poj3468 A Simple Problem with Integers (树状数组做法)
A Simple Problem with Integers
Time Limit: 5000MS | Memory Limit: 131072K | |
Total Submissions: 142198 | Accepted: 44136 | |
Case Time Limit: 2000MS |
Description
You have N integers, A1, A2, ... , AN. You need to deal with two kinds of operations. One type of operation is to add some given number to each number in a given interval. The other is to ask for the sum of numbers in a given interval.
Input
The first line contains two numbers N and Q. 1 ≤ N,Q ≤ 100000.
The second line contains N numbers, the initial values of A1, A2, ... , AN. -1000000000 ≤ Ai ≤ 1000000000.
Each of the next Q lines represents an operation.
"C a b c" means adding c to each of Aa, Aa+1, ... , Ab. -10000 ≤ c ≤ 10000.
"Q a b" means querying the sum of Aa, Aa+1, ... , Ab.
Output
You need to answer all Q commands in order. One answer in a line.
Sample Input
10 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Q 4 4 Q 1 10 Q 2 4 C 3 6 3 Q 2 4
Sample Output
4 55 9 15
Hint
The sums may exceed the range of 32-bit integers.
Source
POJ Monthly--2007.11.25, Yang Yi
题意:给一个数列,Q个操作,遇到C则往[l,r]中加上x,遇到Q则求[l,r]的和
题解:树状数组做法
树状数组基本功能是实现单点更新和求前缀和,本题是要实现快速实现区间的更新。
首先,我们来看,在[l,r]上加上x的话,i<l时,所求的前缀和不变,l<=i<=r时,所求的前缀和增加了x*(i-l+1)=x*i-x*(l-1);
i>r时,增加了x*(r-l+1)=x*r-x*(l-1);
这时我们定义两个树状数组
bit1:前缀和树状数组
bit0:加法树状数组
从上面的前缀和增加量来看,从大于L后的前缀和都会增加一个东西,就是-x*(l-1),那么维护这个东西就是updata(bit0,l,-x*(l-1));
这样就实现了l以后的前缀和都会加上这个东西,然后我们发现x*r这个也可以提前维护,同理就是updata(bit0,r,x*r);但是这里还差
一个x*i;因为i是变量,所以这个只能在求和的时候去加上,而加法数组中{updata(bit1,l,x);updata(bit1,r,x);}我们发现这个刚
好实现了在[l,r]的前缀和中加上x,那么对于每个所求的i,在求前缀和的时候就*i就行了
则sum[i]=sum(bit1,i)*i+sum(bit0,i);
代码:
#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
#define MAX 100005
int n,q;
int a[MAX];
ll bit0[MAX],bit1[MAX];
void updata(ll *b,int i,int val)
{
while(i<=n)
{
b[i]+=val;
i+=i&-i;
}
}
ll query(ll *b,int i)
{
ll res=0;
while(i>0)
{
res+=b[i];
i-=i&-i;
}
return res;
}
int main()
{
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);
cin.tie(0);
cout.tie(0);
while(cin>>n>>q)
{
memset(bit0,0,sizeof(bit0));
memset(bit1,0,sizeof(bit1));
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
cin>>a[i];
updata(bit0,i,a[i]);
}
while(q--)
{
int l,r,x;
char ch;
cin>>ch;
cin>>l>>r;
if(ch=='C')
{
cin>>x;
updata(bit0,l,-x*(l-1));
updata(bit1,l,x);
updata(bit0,r+1,x*r);
updata(bit1,r+1,-x);
}
else
{
ll sum=0;
sum+=query(bit0,r)+query(bit1,r)*r;
sum-=query(bit0,l-1)+query(bit1,l-1)*(l-1);
cout<<sum<<endl;
}
}
}
}