API函数ShellExecute与ShellExecuteEx用法
ShellExecute:
1.函数功能:
你可以给它任何文件的名字,它都能识别出来并打开它。
2.函数原型:
HINSTANCE ShellExecute(
);
3.参数说明:
hwnd:
用于指定父窗口句柄。当函数调用过程出现错误时,它将作为Windows消息窗口的父窗口。
lpOperation:
用于指定要进行的操作。
“open”操作表示执行由lpFile参数指定的程序,或打开由lpFile参数指定的文件或文件夹;
“print”操作表示打印由lpFile参数指定的文件;
“explore”操作表示浏览由lpFile参数指定的文件夹。
当参数设为NULL时,表示执行默认操作“open”。
lpFile:
用于指定要打开的文件名、要执行的程序文件名或要浏览的文件夹名。
lpParameters:
若lpFile参数是一个可执行程序,则此参数指定命令行参数,否则此参数应为NULL.
lpDirectory:
用于指定默认目录.
nShowCmd:
若lpFile参数是一个可执行程序,则此参数指定程序窗口的初始显示方式,否则此参数应设置为0。
这个参数常用的常数:
SW_HIDE 隐藏窗口,活动状态给令一个窗口
SW_MINIMIZE 最小化窗口,活动状态给令一个窗口
SW_RESTORE 用原来的大小和位置显示一个窗口,同时令其进入活动状态
SW_SHOW 用当前的大小和位置显示一个窗口,同时令其进入活动状态
SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED 最大化窗口,并将其激活
SW_SHOWMINIMIZED 最小化窗口,并将其激活
SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE 最小化一个窗口,同时不改变活动窗口
SW_SHOWNA 用当前的大小和位置显示一个窗口,不改变活动窗口
SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE 用最近的大小和位置显示一个窗口,同时不改变活动窗口
SW_SHOWNORMAL 与SW_RESTORE相同
若ShellExecute函数调用成功,则返回值为被执行程序的实例句柄。若返回值小于32,则表示出现错误。
4.使用方法:
例如:
用缺省的位图编辑器打开一个叫iloveu.bmp的位图文件,这个缺省的位图编辑器可能是 Microsoft Paint, Adobe Photoshop, 或者 Corel PhotoPaint。
ShellExecute(NULL, "open", "http://www.microsoft.com", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
ShellExecute还能识别其它协议,象FTP、GOPHER。甚至识别“mailto”,如果文件名指向“mailto:zxn@hq.cninfo.net”,它启动电子邮件程序并打开一个待编辑的新邮件,例如:
==========================================================================================================================
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","calc.exe","","", SW_SHOW );或 ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","notepad.exe","c:\MyLog.log","",SW_SHOW );正如您所看到的,我并没有传递程序的完整路径。
Q: 如何打开一个同系统程序相关连的文档?
Q: 如何打开一个网页?
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","http://www.google.com","","", SW_SHOW );
Q: 如何激活相关程序,发送EMAIL?
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","mailto:nishinapp@yahoo.com","","", SW_SHOW );
Q: 如何用系统打印机打印文档?
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"print","c:\abc.txt","","", SW_HIDE);
Q: 如何用系统查找功能来查找指定文件?
ShellExecute(m_hWnd,"find","d:\nish",NULL,NULL,SW_SHOW);
Q: 如何启动一个程序,直到它运行结束?
SHELLEXECUTEINFO ShExecInfo = {0};
ShExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
ShExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
ShExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
ShExecInfo.lpVerb = NULL;
ShExecInfo.lpFile = "c:\MyProgram.exe";
ShExecInfo.lpParameters = "";
ShExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;
ShExecInfo.nShow = SW_SHOW;
ShExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;
ShellExecuteEx(&ShExecInfo);
WaitForSingleObject(ShExecInfo.hProcess,INFINITE);
或:
PROCESS_INFORMATION ProcessInfo;
STARTUPINFO StartupInfo; //This is an [in] parameter
ZeroMemory(&StartupInfo, sizeof(StartupInfo));
StartupInfo.cb = sizeof StartupInfo ; //Only compulsory field
if(CreateProcess("c:\winnt\notepad.exe", NULL,
{
}
else
{
}
Q: 如何显示文件或文件夹的属性?
SHELLEXECUTEINFO ShExecInfo ={0};
ShExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
ShExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_INVOKEIDLIST ;
ShExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
ShExecInfo.lpVerb = "properties";
ShExecInfo.lpFile = "c:\"; //can be a file as well
ShExecInfo.lpParameters = "";
ShExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;
ShExecInfo.nShow = SW_SHOW;
ShExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;
ShellExecuteEx(&ShExecInfo);
相反,使用下面的类 ID,您要打开调用 ShellExecuteEx 时的系统文件夹:
Control Panel - {000314FE-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}
My Computer - {000214A0-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}
Recycle Bin - {000214A1-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}
Databases - {000214A4-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}
您可以在控制面板文件夹中打开 Windows 资源管理器的实例使用以下函数。 请注意 CLSID 必须被括在引号。
BOOL WINAPI OpenControlPanel ()
{
TCHAR szControlPanel[] = L"""
{000314FE-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}""";
SHELLEXECUTEINFO sei = {0};
sei.cbSize = sizeof (SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
sei.lpVerb = L"Open";
sei.lpFile = szControlPanel;
sei.nShow = SW_SHOW;
sei.hInstApp = hInstance;
return ShellExecuteEx (&sei);
}
示例:
1:打开EXE
SHELLEXECUTEINFO lpExecInfo = {0};
lpExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
lpExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
lpExecInfo.lpVerb = L"Open";
lpExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
lpExecInfo.lpFile = L"calc.exe";
lpExecInfo.lpDirectory = L"\\windows";
lpExecInfo.nShow = SW_SHOW;
lpExecInfo.lpParameters = NULL;
lpExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;
ShellExecuteEx(&lpExecInfo);
2:打开指定文件夹
SHELLEXECUTEINFO lpExecInfo = {0};
lpExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
lpExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
lpExecInfo.lpVerb = L"Open";
lpExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
lpExecInfo.lpFile = L"fexplore.exe";
lpExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;//L"\\windows";
lpExecInfo.nShow = SW_SHOW;
lpExecInfo.lpParameters = L"\\Windows\\“开始”菜单\\程序";
lpExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;
ShellExecuteEx(&lpExecInfo);
Q: 如何打开一个应用程序?
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","calc.exe","","", SW_SHOW );或
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","notepad.exe",
"c:\\MyLog.log","",SW_SHOW );正如您所看到的,我并没有传递程序的完整路径。
Q: 如何打开一个同系统程序相关连的文档?
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open",
"c:\\abc.txt","","",SW_SHOW );Q: 如何打开一个网页?
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open",
"http://www.google.com","","", SW_SHOW );Q: 如何激活相关程序,发送EMAIL?
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open",
"mailto:nishinapp@yahoo.com","","", SW_SHOW );Q: 如何用系统打印机打印文档?
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"print",
"c:\\abc.txt","","", SW_HIDE);Q: 如何用系统查找功能来查找指定文件?
ShellExecute(m_hWnd,"find","d:\\nish",
NULL,NULL,SW_SHOW);Q: 如何启动一个程序,直到它运行结束?
SHELLEXECUTEINFO ShExecInfo = {0};
ShExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
ShExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
ShExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
ShExecInfo.lpVerb = NULL;
ShExecInfo.lpFile = "c:\\MyProgram.exe";
ShExecInfo.lpParameters = "";
ShExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;
ShExecInfo.nShow = SW_SHOW;
ShExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;
ShellExecuteEx(&ShExecInfo);
WaitForSingleObject(ShExecInfo.hProcess,INFINITE);或:
PROCESS_INFORMATION ProcessInfo;
STARTUPINFO StartupInfo; //This is an [in] parameter
ZeroMemory(&StartupInfo, sizeof(StartupInfo));
StartupInfo.cb = sizeof StartupInfo ; //Only compulsory field
if(CreateProcess("c:\\winnt\\notepad.exe", NULL,
NULL,NULL,FALSE,0,NULL,
NULL,&StartupInfo,&ProcessInfo))
{
WaitForSingleObject(ProcessInfo.hProcess,INFINITE);
CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hThread);
CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hProcess);
}
else
{
MessageBox("The process could not be started...");
}
Q: 如何显示文件或文件夹的属性?
SHELLEXECUTEINFO ShExecInfo ={0};
ShExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
ShExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_INVOKEIDLIST ;
ShExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
ShExecInfo.lpVerb = "properties";
ShExecInfo.lpFile = "c:\\"; //can be a file as well
ShExecInfo.lpParameters = "";
ShExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;
ShExecInfo.nShow = SW_SHOW;
ShExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;
ShellExecuteEx(&ShExecInfo);
如何判断通过ShellExecute执行的应用程序已经执行完毕
方法一:
...... // 代码行
SHELLEXECUTEINFO sei;
memset(&sei, 0, sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO));
sei.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
sei.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
sei.lpVerb = _T("open");
sei.lpFile = _T("aa.exe");
sei.nShow = SW_SHOWDEFAULT;
ShellExecuteEx(&sei);
WaitForSingleObject(sei.hProcess, INFINITE);
CloseHandle(sei.hProcess);
...... // 代码行
方法二:
通过CreateProcess创建一个进程,然后进行等待。
STARTUPINFO si;
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) );
si.cb = sizeof(si);
ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) );
// 创建子进程
if( !CreateProcess( NULL, // No module name (use command line).
"MyChildProcess", // Command line.
NULL, // Process handle not inheritable.
NULL, // Thread handle not inheritable.
FALSE, // Set handle inheritance to FALSE.
0, // No creation flags.
NULL, // Use parent's environment block.
NULL, // Use parent's starting directory.
&si, // Pointer to STARTUPINFO structure.
&pi ) // Pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION structure.
)
{
ErrorExit( "CreateProcess failed." );
}
// 等待子进程退出
WaitForSingleObject( pi.hProcess, INFINITE );
// 关闭句柄
CloseHandle( pi.hProcess );
CloseHandle( pi.hThread );