kubenetes使用Etcd数据库存储集群中的数据，安全起见，一定要备份.
kubeadm 方式部署:
备份
ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl snapshot save /opt/etcd.db \
--endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt \
--cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt \
--key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.key
#### 演示：
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl snapshot save /opt/etcd.db \
> --endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 \
> --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt \
> --cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt \
> --key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.key
Snapshot saved at /opt/etcd.db
恢复
# 1 先暂停kube-apiserver和etcd容器：
mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests /etc/kubernetes/manifests.bak
mv /var/lib/etcd /var/lib/etcd.bak
# 2 恢复etcd数据
ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl snapshot restore \
/opt/etcd.db --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd
# 3 启动kube-apiserver 和 etcd容器：
mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests.bak /etc/kubernetes/manifests
#### 演示：
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests /etc/kubernetes/manifests.bak
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# mv /var/lib/etcd /var/lib/etcd.bak
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl snapshot restore /opt/etcd.db \
--data-dir=/var/lib/etcd
2023-01-18 07:01:42.935583 I | mvcc: restore compact to 7026586
2023-01-18 07:01:42.942566 I | etcdserver/membership: added member 8e9e05c52164694d [http://localhost:2380] to cluster cdf818194e3a8c32
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests.bak /etc/kubernetes/manifests
验证
#### 验证（等待一会儿让容器启动）：
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get node,deployment,svc,pod -o wide
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP EXTERNAL-IP OS-IMAGE KERNEL-VERSION CONTAINER-RUNTIME
node/k8s-master-1 Ready control-plane 55d v1.25.1 192.168.3.101 <none> CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 docker://20.10.21
node/k8s-node-1 Ready <none> 55d v1.25.1 192.168.3.104 <none> CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 docker://20.10.21
node/k8s-node-2 Ready <none> 55d v1.25.1 192.168.3.105 <none> CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 docker://20.10.21
node/k8s-node-3 Ready <none> 55d v1.25.1 192.168.3.106 <none> CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 docker://20.10.21
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES SELECTOR
deployment.apps/counter 3/3 3 3 21d count,count-log-1,count-log-2,ngs busybox:1.28,busybox:1.28,busybox:1.28,nginx:1.17 app=ng
deployment.apps/www 1/1 1 1 43m nginx nginx app=www
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service/counter NodePort 10.104.53.36 <none> 80:31946/TCP 21d app=ng
service/java-demo NodePort 10.97.29.88 <none> 8080:32390/TCP 45d app=java-demo
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 55d <none>
service/memcached NodePort 10.98.147.155 <none> 11211:32466/TCP 24d app_env_stage=dev
service/nginx-d NodePort 10.104.101.166 <none> 80:30280/TCP 24d app_env_stage=dev
service/redis NodePort 10.111.151.222 <none> 6379:32040/TCP 24d app_env_stage=dev
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
pod/counter-765fd887f9-4m9ml 4/4 Running 0 12d 10.244.140.104 k8s-node-2 <none> <none>
pod/counter-765fd887f9-5qkz2 4/4 Running 0 7d22h 10.244.140.110 k8s-node-2 <none> <none>
pod/counter-765fd887f9-qjlwz 4/4 Running 0 12d 10.244.140.106 k8s-node-2 <none> <none>
pod/www-7d6cb45fbb-9zk2r 1/1 Running 0 43m 10.244.109.115 k8s-node-1 <none> <none>
