
    get_sdp_filename(url, sdp_filename, strlen(url) + 32);
    if(argc == 3) {
      transport = argv[2];
    }

    /* initialize curl */
    res = curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
    if(res == CURLE_OK) {
      curl_version_info_data *data = curl_version_info(CURLVERSION_NOW);
      CURL *curl;
      fprintf(stderr, "    curl V%s loaded\n", data->version);

      /* initialize this curl session */
      curl = curl_easy_init();
      if(curl != NULL) {
        my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 0L);
        my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS, 1L);
        my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HEADERDATA, stdout);
        my_curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);

        /* request server options */
        snprintf(uri, strlen(url) + 32, "%s", url);
        rtsp_options(curl, uri);

        /* request session description and write response to sdp file */
        rtsp_describe(curl, uri, sdp_filename);

        /* get media control attribute from sdp file */
        get_media_control_attribute(sdp_filename, control);

        /* setup media stream */
        snprintf(uri, strlen(url) + 32, "%s/%s", url, control);
        rtsp_setup(curl, uri, transport);

        /* start playing media stream */
        snprintf(uri, strlen(url) + 32, "%s/", url);
        rtsp_play(curl, uri, range);
        printf("Playing video, press any key to stop ...");
        _getch();
        printf("\n");

        /* teardown session */
        rtsp_teardown(curl, uri);

        /* cleanup */
        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
        curl = NULL;
      }
      else {
        fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_init() failed\n");
      }
      curl_global_cleanup();
    }
    else {
      fprintf(stderr, "curl_global_init(%s) failed: %d\n",
              "CURL_GLOBAL_ALL", res);
    }
    free(control);
    free(sdp_filename);
    free(uri);
  }

  return rc;
}

 

posted @ 2021-05-20 15:04  钟齐峰  阅读(857)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报