【Python】第一个Python程序
1.Python实现Hello World
(1)编写代码
print('hello, world!')
(2)保存为hello.py文件
(3)运行程序
2.练习
(1)翻译以下程序运行后的结果
import this
(2)使用turtle绘制图形
import turtle
turtle.pensize(4)
turtle.pencolor('red')
turtle.forward(100)
turtle.right(90)
turtle.forward(100)
turtle.right(90)
turtle.forward(100)
turtle.right(90)
turtle.forward(100)
turtle.mainloop()
保存为flag.py,然后执行
(3)使用tutle画小猪佩奇
点击查看代码:tutle绘制小猪佩奇
"""
绘制小猪佩奇
"""
from turtle import *
def nose(x,y):
"""画鼻子"""
penup()
# 将海龟移动到指定的坐标
goto(x,y)
pendown()
# 设置海龟的方向(0-东、90-北、180-西、270-南)
setheading(-30)
begin_fill()
a = 0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i <90:
a = a + 0.08
# 向左转3度
left(3)
# 向前走
forward(a)
else:
a = a - 0.08
left(3)
forward(a)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(25)
setheading(0)
forward(10)
pendown()
# 设置画笔的颜色(红, 绿, 蓝)
pencolor(255, 155, 192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160, 82, 45)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(0)
forward(20)
pendown()
pencolor(255, 155, 192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160, 82, 45)
end_fill()
def head(x, y):
"""画头"""
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
penup()
goto(x,y)
setheading(0)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(180)
circle(300, -30)
circle(100, -60)
circle(80, -100)
circle(150, -20)
circle(60, -95)
setheading(161)
circle(-300, 15)
penup()
goto(-100, 100)
pendown()
setheading(-30)
a = 0.4
for i in range(60):
if 0<= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
lt(3) #向左转3度
fd(a) #向前走a的步长
else:
a = a - 0.08
lt(3)
fd(a)
end_fill()
def ears(x,y):
"""画耳朵"""
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-10, 120)
circle(-50, 54)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-12)
setheading(0)
forward(30)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-10, 120)
circle(-50, 56)
end_fill()
def eyes(x,y):
"""画眼睛"""
color((255, 155, 192), "white")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-20)
setheading(0)
forward(-95)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill()
color("black")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill()
color((255, 155, 192), "white")
penup()
seth(90)
forward(-25)
seth(0)
forward(40)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill()
color("black")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill()
def cheek(x,y):
"""画脸颊"""
color((255, 155, 192))
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
setheading(0)
begin_fill()
circle(30)
end_fill()
def mouth(x,y):
"""画嘴巴"""
color(239, 69, 19)
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
setheading(-80)
circle(30, 40)
circle(40, 80)
def setting():
"""设置参数"""
pensize(4)
# 隐藏海龟
hideturtle()
colormode(255)
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
setup(840, 500)
speed(10)
def main():
"""主函数"""
setting()
nose(-100, 100)
head(-69, 167)
ears(0, 160)
eyes(0, 140)
cheek(80, 10)
mouth(-20, 30)
done()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
3.开发工具选择
(1)IDLE
Python自带的,下载Python后可在开始菜单中找到
(2)iPython
基于Python的交互式解释器,打开命令行输入以下命令安装
pip install ipython
(3)Sublime Text
高级文本编辑器,官网:https://www.sublimetext.com/
(4)PyCharm
专门为Python开发者准备的,官网:https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/