wcf系列学习5天速成——事务的使用

摘抄自：http://www.cnblogs.com/huangxincheng/archive/2011/11/06/2238273.html

事务简单的一句话介绍：顺利执行就录入到数据库，如果中途出现异常就回滚到初始值，确保数据的正确性和防止冗余

在B2B的项目中，一般用户注册后，就有一个属于自己的店铺，此时，我们要插入两张表，User和Shop表。

当然要补录入成功，要不全失败

先晒项目结构：

第二步：新建newdata数据库，用EF去映射，然后新建serviceWCF类库

这里有一点需要注意，在确保数据的正确性的同时，必须要保证数据库映射类型一样：

第三步：新建一个Model类库。建立两个实体类Shop和User，当然自定义类型在WCF中传输，

必须在类上加上【DataContract】，属性上加【DataMember】。

第四步：然后在ServiceWCF类库中新建两个文件Seller.cs 和 ISeller.cs.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace TransactionWcf
{
  public  class Seller : ISeller
    {
        public bool Add(Model.User user, out int userID)
        {
            using (NewDataEntities db = new NewDataEntities())
            {
                try
                {
                    User userModel = new User()
                    {
                        UserName = user.UserName,
                        Passwrod = user.Password
                    };
                    db.AddToUser(userModel);
                    db.SaveChanges();

                    userID = userModel.UserID;
                    return true;
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    userID = 0;
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }

        public bool Add(Model.Shop shop, out int shopID)
        {
            using (NewDataEntities db = new NewDataEntities())
            {
                try
                {
                    Shop shopModel = new Shop()
                    {
                        ShopName = shop.ShopName,
                        ShopUrl = shop.ShopUrl,
                        UserID = shop.UserID
                    };
                    db.AddToShop(shopModel);
                    db.SaveChanges();
                    shopID = shopModel.ShopID;
                    return true;
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    shopID = 0;
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }

        ///<summary>
        /// 录入用户和商店
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="user"></param>
        ///<param name="shop"></param>
        ///<returns></returns>
        //TransactionScopeRequired=true 告诉serviceHost自托管服务，进入我的方法，必须给我加上事务
        //TransactionAutoComplete方法执行中，如果没有抛出异常，则自动提交
        [OperationBehavior(TransactionScopeRequired=true,TransactionAutoComplete=true)]
        public bool Add(Model.User user, Model.Shop shop)
        {
            int shopID;
            int UserID;
            //注意，这个方法操作了两个数据实例，为addUser和addShop。所以晋升为分布式服务
            if (Add(user, out  UserID))
            {
                //注意注意，我在Adduser成功的情况下，抛出异常，看是否回滚。
                throw new Exception();

                shop.UserID = UserID;
                return Add(shop, out shopID);
            }
            return false;
        }
    }
}

第五步：新建Host来承载了，配置AppConfig，这些细节就不再说了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="Host.Service1Behavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service 
        behaviorConfiguration="Host.Service1Behavior" 
        name="TransactionWcf.Seller">
        <endpoint address=""
                  binding="wsHttpBinding" 
                  contract="TransactionWcf.ISeller">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/ISeller/" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="NewDataEntities" connectionString="metadata=res://*/Model1.csdl|res://*/Model1.ssdl|res://*/Model1.msl;provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider connection string=&quot;Data Source=WUXUELEI\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=NewData;Integrated Security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True&quot;" providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />
  </connectionStrings>
</configuration>

承载服务：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace Host
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(TransactionWcf.Seller)))
            {
              
                host.Opened += delegate
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("wcf服务已经启动");
                };
                host.Open(); //开启服务
                Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }
    }
}

至此我们的服务端已经建立好了...先用wcftestclient测试下试试看：

好，下面建立客户端：

第六步：开启WCF服务，新建ServiceClient类库，然后用信道生成实例。

先添加服务引用：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace ServiceClient
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
           //创建实例对象
            var user = new ServiceIsell.User()
            {
                 UserName="huaying520",
                 Password="I Can Fly"                  
            };
            var shop = new ServiceIsell.Shop()
            {
                 ShopName="小吴的店铺",
                 ShopUrl="http://www.baidu.com"                   
            };

            var factory = new ChannelFactory<ServiceIsell.ISellerChannel>(new  WSHttpBinding(),new EndpointAddress("http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/ISeller/")); //先创建信道
            var client = factory.CreateChannel();  //创建客户端

            if (client.Add(user, shop))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("您的店铺已经成功录入");
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("不好意思，您的店铺有问题");
            }
            Console.ReadLine();         
        }
    }
}