11.Java邮件发送

一.邮件收发

1.什么是电子邮件

2.传输协议

3.邮件收发原理

二.开发

1.导入jar包

  • mail.jar

  • activation.jar

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
    <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>

注:QQ邮箱开启POP3和SMTP服务还有授权码

2.案例一:发送简单邮件

 1 import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
 2 
 3 import javax.mail.*;
 4 import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
 5 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
 6 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 7 import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
 8 import java.util.Properties;
 9 
10 //发送一份简单的邮件
11 public class MailDemo01 {
12 
13     public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
14 
15         Properties prop = new Properties();
16         prop.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");        //设置QQ邮箱服务器
17         prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp"); //邮件发送协议
18         prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");          //需要验证用户名和密码
19 
20         //关于QQ邮箱,还要设置SSL加密,加上以下代码即可,只有QQ邮箱需要其他邮箱不需要
21         MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
22         sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
23         prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
24         prop.put("mail.smt;.ssl.socketFactory",sf);
25 
26 
27         //使用JavaMail发送邮件5个步骤
28         //1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
29 
30         //QQ 才需要,其他邮箱不需要
31         Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
32             @Override
33             protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
34                 //发件人邮件用户名和授权码
35                 return new PasswordAuthentication("464407764@qq.com","hmiauriqbvzmbhcf");
36             }
37         });
38 
39         //开启Session的debug模式,这样就可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
40         session.setDebug(true);
41 
42         //2.通过Session得到transport对象
43         Transport ts = session.getTransport();
44 
45         //3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
46         ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","464407764@qq.com","hmiauriqbvzmbhcf");
47 
48         //4.创建邮件:写邮件
49         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
50 
51         //指明邮件的发送者
52         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("464407764@qq.com","海天之恋", "UTF-8"));
53 
54         //指明邮件的接收者
55         message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("18855162320@163.com"));
56 
57         //邮件标题
58         message.setSubject("这是简单邮件案例的邮件标题!");
59 
60         //邮件内容
61         message.setContent("<h1 style='color: red'>这是简单邮件案例的邮件内容</h1>","text/html;charset=UTF-8");
62 
63         //5.发送邮件
64         ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());
65 
66         //6.关闭连接
67         ts.close();
68 
69     }
70 }

3.案例二:发送复杂邮件(带附件和图片)

  1 import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
  2 
  3 import javax.activation.DataHandler;
  4 import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
  5 import javax.mail.*;
  6 import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
  7 import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
  8 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
  9 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
 10 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 11 import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
 12 import java.util.Properties;
 13 
 14 //发送一份复杂的邮件
 15 public class MailDemo02 {
 16 
 17     public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
 18 
 19         Properties prop = new Properties();
 20         prop.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");        //设置QQ邮箱服务器
 21         prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp"); //邮件发送协议
 22         prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");          //需要验证用户名和密码
 23 
 24         //关于QQ邮箱,还要设置SSL加密,加上以下代码即可,只有QQ邮箱需要其他邮箱不需要
 25         MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
 26         sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
 27         prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
 28         prop.put("mail.smt;.ssl.socketFactory",sf);
 29 
 30 
 31         //使用JavaMail发送邮件5个步骤
 32         //1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
 33 
 34         //QQ 才需要,其他邮箱不需要
 35         Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
 36             @Override
 37             protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
 38                 //发件人邮件用户名和授权码
 39                 return new PasswordAuthentication("464407764@qq.com","hmiauriqbvzmbhcf");
 40             }
 41         });
 42 
 43         //开启Session的debug模式,这样就可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
 44         session.setDebug(true);
 45 
 46         //2.通过Session得到transport对象
 47         Transport ts = session.getTransport();
 48 
 49         //3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
 50         ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","464407764@qq.com","hmiauriqbvzmbhcf");
 51 
 52         //4.创建邮件:写邮件
 53         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
 54 
 55         //指明邮件的发送者
 56         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("464407764@qq.com","海天之恋", "UTF-8"));
 57 
 58         //指明邮件的接收者
 59         message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("18855162320@163.com"));
 60 
 61         //邮件标题
 62         message.setSubject("这是复杂邮件案例的邮件标题!");
 63 
 64         //邮件内容
 65         //================================================================================
 66 
 67         //发送图片
 68 //        sendImage(message);
 69         //发送附件,图片和文本
 70         sendAttachmentsAndImage(message);
 71 
 72         //================================================================================
 73 
 74         //5.发送邮件
 75         ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());
 76 
 77         //6.关闭连接
 78         ts.close();
 79 
 80     }
 81 
 82     public static void sendImage(MimeMessage message) throws MessagingException {
 83         //准备图片数据
 84         MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
 85         DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(MailDemo02.class.getResource("/").getPath()+"/1.jpg"));//图片需要经过数据处理
 86         image.setDataHandler(dh);//在Body中放入处理过后的图片
 87         image.setContentID("myPicture");//给图片设置一个ID(随意设置)
 88 
 89         //准备正文数据
 90         MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
 91         text.setContent("这是一封邮件正文带图片<img src='cid:myPicture'>的邮件","text/html;charset=UTF-8");//通过cid获得ContentID
 92 
 93         //描述数据关系
 94         MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart();
 95         mm.addBodyPart(text);
 96         mm.addBodyPart(image);
 97         mm.setSubType("related");
 98 
 99         //设置到消息中,保存修改
100         message.setContent(mm);//把最后编辑好的邮件放入消息中
101         message.saveChanges();
102     }
103 
104     public static void sendAttachmentsAndImage(MimeMessage message) throws MessagingException {
105         //图片
106         MimeBodyPart body1 = new MimeBodyPart();
107         body1.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(MailDemo02.class.getResource("/").getPath()+"/1.jpg")));//在Body中放入处理过后的图片
108         body1.setContentID("myPicture");//给图片设置一个ID(随意设置)
109 
110         //文本
111         MimeBodyPart body2 = new MimeBodyPart();
112         body2.setContent("这是一封邮件正文带图片<img src='cid:myPicture'>的邮件","text/html;charset=UTF-8");//通过cid获得ContentID
113 
114         //附件
115         MimeBodyPart body3 = new MimeBodyPart();
116         body3.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(MailDemo02.class.getResource("/").getPath() + "/1.txt")));
117         body3.setFileName("myAttachments.txt");//设置附件名
118 
119         //1.现将文本和图片拼装
120         MimeMultipart multipart1 = new MimeMultipart();
121         multipart1.addBodyPart(body2);  //文本
122         multipart1.addBodyPart(body1);  //图片
123         multipart1.setSubType("related");
124 
125         MimeBodyPart contentText = new MimeBodyPart();
126         contentText.setContent(multipart1);
127 
128         //2.拼接附件
129         MimeMultipart allFile = new MimeMultipart();
130         allFile.addBodyPart(body3);         //附件
131         allFile.addBodyPart(contentText);   //文本+图片
132         allFile.setSubType("mixed");
133 
134         //设置到消息中,保存修改
135         message.setContent(allFile);//把最后编辑好的邮件放入消息中
136         message.saveChanges();
137     }
138     
139 }

4.总结

  • 在应用场景中我们一般使用多线程处理发送邮件,将主要代码放在run方法中,防止发送时卡顿。

  • 理解思路其次是程序

 

posted @ 2020-02-17 01:31  All_just_for_fun  阅读(277)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报