RMAN详细解释（四）备份脚本实际操作

 

1、为了安全起见，先将数据库完全导出：

exp 用户名/密码@ORACLE file=/backup/ecology_$(date　'+%Y%m%d').dmp full=y;
　

2、因为是数据库操作，所以应切换成Oracle用户：

su - oracle
　

3、检查数据库是否打开归档模式，如否，则打开SQLPLUS执行以下命令：

archive log list;

alter system set log_archive_dest_n='location=/u01/backupws ';

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

alter database archivelog;

alter database open;

　

4、将rman脚本文件放置到backup_sh目录下：

(1)全库备份（一周三次）
rman_ecology_all.sh

run {

    allocate channel a1 device type disk format '/backup/ecology_all_%T_%u';

    allocate channel a2 device type disk format '/backup/ecology_all_%T_%u';

    backup database skip offline plus archivelog delete all input;

    backup current controlfile;

    release channel a1;

    release channel a2;

}

    allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;

    delete obsolete;

    crosscheck backupset;

　
(2)归档日志备份（一周四次）
rman_ecology_arc.sh

run {

    allocate channel b1 device type disk format '/backup/ecology_arc_%T_%u';

    allocate channel b2 device type disk format '/backup/ecology_arc_%T_%u';

    backup archivelog all;

    backup current controlfile;

    release channel b1;

    release channel b2;

}

    allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;

    crosscheck backupset;

　

5、编写RMAN脚本的运行脚本：

mkdir -p /backup/ # 创建目录(-p表示不存在则新建，若存在则忽略)
touch run_rman_ecology_all.sh # 创建all运行脚本
touch run_rman_ecology_arc.sh # 创建arc运行脚本

vi run_rman_ecology_all.sh

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=ecology

/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1/bin/rman target / log=/backup/all_ecology_$(date +%F).log cmdfile=/backup_sh/rman_ecology_all.sh

vi run_rman_ecology_arc.sh

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=ecology

/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1/bin/rman target / log=/backup/arc_ecology_$(date +%F).log cmdfile=/backup_sh/rman_ecology_arc.sh

　

6、添加执行权限：

chmod +x /backup_sh/run_rman_ecology_all.sh
chmod +x /backup_sh/run_rman_ecology_arc.sh
PS：
需使用root用户。
　

7、手动测试脚本，成功之后再下一步。

若报错，则直接打开/var/spool/mail/登陆用户名，查看日志并改正。
　

8、添加定时任务:

周三五七晚20:00全库，周一二四六晚20:00归档日志

crontab -e

00 20 * * 0,3,5 sh /backup_sh/run_rman_ecology_all.sh >> /backup/rman_crontab_all.log 2>&1

00 20 * * 1,2,4,6 sh /backup_sh/run_rman_ecology_arc.sh >> /backup/rman_crontab_arc.log 2>&1

格式是“分 时 日 月 周 要执行的命令或脚本”。
　

9、重启计划任务：

service cron restart