linux 安装gcc---GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+
参考链接：
https://blog.csdn.net/enson16855/article/details/52205044
在编译高版本gcc，执行下面配置命令时，
../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.2.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
报错如下：
adams@adams-pc:~/tmp/gcc/gcc-10.2.0/build$ ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.2.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether ln works... yes checking whether ln -s works... yes checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sed checking for gawk... gawk checking for libatomic support... yes checking for libitm support... yes checking for libsanitizer support... yes checking for libvtv support... yes checking for libhsail-rt support... yes checking for libphobos support... yes checking for gcc... gcc checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking for suffix of executables... checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking for g++... g++ checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc... yes checking for gnatbind... no checking for gnatmake... no checking whether compiler driver understands Ada... no checking how to compare bootstrapped objects... cmp --ignore-initial=16 $$f1 $$f2 checking for objdir... .libs checking for the correct version of gmp.h... yes checking for the correct version of mpfr.h... yes checking for the correct version of mpc.h... no configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+. Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify their locations. Source code for these libraries can be found at their respective hosting sites as well as at https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/. See also http://gcc.gnu.org/install/prerequisites.html for additional info. If you obtained GMP, MPFR and/or MPC from a vendor distribution package, make sure that you have installed both the libraries and the header files. They may be located in separate packages. adams@adams-pc:~/tmp/gcc/gcc-10.2.0/build$
根据报错信息可以知道，是GMP，MPFR和MPC版本太低导致的上述问题。
所以需要编译出高版本，然后在编译gcc时指定路径，使其在编译时可以找到高版本的库以及头文件。
GMP编译
下载地址：
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gmp/
我们选择gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2版本进行下载。
wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gmp/gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2 tar -vxf gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2 cd gmp-5.0.1/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 make sudo make install
MPFR编译
下载地址：
https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpfr/
我们选择mpfr-3.1.5.tar.xz版本进行下载。
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-3.1.5.tar.xz tar -vxf mpfr-3.1.5.tar.gz cd mpfr-3.1.5/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 make sudo make install
MPC编译
下载地址：
http://www.multiprecision.org/mpc/download.html
我们选择mpc-0.9.tar.gz版本进行下载。
wget http://www.multiprecision.org/downloads/mpc-0.9.tar.gz tar -vxf mpc-0.9.tar.gz cd mpc-0.9/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc-0.9 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 make sudo make install
这次就可以配置成功了！
../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.2.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-0.9 make make install
最后设置环境变量：
export PATH=/Bioinfo/SoftWare/gcc-4.8.5/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/Bioinfo/SoftWare/gcc-4.8.5/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
gnu-gmp安装包下载_开源镜像站-阿里云 (aliyun.com)
gnu-mpfr安装包下载_开源镜像站-阿里云 (aliyun.com)
gnu-mpc安装包下载_开源镜像站-阿里云 (aliyun.com)
gnu-gcc-gcc-14.1.0安装包下载_开源镜像站-阿里云 (aliyun.com)
参考：系统与编译相关 - 非 root 用户手动编译安装 GCC - 《技术私房菜》 - 极客文档 (geekdaxue.co)
