【Java】将数据库表信息导入到Excel表格中生成数据库字典
1.步骤
（1）获取数据库连接，执行SQL查询
（2）创建Excel表格，创建sheet页，设置格式
（3）根据库名查询表信息，根据表名查询字段信息
（4）将数据导入到Excel中
2.数据库表信息
这是其中一个库的表信息
点击查看代码
SET foreign_key_checks = 0; -- 关闭外键约束 drop DATABASE IF EXISTS `jtoe`; CREATE DATABASE `jtoe`; USE `jtoe`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `countries`; CREATE TABLE `countries` ( `country_id` char(2) NOT NULL COMMENT '国家id', `country_name` varchar(40) DEFAULT '中国' COMMENT '国家名称', `region_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地区id', PRIMARY KEY (`country_id`), KEY `countr_reg_fk` (`region_id`), CONSTRAINT `countr_reg_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`region_id`) REFERENCES `regions` (`region_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '国家表,保存国家信息'; insert into `countries`(`country_id`,`country_name`,`region_id`) values ('AR','Argentina',2),('AU','Australia',3),('BE','Belgium',1),('BR','Brazil',2),('CA','Canada',2),('CH','Switzerland',1),('CN','China',3),('DE','Germany',1),('DK','Denmark',1),('EG','Egypt',4),('FR','France',1),('HK','HongKong',3),('IL','Israel',4),('IN','India',3),('IT','Italy',1),('JP','Japan',3),('KW','Kuwait',4),('MX','Mexico',2),('NG','Nigeria',4),('NL','Netherlands',1),('SG','Singapore',3),('UK','United Kingdom',1),('US','United States of America',2),('ZM','Zambia',4),('ZW','Zimbabwe',4); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `departments`; CREATE TABLE `departments` ( `department_id` int(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '部门id', `department_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '部门名称', `manager_id` int(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '经理id', `location_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址id', PRIMARY KEY (`department_id`), UNIQUE KEY `dept_id_pk` (`department_id`), KEY `dept_loc_fk` (`location_id`), KEY `dept_mgr_fk` (`manager_id`), CONSTRAINT `dept_loc_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`location_id`) REFERENCES `locations` (`location_id`), CONSTRAINT `dept_mgr_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`manager_id`) REFERENCES `employees` (`employee_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '部门表'; /*Data for the table `departments` */ insert into `departments`(`department_id`,`department_name`,`manager_id`,`location_id`) values (10,'Administration',200,1700),(20,'Marketing',201,1800),(30,'Purchasing',114,1700),(40,'Human Resources',203,2400),(50,'Shipping',121,1500),(60,'IT',103,1400),(70,'Public Relations',204,2700),(80,'Sales',145,2500),(90,'Executive',100,1700),(100,'Finance',108,1700),(110,'Accounting',205,1700),(120,'Treasury',NULL,1700),(130,'Corporate Tax',NULL,1700),(140,'Control And Credit',NULL,1700),(150,'Shareholder Services',NULL,1700),(160,'Benefits',NULL,1700),(170,'Manufacturing',NULL,1700),(180,'Construction',NULL,1700),(190,'Contracting',NULL,1700),(200,'Operations',NULL,1700),(210,'IT Support',NULL,1700),(220,'NOC',NULL,1700),(230,'IT Helpdesk',NULL,1700),(240,'Government Sales',NULL,1700),(250,'Retail Sales',NULL,1700),(260,'Recruiting',NULL,1700),(270,'Payroll',NULL,1700); /*Table structure for table `employees` */ DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employees`; CREATE TABLE `employees` ( `employee_id` int(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '员工id', `first_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '姓', `last_name` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT '名', `email` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT '邮箱', `phone_number` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号', `hire_date` date NOT NULL COMMENT '入职日期', `job_id` varchar(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '工作id', `salary` double(8,2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '工资', `commission_pct` double(2,2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '奖金', `manager_id` int(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '经理id', `department_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '部门id', PRIMARY KEY (`employee_id`), UNIQUE KEY `emp_email_uk` (`email`), UNIQUE KEY `emp_emp_id_pk` (`employee_id`), KEY `emp_dept_fk` (`department_id`), KEY `emp_job_fk` (`job_id`), KEY `emp_manager_fk` (`manager_id`), CONSTRAINT `emp_dept_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`department_id`) REFERENCES `departments` (`department_id`), CONSTRAINT `emp_job_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`job_id`) REFERENCES `jobs` (`job_id`), CONSTRAINT `emp_manager_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`manager_id`) REFERENCES `employees` (`employee_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '员工表'; insert into `employees`(`employee_id`,`first_name`,`last_name`,`email`,`phone_number`,`hire_date`,`job_id`,`salary`,`commission_pct`,`manager_id`,`department_id`) values (100,'Steven','King','SKING','515.123.4567','1987-06-17','AD_PRES',24000.00,NULL,NULL,90),(101,'Neena','Kochhar','NKOCHHAR','515.123.4568','1989-09-21','AD_VP',17000.00,NULL,100,90),(102,'Lex','De Haan','LDEHAAN','515.123.4569','1993-01-13','AD_VP',17000.00,NULL,100,90),(103,'Alexander','Hunold','AHUNOLD','590.423.4567','1990-01-03','IT_PROG',9000.00,NULL,102,60),(104,'Bruce','Ernst','BERNST','590.423.4568','1991-05-21','IT_PROG',6000.00,NULL,103,60),(105,'David','Austin','DAUSTIN','590.423.4569','1997-06-25','IT_PROG',4800.00,NULL,103,60),(106,'Valli','Pataballa','VPATABAL','590.423.4560','1998-02-05','IT_PROG',4800.00,NULL,103,60),(107,'Diana','Lorentz','DLORENTZ','590.423.5567','1999-02-07','IT_PROG',4200.00,NULL,103,60),(108,'Nancy','Greenberg','NGREENBE','515.124.4569','1994-08-17','FI_MGR',12000.00,NULL,101,100),(109,'Daniel','Faviet','DFAVIET','515.124.4169','1994-08-16','FI_ACCOUNT',9000.00,NULL,108,100),(110,'John','Chen','JCHEN','515.124.4269','1997-09-28','FI_ACCOUNT',8200.00,NULL,108,100),(111,'Ismael','Sciarra','ISCIARRA','515.124.4369','1997-09-30','FI_ACCOUNT',7700.00,NULL,108,100),(112,'Jose Manuel','Urman','JMURMAN','515.124.4469','1998-03-07','FI_ACCOUNT',7800.00,NULL,108,100),(113,'Luis','Popp','LPOPP','515.124.4567','1999-12-07','FI_ACCOUNT',6900.00,NULL,108,100),(114,'Den','Raphaely','DRAPHEAL','515.127.4561','1994-12-07','PU_MAN',11000.00,NULL,100,30),(115,'Alexander','Khoo','AKHOO','515.127.4562','1995-05-18','PU_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,114,30),(116,'Shelli','Baida','SBAIDA','515.127.4563','1997-12-24','PU_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,114,30),(117,'Sigal','Tobias','STOBIAS','515.127.4564','1997-07-24','PU_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,114,30),(118,'Guy','Himuro','GHIMURO','515.127.4565','1998-11-15','PU_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,114,30),(119,'Karen','Colmenares','KCOLMENA','515.127.4566','1999-08-10','PU_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,114,30),(120,'Matthew','Weiss','MWEISS','650.123.1234','1996-07-18','ST_MAN',8000.00,NULL,100,50),(121,'Adam','Fripp','AFRIPP','650.123.2234','1997-04-10','ST_MAN',8200.00,NULL,100,50),(122,'Payam','Kaufling','PKAUFLIN','650.123.3234','1995-05-01','ST_MAN',7900.00,NULL,100,50),(123,'Shanta','Vollman','SVOLLMAN','650.123.4234','1997-10-10','ST_MAN',6500.00,NULL,100,50),(124,'Kevin','Mourgos','KMOURGOS','650.123.5234','1999-11-16','ST_MAN',5800.00,NULL,100,50),(125,'Julia','Nayer','JNAYER','650.124.1214','1997-07-16','ST_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,120,50),(126,'Irene','Mikkilineni','IMIKKILI','650.124.1224','1998-09-28','ST_CLERK',2700.00,NULL,120,50),(127,'James','Landry','JLANDRY','650.124.1334','1999-01-14','ST_CLERK',2400.00,NULL,120,50),(128,'Steven','Markle','SMARKLE','650.124.1434','2000-03-08','ST_CLERK',2200.00,NULL,120,50),(129,'Laura','Bissot','LBISSOT','650.124.5234','1997-08-20','ST_CLERK',3300.00,NULL,121,50),(130,'Mozhe','Atkinson','MATKINSO','650.124.6234','1997-10-30','ST_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,121,50),(131,'James','Marlow','JAMRLOW','650.124.7234','1997-02-16','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,121,50),(132,'TJ','Olson','TJOLSON','650.124.8234','1999-04-10','ST_CLERK',2100.00,NULL,121,50),(133,'Jason','Mallin','JMALLIN','650.127.1934','1996-06-14','ST_CLERK',3300.00,NULL,122,50),(134,'Michael','Rogers','MROGERS','650.127.1834','1998-08-26','ST_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,122,50),(135,'Ki','Gee','KGEE','650.127.1734','1999-12-12','ST_CLERK',2400.00,NULL,122,50),(136,'Hazel','Philtanker','HPHILTAN','650.127.1634','2000-02-06','ST_CLERK',2200.00,NULL,122,50),(137,'Renske','Ladwig','RLADWIG','650.121.1234','1995-07-14','ST_CLERK',3600.00,NULL,123,50),(138,'Stephen','Stiles','SSTILES','650.121.2034','1997-10-26','ST_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,123,50),(139,'John','Seo','JSEO','650.121.2019','1998-02-12','ST_CLERK',2700.00,NULL,123,50),(140,'Joshua','Patel','JPATEL','650.121.1834','1998-04-06','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,123,50),(141,'Trenna','Rajs','TRAJS','650.121.8009','1995-10-17','ST_CLERK',3500.00,NULL,124,50),(142,'Curtis','Davies','CDAVIES','650.121.2994','1997-01-29','ST_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,124,50),(143,'Randall','Matos','RMATOS','650.121.2874','1998-03-15','ST_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50),(144,'Peter','Vargas','PVARGAS','650.121.2004','1998-07-09','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,124,50),(145,'John','Russell','JRUSSEL','011.44.1344.429268','1996-10-01','SA_MAN',14000.00,0.40,100,80),(146,'Karen','Partners','KPARTNER','011.44.1344.467268','1997-01-05','SA_MAN',13500.00,0.30,100,80),(147,'Alberto','Errazuriz','AERRAZUR','011.44.1344.429278','1997-03-10','SA_MAN',12000.00,0.30,100,80),(148,'Gerald','Cambrault','GCAMBRAU','011.44.1344.619268','1999-10-15','SA_MAN',11000.00,0.30,100,80),(149,'Eleni','Zlotkey','EZLOTKEY','011.44.1344.429018','2000-01-29','SA_MAN',10500.00,0.20,100,80),(150,'Peter','Tucker','PTUCKER','011.44.1344.129268','1997-01-30','SA_REP',10000.00,0.30,145,80),(151,'David','Bernstein','DBERNSTE','011.44.1344.345268','1997-03-24','SA_REP',9500.00,0.25,145,80),(152,'Peter','Hall','PHALL','011.44.1344.478968','1997-08-20','SA_REP',9000.00,0.25,145,80),(153,'Christopher','Olsen','COLSEN','011.44.1344.498718','1998-03-30','SA_REP',8000.00,0.20,145,80),(154,'Nanette','Cambrault','NCAMBRAU','011.44.1344.987668','1998-12-09','SA_REP',7500.00,0.20,145,80),(155,'Oliver','Tuvault','OTUVAULT','011.44.1344.486508','1999-11-23','SA_REP',7000.00,0.15,145,80),(156,'Janette','King','JKING','011.44.1345.429268','1996-01-30','SA_REP',10000.00,0.35,146,80),(157,'Patrick','Sully','PSULLY','011.44.1345.929268','1996-03-04','SA_REP',9500.00,0.35,146,80),(158,'Allan','McEwen','AMCEWEN','011.44.1345.829268','1996-08-01','SA_REP',9000.00,0.35,146,80),(159,'Lindsey','Smith','LSMITH','011.44.1345.729268','1997-03-10','SA_REP',8000.00,0.30,146,80),(160,'Louise','Doran','LDORAN','011.44.1345.629268','1997-12-15','SA_REP',7500.00,0.30,146,80),(161,'Sarath','Sewall','SSEWALL','011.44.1345.529268','1998-11-03','SA_REP',7000.00,0.25,146,80),(162,'Clara','Vishney','CVISHNEY','011.44.1346.129268','1997-11-11','SA_REP',10500.00,0.25,147,80),(163,'Danielle','Greene','DGREENE','011.44.1346.229268','1999-03-19','SA_REP',9500.00,0.15,147,80),(164,'Mattea','Marvins','MMARVINS','011.44.1346.329268','2000-01-24','SA_REP',7200.00,0.10,147,80),(165,'David','Lee','DLEE','011.44.1346.529268','2000-02-23','SA_REP',6800.00,0.10,147,80),(166,'Sundar','Ande','SANDE','011.44.1346.629268','2000-03-24','SA_REP',6400.00,0.10,147,80),(167,'Amit','Banda','ABANDA','011.44.1346.729268','2000-04-21','SA_REP',6200.00,0.10,147,80),(168,'Lisa','Ozer','LOZER','011.44.1343.929268','1997-03-11','SA_REP',11500.00,0.25,148,80),(169,'Harrison','Bloom','HBLOOM','011.44.1343.829268','1998-03-23','SA_REP',10000.00,0.20,148,80),(170,'Tayler','Fox','TFOX','011.44.1343.729268','1998-01-24','SA_REP',9600.00,0.20,148,80),(171,'William','Smith','WSMITH','011.44.1343.629268','1999-02-23','SA_REP',7400.00,0.15,148,80),(172,'Elizabeth','Bates','EBATES','011.44.1343.529268','1999-03-24','SA_REP',7300.00,0.15,148,80),(173,'Sundita','Kumar','SKUMAR','011.44.1343.329268','2000-04-21','SA_REP',6100.00,0.10,148,80),(174,'Ellen','Abel','EABEL','011.44.1644.429267','1996-05-11','SA_REP',11000.00,0.30,149,80),(175,'Alyssa','Hutton','AHUTTON','011.44.1644.429266','1997-03-19','SA_REP',8800.00,0.25,149,80),(176,'Jonathon','Taylor','JTAYLOR','011.44.1644.429265','1998-03-24','SA_REP',8600.00,0.20,149,80),(177,'Jack','Livingston','JLIVINGS','011.44.1644.429264','1998-04-23','SA_REP',8400.00,0.20,149,80),(178,'Kimberely','Grant','KGRANT','011.44.1644.429263','1999-05-24','SA_REP',7000.00,0.15,149,NULL),(179,'Charles','Johnson','CJOHNSON','011.44.1644.429262','2000-01-04','SA_REP',6200.00,0.10,149,80),(180,'Winston','Taylor','WTAYLOR','650.507.9876','1998-01-24','SH_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,120,50),(181,'Jean','Fleaur','JFLEAUR','650.507.9877','1998-02-23','SH_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,120,50),(182,'Martha','Sullivan','MSULLIVA','650.507.9878','1999-06-21','SH_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,120,50),(183,'Girard','Geoni','GGEONI','650.507.9879','2000-02-03','SH_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,120,50),(184,'Nandita','Sarchand','NSARCHAN','650.509.1876','1996-01-27','SH_CLERK',4200.00,NULL,121,50),(185,'Alexis','Bull','ABULL','650.509.2876','1997-02-20','SH_CLERK',4100.00,NULL,121,50),(186,'Julia','Dellinger','JDELLING','650.509.3876','1998-06-24','SH_CLERK',3400.00,NULL,121,50),(187,'Anthony','Cabrio','ACABRIO','650.509.4876','1999-02-07','SH_CLERK',3000.00,NULL,121,50),(188,'Kelly','Chung','KCHUNG','650.505.1876','1997-06-14','SH_CLERK',3800.00,NULL,122,50),(189,'Jennifer','Dilly','JDILLY','650.505.2876','1997-08-13','SH_CLERK',3600.00,NULL,122,50),(190,'Timothy','Gates','TGATES','650.505.3876','1998-07-11','SH_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,122,50),(191,'Randall','Perkins','RPERKINS','650.505.4876','1999-12-19','SH_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,122,50),(192,'Sarah','Bell','SBELL','650.501.1876','1996-02-04','SH_CLERK',4000.00,NULL,123,50),(193,'Britney','Everett','BEVERETT','650.501.2876','1997-03-03','SH_CLERK',3900.00,NULL,123,50),(194,'Samuel','McCain','SMCCAIN','650.501.3876','1998-07-01','SH_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,123,50),(195,'Vance','Jones','VJONES','650.501.4876','1999-03-17','SH_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,123,50),(196,'Alana','Walsh','AWALSH','650.507.9811','1998-04-24','SH_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,124,50),(197,'Kevin','Feeney','KFEENEY','650.507.9822','1998-05-23','SH_CLERK',3000.00,NULL,124,50),(198,'Donald','OConnell','DOCONNEL','650.507.9833','1999-06-21','SH_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50),(199,'Douglas','Grant','DGRANT','650.507.9844','2000-01-13','SH_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50),(200,'Jennifer','Whalen','JWHALEN','515.123.4444','1987-09-17','AD_ASST',4400.00,NULL,101,10),(201,'Michael','Hartstein','MHARTSTE','515.123.5555','1996-02-17','MK_MAN',13000.00,NULL,100,20),(202,'Pat','Fay','PFAY','603.123.6666','1997-08-17','MK_REP',6000.00,NULL,201,20),(203,'Susan','Mavris','SMAVRIS','515.123.7777','1994-06-07','HR_REP',6500.00,NULL,101,40),(204,'Hermann','Baer','HBAER','515.123.8888','1994-06-07','PR_REP',10000.00,NULL,101,70),(205,'Shelley','Higgins','SHIGGINS','515.123.8080','1994-06-07','AC_MGR',12000.00,NULL,101,110),(206,'William','Gietz','WGIETZ','515.123.8181','1994-06-07','AC_ACCOUNT',8300.00,NULL,205,110); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `job_grades`; CREATE TABLE `job_grades` ( `grade_level` varchar(3) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '绩效等级', `lowest_sal` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '最低工资', `highest_sal` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '最高工资' ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '绩效等级表'; insert into `job_grades`(`grade_level`,`lowest_sal`,`highest_sal`) values ('A',1000,2999),('B',3000,5999),('C',6000,9999),('D',10000,14999),('E',15000,24999),('F',25000,40000); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `job_history`; CREATE TABLE `job_history` ( `employee_id` int(6) NOT NULL COMMENT '员工id', `start_date` date NOT NULL COMMENT '开始工作日期', `end_date` date NOT NULL COMMENT '结束工作日期', `job_id` varchar(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '工作id', `department_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '部门id', PRIMARY KEY (`employee_id`,`start_date`), UNIQUE KEY `jhist_emp_id_st_date_pk` (`employee_id`,`start_date`), KEY `jhist_job_fk` (`job_id`), KEY `jhist_dept_fk` (`department_id`), CONSTRAINT `jhist_dept_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`department_id`) REFERENCES `departments` (`department_id`), CONSTRAINT `jhist_emp_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`employee_id`) REFERENCES `employees` (`employee_id`), CONSTRAINT `jhist_job_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`job_id`) REFERENCES `jobs` (`job_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '工作经历表'; insert into `job_history`(`employee_id`,`start_date`,`end_date`,`job_id`,`department_id`) values (101,'1989-09-21','1993-10-27','AC_ACCOUNT',110),(101,'1993-10-28','1997-03-15','AC_MGR',110),(102,'1993-01-13','1998-07-24','IT_PROG',60),(114,'1998-03-24','1999-12-31','ST_CLERK',50),(122,'1999-01-01','1999-12-31','ST_CLERK',50),(176,'1998-03-24','1998-12-31','SA_REP',80),(176,'1999-01-01','1999-12-31','SA_MAN',80),(200,'1987-09-17','1993-06-17','AD_ASST',90),(200,'1994-07-01','1998-12-31','AC_ACCOUNT',90),(201,'1996-02-17','1999-12-19','MK_REP',20); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `jobs`; CREATE TABLE `jobs` ( `job_id` varchar(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '工作id', `job_title` varchar(35) NOT NULL COMMENT '职业名称', `min_salary` int(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '最低工资', `max_salary` int(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '最高工资', PRIMARY KEY (`job_id`), UNIQUE KEY `job_id_pk` (`job_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '工作表，保存工种信息'; insert into `jobs`(`job_id`,`job_title`,`min_salary`,`max_salary`) values ('AC_ACCOUNT','Public Accountant',4200,9000),('AC_MGR','Accounting Manager',8200,16000),('AD_ASST','Administration Assistant',3000,6000),('AD_PRES','President',20000,40000),('AD_VP','Administration Vice President',15000,30000),('FI_ACCOUNT','Accountant',4200,9000),('FI_MGR','Finance Manager',8200,16000),('HR_REP','Human Resources Representative',4000,9000),('IT_PROG','Programmer',4000,10000),('MK_MAN','Marketing Manager',9000,15000),('MK_REP','Marketing Representative',4000,9000),('PR_REP','Public Relations Representative',4500,10500),('PU_CLERK','Purchasing Clerk',2500,5500),('PU_MAN','Purchasing Manager',8000,15000),('SA_MAN','Sales Manager',10000,20000),('SA_REP','Sales Representative',6000,12000),('SH_CLERK','Shipping Clerk',2500,5500),('ST_CLERK','Stock Clerk',2000,5000),('ST_MAN','Stock Manager',5500,8500); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `locations`; CREATE TABLE `locations` ( `location_id` int(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '地址id', `street_address` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '街道', `postal_code` varchar(12) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮政编码', `city` varchar(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '城市', `state_province` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '省份', `country_id` char(2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '国家id', PRIMARY KEY (`location_id`), UNIQUE KEY `loc_id_pk` (`location_id`), KEY `loc_c_id_fk` (`country_id`), CONSTRAINT `loc_c_id_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`country_id`) REFERENCES `countries` (`country_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '地址信息表'; insert into `locations`(`location_id`,`street_address`,`postal_code`,`city`,`state_province`,`country_id`) values (1000,'1297 Via Cola di Rie','00989','Roma',NULL,'IT'),(1100,'93091 Calle della Testa','10934','Venice',NULL,'IT'),(1200,'2017 Shinjuku-ku','1689','Tokyo','Tokyo Prefecture','JP'),(1300,'9450 Kamiya-cho','6823','Hiroshima',NULL,'JP'),(1400,'2014 Jabberwocky Rd','26192','Southlake','Texas','US'),(1500,'2011 Interiors Blvd','99236','South San Francisco','California','US'),(1600,'2007 Zagora St','50090','South Brunswick','New Jersey','US'),(1700,'2004 Charade Rd','98199','Seattle','Washington','US'),(1800,'147 Spadina Ave','M5V 2L7','Toronto','Ontario','CA'),(1900,'6092 Boxwood St','YSW 9T2','Whitehorse','Yukon','CA'),(2000,'40-5-12 Laogianggen','190518','Beijing',NULL,'CN'),(2100,'1298 Vileparle (E)','490231','Bombay','Maharashtra','IN'),(2200,'12-98 Victoria Street','2901','Sydney','New South Wales','AU'),(2300,'198 Clementi North','540198','Singapore',NULL,'SG'),(2400,'8204 Arthur St',NULL,'London',NULL,'UK'),(2500,'Magdalen Centre, The Oxford Science Park','OX9 9ZB','Oxford','Oxford','UK'),(2600,'9702 Chester Road','09629850293','Stretford','Manchester','UK'),(2700,'Schwanthalerstr. 7031','80925','Munich','Bavaria','DE'),(2800,'Rua Frei Caneca 1360 ','01307-002','Sao Paulo','Sao Paulo','BR'),(2900,'20 Rue des Corps-Saints','1730','Geneva','Geneve','CH'),(3000,'Murtenstrasse 921','3095','Bern','BE','CH'),(3100,'Pieter Breughelstraat 837','3029SK','Utrecht','Utrecht','NL'),(3200,'Mariano Escobedo 9991','11932','Mexico City','Distrito Federal,','MX'); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order`; CREATE TABLE `order` ( `order_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单id', `order_name` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单名称' ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '订单表'; insert into `order`(`order_id`,`order_name`) values (1,'shkstart'),(2,'tomcat'),(3,'dubbo'); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `regions`; CREATE TABLE `regions` ( `region_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '地区id', `region_name` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地区名', PRIMARY KEY (`region_id`), UNIQUE KEY `reg_id_pk` (`region_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT '地区表'; insert into `regions`(`region_id`,`region_name`) values (1,'Europe'),(2,'Americas'),(3,'Asia'),(4,'Middle East and Africa'); SET foreign_key_checks = 1; -- 开启外键约束
3.获取数据库连接
（1）用到的jar包
jxl-2.6.12.jar
mysql-connector-java-8.0.28.jar
（2）jdbc.properties配置文件
user = root password = 123456 url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/jtoe driverClass = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
（3）获取数据库连接和执行SQL语句
点击查看代码
package com.pxk; import java.io.InputStream; import java.sql.*; import java.util.Properties; /** * @author pxk * @create 2023-01-16-16:38 * @describe */ public class JDBCUtil { //获取连接 protected static Connection getConnection() throws Exception { InputStream is = ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties"); Properties pros = new Properties(); pros.load(is); String user = pros.getProperty("user"); String password = pros.getProperty("password"); String url = pros.getProperty("url"); String driverClass = pros.getProperty("driverClass"); Class.forName(driverClass); Connection connect = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password); return connect; } //执行sql返回结果集 protected static ResultSet executeQuery(String sql, Object... args) { ResultSet rs = null; Connection connection = null; PreparedStatement ps = null; try { connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection(); ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql); for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { ps.setObject(i + 1, args[i]); //涉及到数据库的下标都从1开始 } rs = ps.executeQuery(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return rs; } //关闭资源 protected static void closeResource(ResultSet rs, PreparedStatement ps, Connection conn) { try { if (rs != null) { rs.close(); } closeResource(ps, conn); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } protected static void closeResource(PreparedStatement ps, Connection conn) { try { if (ps != null) { ps.close(); } if (conn != null && conn.isClosed()) { conn.close(); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
（4）将数据写入excel
点击查看代码
package com.pxk; import jxl.CellView; import jxl.Workbook; import jxl.format.Alignment; import jxl.write.*; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** * @author pxk * @create 2023-01-16-17:03 * @describe */ public class DbToExcel { public static void main(String[] args) { DbToExcel instance = new DbToExcel(); WritableWorkbook workbook = instance.createWorkbook("数据库说明文档"); List databases = instance.getDatabases(); for (int i = 0; i < databases.size(); i++) { instance.fieldsToExcel(workbook, (String) databases.get(i), i, databases.size()); } } //1.创建Excel文件 public WritableWorkbook createWorkbook(String fileName) { fileName = "D://" + fileName + ".xls"; WritableWorkbook wwb = null; try { File file = new File(fileName); if (!file.exists()) { file.createNewFile(); } wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(file); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return wwb; } //2.创建sheet页，名字为数据库名，并设置首行格式 public WritableSheet createTableSheet(WritableWorkbook wwb, String sheetName, String[] sheetTitle, int sheetIndex) { WritableSheet ws = null; try { ws = wwb.createSheet(sheetName, sheetIndex); //sheet页首行 for (int i = 0; i < sheetTitle.length; i++) { //设置格式 WritableFont font = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL, 9, WritableFont.BOLD); CellView cellView = new CellView(); cellView.setAutosize(true); //自动大小 ws.setColumnView(i,cellView); //根据内容设置列宽 WritableCellFormat format = new WritableCellFormat(font); format.setAlignment(Alignment.CENTRE); //居中对齐 format.setBackground(Colour.YELLOW); //背景色 format.setBorder(Border.ALL, jxl.format.BorderLineStyle.THICK, Colour.BLACK); //边框 Label label = new Label(i, 0, sheetTitle[i],format); ws.addCell(label); } } catch (WriteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return ws; } //3.将字段信息写入excel public void fieldsToExcel(WritableWorkbook wwb, String dbname, int sheetId, int dbCount) { String[] sheetTitle = {"表说明", "表名", "字段名", "字段描述", "字段类型", "默认值", "是否为空"}; WritableSheet ws = createTableSheet(wwb, dbname, sheetTitle, sheetId); //表格指针 int excelIndex = 0; //3.1根据库名查询表名 String getTableBySchema = "SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.`TABLES` WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = ? ORDER BY TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME;"; //3.2查询该表字段信息 String getFieldByTable = "SELECT\n" + "\ta.TABLE_COMMENT AS '表说明',\n" + "\ta.TABLE_NAME AS '表名',\n" + "\tb.COLUMN_NAME AS '字段名',\n" + "\tb.COLUMN_COMMENT AS '字段描述',\n" + "\tb.COLUMN_TYPE AS '字段类型',\n" + "\tb.COLUMN_DEFAULT AS '默认值',\n" + "\tb.IS_NULLABLE AS '是否为空'\n" + "FROM\n" + "\tinformation_schema.`TABLES` AS a\n" + "JOIN information_schema.`COLUMNS` AS b ON a.TABLE_SCHEMA = b.TABLE_SCHEMA\n" + "AND a.TABLE_NAME = b.TABLE_NAME\n" + "WHERE a.TABLE_SCHEMA = ? AND a.TABLE_NAME = ?\n" + "ORDER BY b.ORDINAL_POSITION;"; ResultSet tables = JDBCUtil.executeQuery(getTableBySchema,dbname); ResultSet fields=null; try { //遍历表得到表名 while (tables.next()) { String tableName = tables.getObject(1) + ""; fields = JDBCUtil.executeQuery(getFieldByTable, dbname, tableName); int fieldsColumns = getColumns(fields); //遍历字段信息 while (fields.next()) { for (int i = 0; i < fieldsColumns; i++) { String fieldDetail = fields.getObject(i + 1) + ""; Label label = new Label(i, excelIndex + 1, fieldDetail); ws.addCell(label); } excelIndex++; } } //已经是最后一个数据库，可以写入excel并关闭了 if (sheetId == (dbCount - 1)) { wwb.write(); wwb.close(); if (tables!=null){ tables.close(); } if (fields!=null){ fields.close(); } } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (WriteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } //获取该连接的用户数据库 public List getDatabases() { List<String> databases = new ArrayList<>(); String getDatabases = "SHOW DATABASES;"; ResultSet rs = JDBCUtil.executeQuery(getDatabases); try { while (rs.next()) { String dbName = rs.getObject(1) + ""; //系统自带的库不要 if (dbName.equals("information_schema") || dbName.equals("mysql") || dbName.equals("performance_schema")||dbName.equals("sys")) { continue; } databases.add(dbName); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { try { if (rs!=null){ rs.close(); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return databases; } //获取行数 private int getRows(ResultSet resultset) throws SQLException { resultset.last(); int rowCount = resultset.getRow(); resultset.first(); return rowCount; } //获取列数 private int getColumns(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException { ResultSetMetaData rsmd = resultSet.getMetaData(); return rsmd.getColumnCount(); } }
4.结果
每个库作为一个sheet页，只能查询一个数据库连接下的信息，其他连接需要修改配置文件
ps:有的资源没有关闭
参考链接：
分类:
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