【Java】将数据库表信息导入到Excel表格中生成数据库字典

1.步骤

（1）获取数据库连接，执行SQL查询
（2）创建Excel表格，创建sheet页，设置格式
（3）根据库名查询表信息，根据表名查询字段信息
（4）将数据导入到Excel中

2.数据库表信息

这是其中一个库的表信息

点击查看代码

SET foreign_key_checks = 0;  -- 关闭外键约束

drop DATABASE IF EXISTS `jtoe`;
CREATE DATABASE `jtoe`;

USE `jtoe`;


DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `countries`;

CREATE TABLE `countries` (
  `country_id` char(2) NOT NULL COMMENT '国家id',
  `country_name` varchar(40) DEFAULT '中国' COMMENT '国家名称',
  `region_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地区id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`country_id`),
  KEY `countr_reg_fk` (`region_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `countr_reg_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`region_id`) REFERENCES `regions` (`region_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '国家表,保存国家信息';



insert  into `countries`(`country_id`,`country_name`,`region_id`) values ('AR','Argentina',2),('AU','Australia',3),('BE','Belgium',1),('BR','Brazil',2),('CA','Canada',2),('CH','Switzerland',1),('CN','China',3),('DE','Germany',1),('DK','Denmark',1),('EG','Egypt',4),('FR','France',1),('HK','HongKong',3),('IL','Israel',4),('IN','India',3),('IT','Italy',1),('JP','Japan',3),('KW','Kuwait',4),('MX','Mexico',2),('NG','Nigeria',4),('NL','Netherlands',1),('SG','Singapore',3),('UK','United Kingdom',1),('US','United States of America',2),('ZM','Zambia',4),('ZW','Zimbabwe',4);



DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `departments`;

CREATE TABLE `departments` (
  `department_id` int(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '部门id',
  `department_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '部门名称',
  `manager_id` int(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '经理id',
  `location_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`department_id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `dept_id_pk` (`department_id`),
  KEY `dept_loc_fk` (`location_id`),
  KEY `dept_mgr_fk` (`manager_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `dept_loc_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`location_id`) REFERENCES `locations` (`location_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `dept_mgr_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`manager_id`) REFERENCES `employees` (`employee_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '部门表';

/*Data for the table `departments` */

insert  into `departments`(`department_id`,`department_name`,`manager_id`,`location_id`) values (10,'Administration',200,1700),(20,'Marketing',201,1800),(30,'Purchasing',114,1700),(40,'Human Resources',203,2400),(50,'Shipping',121,1500),(60,'IT',103,1400),(70,'Public Relations',204,2700),(80,'Sales',145,2500),(90,'Executive',100,1700),(100,'Finance',108,1700),(110,'Accounting',205,1700),(120,'Treasury',NULL,1700),(130,'Corporate Tax',NULL,1700),(140,'Control And Credit',NULL,1700),(150,'Shareholder Services',NULL,1700),(160,'Benefits',NULL,1700),(170,'Manufacturing',NULL,1700),(180,'Construction',NULL,1700),(190,'Contracting',NULL,1700),(200,'Operations',NULL,1700),(210,'IT Support',NULL,1700),(220,'NOC',NULL,1700),(230,'IT Helpdesk',NULL,1700),(240,'Government Sales',NULL,1700),(250,'Retail Sales',NULL,1700),(260,'Recruiting',NULL,1700),(270,'Payroll',NULL,1700);

/*Table structure for table `employees` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employees`;

CREATE TABLE `employees` (
  `employee_id` int(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '员工id',
  `first_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '姓',
  `last_name` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT '名',
  `email` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
  `phone_number` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号',
  `hire_date` date NOT NULL COMMENT '入职日期',
  `job_id` varchar(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '工作id',
  `salary` double(8,2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '工资',
  `commission_pct` double(2,2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '奖金',
  `manager_id` int(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '经理id',
  `department_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '部门id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`employee_id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `emp_email_uk` (`email`),
  UNIQUE KEY `emp_emp_id_pk` (`employee_id`),
  KEY `emp_dept_fk` (`department_id`),
  KEY `emp_job_fk` (`job_id`),
  KEY `emp_manager_fk` (`manager_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `emp_dept_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`department_id`) REFERENCES `departments` (`department_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `emp_job_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`job_id`) REFERENCES `jobs` (`job_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `emp_manager_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`manager_id`) REFERENCES `employees` (`employee_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '员工表';



insert  into `employees`(`employee_id`,`first_name`,`last_name`,`email`,`phone_number`,`hire_date`,`job_id`,`salary`,`commission_pct`,`manager_id`,`department_id`) values (100,'Steven','King','SKING','515.123.4567','1987-06-17','AD_PRES',24000.00,NULL,NULL,90),(101,'Neena','Kochhar','NKOCHHAR','515.123.4568','1989-09-21','AD_VP',17000.00,NULL,100,90),(102,'Lex','De Haan','LDEHAAN','515.123.4569','1993-01-13','AD_VP',17000.00,NULL,100,90),(103,'Alexander','Hunold','AHUNOLD','590.423.4567','1990-01-03','IT_PROG',9000.00,NULL,102,60),(104,'Bruce','Ernst','BERNST','590.423.4568','1991-05-21','IT_PROG',6000.00,NULL,103,60),(105,'David','Austin','DAUSTIN','590.423.4569','1997-06-25','IT_PROG',4800.00,NULL,103,60),(106,'Valli','Pataballa','VPATABAL','590.423.4560','1998-02-05','IT_PROG',4800.00,NULL,103,60),(107,'Diana','Lorentz','DLORENTZ','590.423.5567','1999-02-07','IT_PROG',4200.00,NULL,103,60),(108,'Nancy','Greenberg','NGREENBE','515.124.4569','1994-08-17','FI_MGR',12000.00,NULL,101,100),(109,'Daniel','Faviet','DFAVIET','515.124.4169','1994-08-16','FI_ACCOUNT',9000.00,NULL,108,100),(110,'John','Chen','JCHEN','515.124.4269','1997-09-28','FI_ACCOUNT',8200.00,NULL,108,100),(111,'Ismael','Sciarra','ISCIARRA','515.124.4369','1997-09-30','FI_ACCOUNT',7700.00,NULL,108,100),(112,'Jose Manuel','Urman','JMURMAN','515.124.4469','1998-03-07','FI_ACCOUNT',7800.00,NULL,108,100),(113,'Luis','Popp','LPOPP','515.124.4567','1999-12-07','FI_ACCOUNT',6900.00,NULL,108,100),(114,'Den','Raphaely','DRAPHEAL','515.127.4561','1994-12-07','PU_MAN',11000.00,NULL,100,30),(115,'Alexander','Khoo','AKHOO','515.127.4562','1995-05-18','PU_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,114,30),(116,'Shelli','Baida','SBAIDA','515.127.4563','1997-12-24','PU_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,114,30),(117,'Sigal','Tobias','STOBIAS','515.127.4564','1997-07-24','PU_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,114,30),(118,'Guy','Himuro','GHIMURO','515.127.4565','1998-11-15','PU_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,114,30),(119,'Karen','Colmenares','KCOLMENA','515.127.4566','1999-08-10','PU_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,114,30),(120,'Matthew','Weiss','MWEISS','650.123.1234','1996-07-18','ST_MAN',8000.00,NULL,100,50),(121,'Adam','Fripp','AFRIPP','650.123.2234','1997-04-10','ST_MAN',8200.00,NULL,100,50),(122,'Payam','Kaufling','PKAUFLIN','650.123.3234','1995-05-01','ST_MAN',7900.00,NULL,100,50),(123,'Shanta','Vollman','SVOLLMAN','650.123.4234','1997-10-10','ST_MAN',6500.00,NULL,100,50),(124,'Kevin','Mourgos','KMOURGOS','650.123.5234','1999-11-16','ST_MAN',5800.00,NULL,100,50),(125,'Julia','Nayer','JNAYER','650.124.1214','1997-07-16','ST_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,120,50),(126,'Irene','Mikkilineni','IMIKKILI','650.124.1224','1998-09-28','ST_CLERK',2700.00,NULL,120,50),(127,'James','Landry','JLANDRY','650.124.1334','1999-01-14','ST_CLERK',2400.00,NULL,120,50),(128,'Steven','Markle','SMARKLE','650.124.1434','2000-03-08','ST_CLERK',2200.00,NULL,120,50),(129,'Laura','Bissot','LBISSOT','650.124.5234','1997-08-20','ST_CLERK',3300.00,NULL,121,50),(130,'Mozhe','Atkinson','MATKINSO','650.124.6234','1997-10-30','ST_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,121,50),(131,'James','Marlow','JAMRLOW','650.124.7234','1997-02-16','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,121,50),(132,'TJ','Olson','TJOLSON','650.124.8234','1999-04-10','ST_CLERK',2100.00,NULL,121,50),(133,'Jason','Mallin','JMALLIN','650.127.1934','1996-06-14','ST_CLERK',3300.00,NULL,122,50),(134,'Michael','Rogers','MROGERS','650.127.1834','1998-08-26','ST_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,122,50),(135,'Ki','Gee','KGEE','650.127.1734','1999-12-12','ST_CLERK',2400.00,NULL,122,50),(136,'Hazel','Philtanker','HPHILTAN','650.127.1634','2000-02-06','ST_CLERK',2200.00,NULL,122,50),(137,'Renske','Ladwig','RLADWIG','650.121.1234','1995-07-14','ST_CLERK',3600.00,NULL,123,50),(138,'Stephen','Stiles','SSTILES','650.121.2034','1997-10-26','ST_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,123,50),(139,'John','Seo','JSEO','650.121.2019','1998-02-12','ST_CLERK',2700.00,NULL,123,50),(140,'Joshua','Patel','JPATEL','650.121.1834','1998-04-06','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,123,50),(141,'Trenna','Rajs','TRAJS','650.121.8009','1995-10-17','ST_CLERK',3500.00,NULL,124,50),(142,'Curtis','Davies','CDAVIES','650.121.2994','1997-01-29','ST_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,124,50),(143,'Randall','Matos','RMATOS','650.121.2874','1998-03-15','ST_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50),(144,'Peter','Vargas','PVARGAS','650.121.2004','1998-07-09','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,124,50),(145,'John','Russell','JRUSSEL','011.44.1344.429268','1996-10-01','SA_MAN',14000.00,0.40,100,80),(146,'Karen','Partners','KPARTNER','011.44.1344.467268','1997-01-05','SA_MAN',13500.00,0.30,100,80),(147,'Alberto','Errazuriz','AERRAZUR','011.44.1344.429278','1997-03-10','SA_MAN',12000.00,0.30,100,80),(148,'Gerald','Cambrault','GCAMBRAU','011.44.1344.619268','1999-10-15','SA_MAN',11000.00,0.30,100,80),(149,'Eleni','Zlotkey','EZLOTKEY','011.44.1344.429018','2000-01-29','SA_MAN',10500.00,0.20,100,80),(150,'Peter','Tucker','PTUCKER','011.44.1344.129268','1997-01-30','SA_REP',10000.00,0.30,145,80),(151,'David','Bernstein','DBERNSTE','011.44.1344.345268','1997-03-24','SA_REP',9500.00,0.25,145,80),(152,'Peter','Hall','PHALL','011.44.1344.478968','1997-08-20','SA_REP',9000.00,0.25,145,80),(153,'Christopher','Olsen','COLSEN','011.44.1344.498718','1998-03-30','SA_REP',8000.00,0.20,145,80),(154,'Nanette','Cambrault','NCAMBRAU','011.44.1344.987668','1998-12-09','SA_REP',7500.00,0.20,145,80),(155,'Oliver','Tuvault','OTUVAULT','011.44.1344.486508','1999-11-23','SA_REP',7000.00,0.15,145,80),(156,'Janette','King','JKING','011.44.1345.429268','1996-01-30','SA_REP',10000.00,0.35,146,80),(157,'Patrick','Sully','PSULLY','011.44.1345.929268','1996-03-04','SA_REP',9500.00,0.35,146,80),(158,'Allan','McEwen','AMCEWEN','011.44.1345.829268','1996-08-01','SA_REP',9000.00,0.35,146,80),(159,'Lindsey','Smith','LSMITH','011.44.1345.729268','1997-03-10','SA_REP',8000.00,0.30,146,80),(160,'Louise','Doran','LDORAN','011.44.1345.629268','1997-12-15','SA_REP',7500.00,0.30,146,80),(161,'Sarath','Sewall','SSEWALL','011.44.1345.529268','1998-11-03','SA_REP',7000.00,0.25,146,80),(162,'Clara','Vishney','CVISHNEY','011.44.1346.129268','1997-11-11','SA_REP',10500.00,0.25,147,80),(163,'Danielle','Greene','DGREENE','011.44.1346.229268','1999-03-19','SA_REP',9500.00,0.15,147,80),(164,'Mattea','Marvins','MMARVINS','011.44.1346.329268','2000-01-24','SA_REP',7200.00,0.10,147,80),(165,'David','Lee','DLEE','011.44.1346.529268','2000-02-23','SA_REP',6800.00,0.10,147,80),(166,'Sundar','Ande','SANDE','011.44.1346.629268','2000-03-24','SA_REP',6400.00,0.10,147,80),(167,'Amit','Banda','ABANDA','011.44.1346.729268','2000-04-21','SA_REP',6200.00,0.10,147,80),(168,'Lisa','Ozer','LOZER','011.44.1343.929268','1997-03-11','SA_REP',11500.00,0.25,148,80),(169,'Harrison','Bloom','HBLOOM','011.44.1343.829268','1998-03-23','SA_REP',10000.00,0.20,148,80),(170,'Tayler','Fox','TFOX','011.44.1343.729268','1998-01-24','SA_REP',9600.00,0.20,148,80),(171,'William','Smith','WSMITH','011.44.1343.629268','1999-02-23','SA_REP',7400.00,0.15,148,80),(172,'Elizabeth','Bates','EBATES','011.44.1343.529268','1999-03-24','SA_REP',7300.00,0.15,148,80),(173,'Sundita','Kumar','SKUMAR','011.44.1343.329268','2000-04-21','SA_REP',6100.00,0.10,148,80),(174,'Ellen','Abel','EABEL','011.44.1644.429267','1996-05-11','SA_REP',11000.00,0.30,149,80),(175,'Alyssa','Hutton','AHUTTON','011.44.1644.429266','1997-03-19','SA_REP',8800.00,0.25,149,80),(176,'Jonathon','Taylor','JTAYLOR','011.44.1644.429265','1998-03-24','SA_REP',8600.00,0.20,149,80),(177,'Jack','Livingston','JLIVINGS','011.44.1644.429264','1998-04-23','SA_REP',8400.00,0.20,149,80),(178,'Kimberely','Grant','KGRANT','011.44.1644.429263','1999-05-24','SA_REP',7000.00,0.15,149,NULL),(179,'Charles','Johnson','CJOHNSON','011.44.1644.429262','2000-01-04','SA_REP',6200.00,0.10,149,80),(180,'Winston','Taylor','WTAYLOR','650.507.9876','1998-01-24','SH_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,120,50),(181,'Jean','Fleaur','JFLEAUR','650.507.9877','1998-02-23','SH_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,120,50),(182,'Martha','Sullivan','MSULLIVA','650.507.9878','1999-06-21','SH_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,120,50),(183,'Girard','Geoni','GGEONI','650.507.9879','2000-02-03','SH_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,120,50),(184,'Nandita','Sarchand','NSARCHAN','650.509.1876','1996-01-27','SH_CLERK',4200.00,NULL,121,50),(185,'Alexis','Bull','ABULL','650.509.2876','1997-02-20','SH_CLERK',4100.00,NULL,121,50),(186,'Julia','Dellinger','JDELLING','650.509.3876','1998-06-24','SH_CLERK',3400.00,NULL,121,50),(187,'Anthony','Cabrio','ACABRIO','650.509.4876','1999-02-07','SH_CLERK',3000.00,NULL,121,50),(188,'Kelly','Chung','KCHUNG','650.505.1876','1997-06-14','SH_CLERK',3800.00,NULL,122,50),(189,'Jennifer','Dilly','JDILLY','650.505.2876','1997-08-13','SH_CLERK',3600.00,NULL,122,50),(190,'Timothy','Gates','TGATES','650.505.3876','1998-07-11','SH_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,122,50),(191,'Randall','Perkins','RPERKINS','650.505.4876','1999-12-19','SH_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,122,50),(192,'Sarah','Bell','SBELL','650.501.1876','1996-02-04','SH_CLERK',4000.00,NULL,123,50),(193,'Britney','Everett','BEVERETT','650.501.2876','1997-03-03','SH_CLERK',3900.00,NULL,123,50),(194,'Samuel','McCain','SMCCAIN','650.501.3876','1998-07-01','SH_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,123,50),(195,'Vance','Jones','VJONES','650.501.4876','1999-03-17','SH_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,123,50),(196,'Alana','Walsh','AWALSH','650.507.9811','1998-04-24','SH_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,124,50),(197,'Kevin','Feeney','KFEENEY','650.507.9822','1998-05-23','SH_CLERK',3000.00,NULL,124,50),(198,'Donald','OConnell','DOCONNEL','650.507.9833','1999-06-21','SH_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50),(199,'Douglas','Grant','DGRANT','650.507.9844','2000-01-13','SH_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50),(200,'Jennifer','Whalen','JWHALEN','515.123.4444','1987-09-17','AD_ASST',4400.00,NULL,101,10),(201,'Michael','Hartstein','MHARTSTE','515.123.5555','1996-02-17','MK_MAN',13000.00,NULL,100,20),(202,'Pat','Fay','PFAY','603.123.6666','1997-08-17','MK_REP',6000.00,NULL,201,20),(203,'Susan','Mavris','SMAVRIS','515.123.7777','1994-06-07','HR_REP',6500.00,NULL,101,40),(204,'Hermann','Baer','HBAER','515.123.8888','1994-06-07','PR_REP',10000.00,NULL,101,70),(205,'Shelley','Higgins','SHIGGINS','515.123.8080','1994-06-07','AC_MGR',12000.00,NULL,101,110),(206,'William','Gietz','WGIETZ','515.123.8181','1994-06-07','AC_ACCOUNT',8300.00,NULL,205,110);



DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `job_grades`;

CREATE TABLE `job_grades` (
  `grade_level` varchar(3) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '绩效等级',
  `lowest_sal` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '最低工资',
  `highest_sal` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '最高工资'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '绩效等级表';



insert  into `job_grades`(`grade_level`,`lowest_sal`,`highest_sal`) values ('A',1000,2999),('B',3000,5999),('C',6000,9999),('D',10000,14999),('E',15000,24999),('F',25000,40000);



DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `job_history`;

CREATE TABLE `job_history` (
  `employee_id` int(6) NOT NULL COMMENT '员工id',
  `start_date` date NOT NULL COMMENT '开始工作日期',
  `end_date` date NOT NULL COMMENT '结束工作日期',
  `job_id` varchar(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '工作id',
  `department_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '部门id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`employee_id`,`start_date`),
  UNIQUE KEY `jhist_emp_id_st_date_pk` (`employee_id`,`start_date`),
  KEY `jhist_job_fk` (`job_id`),
  KEY `jhist_dept_fk` (`department_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `jhist_dept_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`department_id`) REFERENCES `departments` (`department_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `jhist_emp_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`employee_id`) REFERENCES `employees` (`employee_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `jhist_job_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`job_id`) REFERENCES `jobs` (`job_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '工作经历表';



insert  into `job_history`(`employee_id`,`start_date`,`end_date`,`job_id`,`department_id`) values (101,'1989-09-21','1993-10-27','AC_ACCOUNT',110),(101,'1993-10-28','1997-03-15','AC_MGR',110),(102,'1993-01-13','1998-07-24','IT_PROG',60),(114,'1998-03-24','1999-12-31','ST_CLERK',50),(122,'1999-01-01','1999-12-31','ST_CLERK',50),(176,'1998-03-24','1998-12-31','SA_REP',80),(176,'1999-01-01','1999-12-31','SA_MAN',80),(200,'1987-09-17','1993-06-17','AD_ASST',90),(200,'1994-07-01','1998-12-31','AC_ACCOUNT',90),(201,'1996-02-17','1999-12-19','MK_REP',20);



DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `jobs`;

CREATE TABLE `jobs` (
  `job_id` varchar(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '工作id',
  `job_title` varchar(35) NOT NULL COMMENT '职业名称',
  `min_salary` int(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '最低工资',
  `max_salary` int(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '最高工资',
  PRIMARY KEY (`job_id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `job_id_pk` (`job_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8  COMMENT '工作表，保存工种信息';


insert  into `jobs`(`job_id`,`job_title`,`min_salary`,`max_salary`) values ('AC_ACCOUNT','Public Accountant',4200,9000),('AC_MGR','Accounting Manager',8200,16000),('AD_ASST','Administration Assistant',3000,6000),('AD_PRES','President',20000,40000),('AD_VP','Administration Vice President',15000,30000),('FI_ACCOUNT','Accountant',4200,9000),('FI_MGR','Finance Manager',8200,16000),('HR_REP','Human Resources Representative',4000,9000),('IT_PROG','Programmer',4000,10000),('MK_MAN','Marketing Manager',9000,15000),('MK_REP','Marketing Representative',4000,9000),('PR_REP','Public Relations Representative',4500,10500),('PU_CLERK','Purchasing Clerk',2500,5500),('PU_MAN','Purchasing Manager',8000,15000),('SA_MAN','Sales Manager',10000,20000),('SA_REP','Sales Representative',6000,12000),('SH_CLERK','Shipping Clerk',2500,5500),('ST_CLERK','Stock Clerk',2000,5000),('ST_MAN','Stock Manager',5500,8500);


DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `locations`;

CREATE TABLE `locations` (
  `location_id` int(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '地址id',
  `street_address` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '街道',
  `postal_code` varchar(12) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮政编码',
  `city` varchar(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '城市',
  `state_province` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '省份',
  `country_id` char(2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '国家id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`location_id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `loc_id_pk` (`location_id`),
  KEY `loc_c_id_fk` (`country_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `loc_c_id_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`country_id`) REFERENCES `countries` (`country_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '地址信息表';



insert  into `locations`(`location_id`,`street_address`,`postal_code`,`city`,`state_province`,`country_id`) values (1000,'1297 Via Cola di Rie','00989','Roma',NULL,'IT'),(1100,'93091 Calle della Testa','10934','Venice',NULL,'IT'),(1200,'2017 Shinjuku-ku','1689','Tokyo','Tokyo Prefecture','JP'),(1300,'9450 Kamiya-cho','6823','Hiroshima',NULL,'JP'),(1400,'2014 Jabberwocky Rd','26192','Southlake','Texas','US'),(1500,'2011 Interiors Blvd','99236','South San Francisco','California','US'),(1600,'2007 Zagora St','50090','South Brunswick','New Jersey','US'),(1700,'2004 Charade Rd','98199','Seattle','Washington','US'),(1800,'147 Spadina Ave','M5V 2L7','Toronto','Ontario','CA'),(1900,'6092 Boxwood St','YSW 9T2','Whitehorse','Yukon','CA'),(2000,'40-5-12 Laogianggen','190518','Beijing',NULL,'CN'),(2100,'1298 Vileparle (E)','490231','Bombay','Maharashtra','IN'),(2200,'12-98 Victoria Street','2901','Sydney','New South Wales','AU'),(2300,'198 Clementi North','540198','Singapore',NULL,'SG'),(2400,'8204 Arthur St',NULL,'London',NULL,'UK'),(2500,'Magdalen Centre, The Oxford Science Park','OX9 9ZB','Oxford','Oxford','UK'),(2600,'9702 Chester Road','09629850293','Stretford','Manchester','UK'),(2700,'Schwanthalerstr. 7031','80925','Munich','Bavaria','DE'),(2800,'Rua Frei Caneca 1360 ','01307-002','Sao Paulo','Sao Paulo','BR'),(2900,'20 Rue des Corps-Saints','1730','Geneva','Geneve','CH'),(3000,'Murtenstrasse 921','3095','Bern','BE','CH'),(3100,'Pieter Breughelstraat 837','3029SK','Utrecht','Utrecht','NL'),(3200,'Mariano Escobedo 9991','11932','Mexico City','Distrito Federal,','MX');



DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order`;

CREATE TABLE `order` (
  `order_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单id',
  `order_name` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单名称'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '订单表';



insert  into `order`(`order_id`,`order_name`) values (1,'shkstart'),(2,'tomcat'),(3,'dubbo');


DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `regions`;

CREATE TABLE `regions` (
  `region_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '地区id',
  `region_name` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地区名',
  PRIMARY KEY (`region_id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `reg_id_pk` (`region_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '地区表';



insert  into `regions`(`region_id`,`region_name`) values (1,'Europe'),(2,'Americas'),(3,'Asia'),(4,'Middle East and Africa');

SET foreign_key_checks = 1;  -- 开启外键约束

3.获取数据库连接

（1）用到的jar包
jxl-2.6.12.jar

mysql-connector-java-8.0.28.jar

（2）jdbc.properties配置文件

user = root
password = 123456
url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/jtoe
driverClass = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

（3）获取数据库连接和执行SQL语句

点击查看代码

package com.pxk;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * @author pxk
 * @create 2023-01-16-16:38
 * @describe
 */
public class JDBCUtil {
    //获取连接
    protected static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
        InputStream is = ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");
        Properties pros = new Properties();
        pros.load(is);

        String user = pros.getProperty("user");
        String password = pros.getProperty("password");
        String url = pros.getProperty("url");
        String driverClass = pros.getProperty("driverClass");

        Class.forName(driverClass);
        Connection connect = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        return connect;
    }

    //执行sql返回结果集
    protected static ResultSet executeQuery(String sql, Object... args) {
        ResultSet rs = null;
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        try {
            connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
            ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
                ps.setObject(i + 1, args[i]);  //涉及到数据库的下标都从1开始
            }
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return rs;
    }

    //关闭资源
    protected static void closeResource(ResultSet rs, PreparedStatement ps, Connection conn) {
        try {
            if (rs != null) {
                rs.close();
            }
            closeResource(ps, conn);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    protected static void closeResource(PreparedStatement ps, Connection conn) {
        try {
            if (ps != null) {
                ps.close();
            }
            if (conn != null && conn.isClosed()) {
                conn.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

（4）将数据写入excel

点击查看代码

package com.pxk;

import jxl.CellView;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.format.Alignment;
import jxl.write.*;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author pxk
 * @create 2023-01-16-17:03
 * @describe
 */
public class DbToExcel {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DbToExcel instance = new DbToExcel();
        WritableWorkbook workbook = instance.createWorkbook("数据库说明文档");
        List databases = instance.getDatabases();
        for (int i = 0; i < databases.size(); i++) {
            instance.fieldsToExcel(workbook, (String) databases.get(i), i, databases.size());
        }
    }

    //1.创建Excel文件
    public WritableWorkbook createWorkbook(String fileName) {
        fileName = "D://" + fileName + ".xls";
        WritableWorkbook wwb = null;
        try {
            File file = new File(fileName);
            if (!file.exists()) {
                file.createNewFile();
            }
            wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(file);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return wwb;
    }

    //2.创建sheet页，名字为数据库名，并设置首行格式
    public WritableSheet createTableSheet(WritableWorkbook wwb, String sheetName, String[] sheetTitle, int sheetIndex) {
        WritableSheet ws = null;
        try {
            ws = wwb.createSheet(sheetName, sheetIndex);

            //sheet页首行
            for (int i = 0; i < sheetTitle.length; i++) {
                //设置格式
                WritableFont font = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL, 9, WritableFont.BOLD);
                CellView cellView = new CellView();
                cellView.setAutosize(true); //自动大小
                ws.setColumnView(i,cellView);   //根据内容设置列宽
                WritableCellFormat format = new WritableCellFormat(font);
                format.setAlignment(Alignment.CENTRE);  //居中对齐
                format.setBackground(Colour.YELLOW);   //背景色
                format.setBorder(Border.ALL, jxl.format.BorderLineStyle.THICK, Colour.BLACK);  //边框

                Label label = new Label(i, 0, sheetTitle[i],format);
                ws.addCell(label);
            }
        } catch (WriteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return ws;
    }

    //3.将字段信息写入excel
    public void fieldsToExcel(WritableWorkbook wwb, String dbname, int sheetId, int dbCount) {
        String[] sheetTitle = {"表说明", "表名", "字段名", "字段描述", "字段类型", "默认值", "是否为空"};
        WritableSheet ws = createTableSheet(wwb, dbname, sheetTitle, sheetId);

        //表格指针
        int excelIndex = 0;

        //3.1根据库名查询表名
        String getTableBySchema = "SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.`TABLES` WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = ? ORDER BY TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME;";

        //3.2查询该表字段信息
        String getFieldByTable = "SELECT\n" +
                "\ta.TABLE_COMMENT AS '表说明',\n" +
                "\ta.TABLE_NAME AS '表名',\n" +
                "\tb.COLUMN_NAME AS '字段名',\n" +
                "\tb.COLUMN_COMMENT AS '字段描述',\n" +
                "\tb.COLUMN_TYPE AS '字段类型',\n" +
                "\tb.COLUMN_DEFAULT AS '默认值',\n" +
                "\tb.IS_NULLABLE AS '是否为空'\n" +
                "FROM\n" +
                "\tinformation_schema.`TABLES` AS a\n" +
                "JOIN information_schema.`COLUMNS` AS b ON a.TABLE_SCHEMA = b.TABLE_SCHEMA\n" +
                "AND a.TABLE_NAME = b.TABLE_NAME\n" +
                "WHERE a.TABLE_SCHEMA = ? AND a.TABLE_NAME = ?\n" +
                "ORDER BY b.ORDINAL_POSITION;";

        ResultSet tables = JDBCUtil.executeQuery(getTableBySchema,dbname);
        ResultSet fields=null;
        try {
            //遍历表得到表名
            while (tables.next()) {
                String tableName = tables.getObject(1) + "";
                fields = JDBCUtil.executeQuery(getFieldByTable, dbname, tableName);
                int fieldsColumns = getColumns(fields);

                //遍历字段信息
                while (fields.next()) {
                    for (int i = 0; i < fieldsColumns; i++) {
                        String fieldDetail = fields.getObject(i + 1) + "";
                        Label label = new Label(i, excelIndex + 1, fieldDetail);
                        ws.addCell(label);
                    }
                    excelIndex++;
                }

            }
            //已经是最后一个数据库，可以写入excel并关闭了
            if (sheetId == (dbCount - 1)) {
                wwb.write();
                wwb.close();
                if (tables!=null){
                    tables.close();
                }
                if (fields!=null){
                    fields.close();
                }
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (WriteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //获取该连接的用户数据库
    public List getDatabases() {
        List<String> databases = new ArrayList<>();
        String getDatabases = "SHOW DATABASES;";
        ResultSet rs = JDBCUtil.executeQuery(getDatabases);
        try {
            while (rs.next()) {
                String dbName = rs.getObject(1) + "";

                //系统自带的库不要
                if (dbName.equals("information_schema") || dbName.equals("mysql") || dbName.equals("performance_schema")||dbName.equals("sys")) {
                    continue;
                }
                databases.add(dbName);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                if (rs!=null){
                    rs.close();
                }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return databases;

    }

    //获取行数
    private int getRows(ResultSet resultset) throws SQLException {
        resultset.last();
        int rowCount = resultset.getRow();
        resultset.first();
        return rowCount;
    }

    //获取列数
    private int getColumns(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
        ResultSetMetaData rsmd = resultSet.getMetaData();
        return rsmd.getColumnCount();
    }

}