openstack中Cinder组件简解

一，Cinder组件介绍
二，常用操作

作者:@郑琰
本文转载请注明出处！：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhengyan6/p/16204536.html

Top

一，Cinder组件介绍

概念

cinder组件作用：

块存储服务，为运行实例提供稳定的数据块存储服务
块存储服务，提供对 volume 从创建到删除整个生命周期的管理

Top

二，常用操作

1、Volume管理

 # 卷列表查看
[root@controller ~]# cinder list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|                  ID                  |   Status  |  Name | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 9f9022f5-1b11-447e-bc0c-d3889712120a | available | test2 |  1   |      -      |  false   |             |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
 
# 卷详情查看
[root@controller ~]# cinder show test2
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|            Property            |                Value                 |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|          attachments           |                  []                  |
|       availability_zone        |                 nova                 |
|            bootable            |                false                 |
|      consistencygroup_id       |                 None                 |
|           created_at           |      2021-11-14T02:16:13.000000      |
|          description           |                 None                 |
|           encrypted            |                False                 |
|               id               | 9f9022f5-1b11-447e-bc0c-d3889712120a |
|            metadata            |                  {}                  |
|        migration_status        |                 None                 |
|          multiattach           |                False                 |
|              name              |                test2                 |
|     os-vol-host-attr:host      |           compute@lvm#LVM            |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat |                 None                 |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id |                 None                 |
|  os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id  |   386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc   |
|       replication_status       |               disabled               |
|              size              |                  1                   |
|          snapshot_id           |                 None                 |
|          source_volid          |                 None                 |
|             status             |              available               |
|           updated_at           |      2021-11-14T02:16:14.000000      |
|            user_id             |   0f217182b5af448c988f5464c706a337   |
|          volume_type           |                 None                 |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
 
# 卷创建  size只能是整数
cinder create [--name <name>, --volume-type <type>] <size(GB)>
[root@controller ~]# cinder create --name test --description 'new volume' --availability-zone nova 2
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|            Property            |                Value                 |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|          attachments           |                  []                  |
|       availability_zone        |                 nova                 |
|            bootable            |                false                 |
|      consistencygroup_id       |                 None                 |
|           created_at           |      2021-11-14T02:54:52.000000      |
|          description           |              new volume              |
|           encrypted            |                False                 |
|               id               | 8190367e-4874-4e5e-86f7-0a3c4e2ae4cc |
|            metadata            |                  {}                  |
|        migration_status        |                 None                 |
|          multiattach           |                False                 |
|              name              |                 test                 |
|     os-vol-host-attr:host      |                 None                 |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat |                 None                 |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id |                 None                 |
|  os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id  |   386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc   |
|       replication_status       |               disabled               |
|              size              |                  2                   |
|          snapshot_id           |                 None                 |
|          source_volid          |                 None                 |
|             status             |               creating               |
|           updated_at           |                 None                 |
|            user_id             |   0f217182b5af448c988f5464c706a337   |
|          volume_type           |                 None                 |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
 
# 卷删除
cinder delete <volume>
[root@controller ~]# cinder delete test
Request to delete volume test has been accepted.
 
# 卷更新
# (1)重命名
cinder rename <volume> <name>
[root@controller ~]# cinder rename test test-volume-01
[root@controller ~]# cinder list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|                  ID                  |   Status  |      Name      | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 5b117210-9f6e-4d2c-94f4-66c2e3953584 | available | test-volume-01 |  2   |      -      |  false   |             |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
 
# (2)修改状态
# 可修改的状态："available", "error", "creating", "deleting", "in-use", "attaching", "detaching", "error_deleting" and "maintenance".
# 附加状态："attached" ， "detached". 默认状态为：None.
cinder reset-state [--state <state>,--attach-status <attach-status>,--reset-migration-status] <volume>
[root@controller ~]# cinder reset-state --state deleting test-volume-01
[root@controller ~]# cinder list
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|                  ID                  |  Status  |      Name      | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 5b117210-9f6e-4d2c-94f4-66c2e3953584 | deleting | test-volume-01 |  2   |      -      |  false   |             |
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
 
# (3)修改类型
# 注意：改状态卷状态必须是available状态
cinder retype <volume> <volume_type>
# a.修改卷状态为available
[root@controller ~]# cinder reset-state --state available test-volume-01
# b.查看(创建)卷类型
[root@controller ~]# cinder  type-create lvm
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
|                  ID                  | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 | lvm  |      -      |    True   |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
 
[root@controller ~]# cinder type-list
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
|                  ID                  | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| 5780bda0-0ac4-4f5a-a8c4-807980c28aaa | 性能 |             |    True   |
| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 | lvm  |      -      |    True   |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
# c.修改为对应的类型
[root@controller ~]# cinder retype test-volume-01 5780bda0-0ac4-4f5a-a8c4-807980c28aaa
[root@controller ~]# cinder show test-volume-01
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|            Property            |                Value                 |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|          attachments           |                  []                  |
|       availability_zone        |                 nova                 |
|            bootable            |                false                 |
|      consistencygroup_id       |                 None                 |
|           created_at           |      2021-11-14T02:56:04.000000      |
|          description           |              new volume              |
|           encrypted            |                False                 |
|               id               | 5b117210-9f6e-4d2c-94f4-66c2e3953584 |
|            metadata            |                  {}                  |
|        migration_status        |                 None                 |
|          multiattach           |                False                 |
|              name              |            test-volume-01            |
|     os-vol-host-attr:host      |           compute@lvm#LVM            |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat |                 None                 |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id |                 None                 |
|  os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id  |   386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc   |
|       replication_status       |               disabled               |
|              size              |                  2                   |
|          snapshot_id           |                 None                 |
|          source_volid          |                 None                 |
|             status             |              available               |
|           updated_at           |      2021-11-14T03:00:07.000000      |
|            user_id             |   0f217182b5af448c988f5464c706a337   |
|          volume_type           |                 性能                 |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
 
# (4)扩容
# 注意：可以从小改大，但是不可以从大改小。
# 注意：卷大小只能设置为整数值。
cinder extend <volume> <new size>
[root@controller ~]# cinder extend test-volume-01 5
[root@controller ~]# cinder list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|                  ID                  |   Status  |      Name      | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 5b117210-9f6e-4d2c-94f4-66c2e3953584 | available | test-volume-01 |  5   |     性能    |  false   |             |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
 
# (5)迁移
# 迁移一个卷到特定的主机，在请求体中指定 os-migrate_volume action。
# 一般不推荐对处于in-use状态，且挂载在多个虚机上的卷进行迁移。
# 默认只有管理员用户有迁移的权限，但是可以通过policy.json文件进行权限的设置。
cinder migrate <volume> <host>

2、Type管理

     type-create         Creates a volume type.   # 类型创建
    type-default        List the default volume type.
    type-delete         Deletes a volume type.   # 类型删除
    type-key            Sets or unsets extra_spec for a volume type.
    type-list           Lists available 'volume types'. (Admin only will see private types)           # 类型列表查看
    type-show           Show volume type details.    # 类型详情查看
    type-update         Updates volume type name, description, and/or is_public.               # 类型更新
 
# 查看类型
cinder type-list
[root@controller ~]# cinder type-list
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
|                  ID                  | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| 5780bda0-0ac4-4f5a-a8c4-807980c28aaa | 性能 |             |    True   |
| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 | lvm  |      -      |    True   |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
 
# 创建类型
cinder type-create [ --description <description>, --is-public <is-public>]  <name>
    Positional arguments:
    <name>                Name of new volume type.
 
    Optional arguments:
    --description <description>
                            Description of new volume type.
    --is-public <is-public>
                            Make type accessible to the public (default true).
 
[root@controller ~]# cinder type-create sata-hb-project
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+
|                  ID                  |       Name      | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+
| ac57dcb7-d157-419f-bd63-3ea0eb6ff940 | sata-hb-project |      -      |    True   |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+
 
# 删除类型
# 注意：必须使用卷类型的id
cinder type-delete <type_id>
[root@controller ~]# cinder type-delete lvm
ERROR: Volume type lvm could not be found. (HTTP 404) (Request-ID: req-6144d4f5-61ee-4b83-b45d-f11ac54b8229)
[root@controller ~]# cinder type-delete ac57dcb7-d157-419f-bd63-3ea0eb6ff940
[root@controller ~]# cinder type-list
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
|                  ID                  | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| 5780bda0-0ac4-4f5a-a8c4-807980c28aaa | 性能 |             |    True   |
| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 | lvm  |      -      |    True   |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
 
# 修改类型
cinder type-update [--name <name>,--description <description>,--is-public <is-public>] <type_id>
[root@controller ~]# cinder type-update b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 --name ssd --description 'best of all'
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
|                  ID                  | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 | ssd  | best of all |   False   |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+

3、Snapshot管理

 cinder
    snapshot-create     #Creates a snapshot.
    snapshot-delete     #Removes one or more snapshots.
    snapshot-list       #Lists all snapshots.
    snapshot-show       #Shows snapshot details.
    snapshot-rename     #Renames a snapshot.
    snapshot-reset-state  #Explicitly updates the snapshot state.
    snapshot-manage     #Manage an existing snapshot.
    snapshot-unmanage   #Stop managing a snapshot.
    snapshot-metadata   #Sets or deletes snapshot metadata.
    snapshot-metadata-show  #Shows snapshot metadata.
    snapshot-metadata-update-all  #Updates snapshot metadata.
 
# 创建快照
cinder snapshot-create [--name <name>,--force [<True|False>],--description <description>,--metadata [<key=value> [<key=value> ...]]] <volume>
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-create --name snapshot-01 --description 'test snapshot of a volume' 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
|   Property  |                Value                 |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
|  created_at |      2021-11-04T15:17:24.382623      |
| description |      test snapshot of a volume       |
|      id     | b360d2c0-9a32-4d5b-afe3-112f6cd0e215 |
|   metadata  |                  {}                  |
|     name    |             snapshot-01              |
|     size    |                  2                   |
|    status   |               creating               |
|  updated_at |                 None                 |
|  volume_id  | 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
 
# 查看快照列表
cinder snapshot-list
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------+------+
|                  ID                  |              Volume ID               |   Status  |     Name    | Size |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------+------+
| b360d2c0-9a32-4d5b-afe3-112f6cd0e215 | 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 | available | snapshot-01 |  2   |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------+------+
 
# 查看快照详情
cinder snapshot-show <snapshot>
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-show snapshot-01 
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                  Property                  |                Value                 |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                 created_at                 |      2021-11-04T15:17:24.000000      |
|                description                 |      test snapshot of a volume       |
|                     id                     | b360d2c0-9a32-4d5b-afe3-112f6cd0e215 |
|                  metadata                  |                  {}                  |
|                    name                    |             snapshot-01              |
|  os-extended-snapshot-attributes:progress  |                 100%                 |
| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:project_id |   386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc   |
|                    size                    |                  2                   |
|                   status                   |              available               |
|                 updated_at                 |      2021-11-04T15:17:24.000000      |
|                 volume_id                  | 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
 
# 删除快照
cinder snapshot-delete <snapshot>
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-delete snapshot-01
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-list
+----+-----------+--------+------+------+
| ID | Volume ID | Status | Name | Size |
+----+-----------+--------+------+------+
+----+-----------+--------+------+------+
 
# 快照改名
cinder snapshot-rename [--description <description>] <snapshot> [<name>]
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-rename --description 'You Have Only One Life'  snapshot-01 new-test-snapshot
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-show snapshot-01
ERROR: No snapshot with a name or ID of 'snapshot-01' exists.
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-show new-test-snapshot
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                  Property                  |                Value                 |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                 created_at                 |      2021-11-04T15:19:39.000000      |
|                description                 |        You Have Only One Life        |
|                     id                     | a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 |
|                  metadata                  |                  {}                  |
|                    name                    |          new-test-snapshot           |
|  os-extended-snapshot-attributes:progress  |                 100%                 |
| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:project_id |   386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc   |
|                    size                    |                  2                   |
|                   status                   |              available               |
|                 updated_at                 |      2021-11-04T15:36:26.000000      |
|                 volume_id                  | 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
 
# 更新快照状态
# 可更新的状态："available", "error", "creating", "deleting", and "error_deleting".
cinder snapshot-reset-state [--state <state>] <snapshot> [<snapshot> ...]
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-reset-state --state error new-test-snapshot
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-show new-test-snapshot
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                  Property                  |                Value                 |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                 created_at                 |      2021-11-04T15:19:39.000000      |
|                description                 |        You Have Only One Life        |
|                     id                     | a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 |
|                  metadata                  |                  {}                  |
|                    name                    |          new-test-snapshot           |
|  os-extended-snapshot-attributes:progress  |                 100%                 |
| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:project_id |   386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc   |
|                    size                    |                  2                   |
|                   status                   |                error                 |
|                 updated_at                 |      2021-11-04T15:39:40.000000      |
|                 volume_id                  | 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
 
# 管理快照
cinder snapshot-manage [--id-type <id-type>,--name <name>,--description <description>,] [--name <name>,--metadata [<key=value> [<key=value> ...]]] <volume> <identifier>
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-manage test2 new-test-snapshot
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                  Property                  |                Value                 |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                 created_at                 |      2021-11-04T15:46:23.000000      |
|                description                 |                 None                 |
|                     id                     | 26efb6e5-ff02-47c0-bb1c-6a36718bd68a |
|                  metadata                  |                  {}                  |
|                    name                    |                 None                 |
|  os-extended-snapshot-attributes:progress  |                  0%                  |
| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:project_id |   386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc   |
|                    size                    |                  2                   |
|                   status                   |               creating               |
|                 updated_at                 |                 None                 |
|                 volume_id                  | 456a40c6-65c4-41ee-9958-63bae91ec189 |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
 
# 停止管理快照
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-unmanage 26efb6e5-ff02-47c0-bb1c-6a36718bd68a
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------------+------+
|                  ID                  |              Volume ID               |   Status  |        Name       | Size |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------------+------+
| a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 | 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 | available | new-test-snapshot |  2   |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------------+------+
 
# 设置或删除快照的meta数据
cinder snapshot-metadata <snapshot> <action> <key=value> [<key=value> ...]
Positional arguments:
  <snapshot>   ID of snapshot for which to update metadata.
  <action>     The action. Valid values are "set" or "unset."
  <key=value>  Metadata key and value pair to set or unset. For unset, specify
               only the key.
# 设置快照meta		 
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3  set function='Backup data'
+----------+-------------+
| Property |    Value    |
+----------+-------------+
| function | Backup data |
+----------+-------------+
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3  set update-date='2022-1-1'
+-------------+-------------+
|   Property  |    Value    |
+-------------+-------------+
|   function  | Backup data |
| update-date |  2022-1-1   |
+-------------+-------------+
# 删除快照meta
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3  unset update-date='2021-11-24' 
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata-show a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3
+-------------------+-------------+
| Metadata-property |    Value    |
+-------------------+-------------+
|      function     | Backup data |
+-------------------+-------------+
 
# 查看快照meta数据
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata-show a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3
+-------------------+-------------+
| Metadata-property |    Value    |
+-------------------+-------------+
|      function     | Backup data |
|    update-date    |  2021-11-24 |
+-------------------+-------------+
          
# 更新快照meta数据		
cinder snapshot-metadata-update-all <snapshot> <key=value> [<key=value> ...]
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata-update-all a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 create-date='2021-11-1 12:00:11' update-date='2021/11/24 17:24:15' function='tank T-54' 
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property |                                                   Value                                                    |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| metadata | {u'function': u'tank T-54', u'update-date': u'2021/11/24 17:24:15', u'create-date': u'2021-11-1 12:00:11'} |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata-show a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3
+-------------------+---------------------+
| Metadata-property |        Value        |
+-------------------+---------------------+
|    create-date    |  2021-11-1 12:00:11 |
|      function     |      tank T-54      |
|    update-date    | 2021/11/24 17:24:15 |
+-------------------+---------------------+

4、Backup管理

 # 开启卷备份服务
systemctl restart openstack-cinder-backup
# 查看备份列表
cinder backup-list
# 查看备份详情
cinder backup-show <backup>
# 创建备份
cinder backup-create --name <name> [--container <container>] <volume>
 
# 删除备份
cinder backup-delete <backup>
# 恢复备份
cinder backup-restore [--volume <volume>] <backup>
# 备份导出
cinder backup-export <backup>
# 备份导入
cinder backup-import <backup_service> <backup_url>

posted @ 2022-04-28 21:02 郑琰阅读(384) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

刷新页面返回顶部

登录后才能查看或发表评论，立即登录或者逛逛博客园首页

相关博文：

· docker存储管理及实例

· openstack中Glance组件简解

· Cinder组件

· openstack-cinder

· cinder运维

阅读排行：
· 分享4款.NET开源、免费、实用的商城系统
· 全程不用写代码，我用AI程序员写了一个飞机大战
· MongoDB 8.0这个新功能碉堡了，比商业数据库还牛
· 白话解读 Dapr 1.15：你的「微服务管家」又秀新绝活了
· 上周热点回顾（2.24-3.2）

公告

梅子跟我岁岁年年🌻

时钟canvas

昵称：郑琰
园龄： 3年3个月
粉丝： 39
关注： 5

+加关注

2025年3月

日

一

二

三

四

五

六

🌻

极光总会有，并肩于雪山之巅.🐱‍🏍

openstack中Cinder组件简解

一，Cinder组件介绍

二，常用操作

1、Volume管理

2、Type管理

3、Snapshot管理

4、Backup管理

公告

常用链接

我的标签

积分与排名

随笔分类 (149)

随笔档案 (149)

阅读排行榜

评论排行榜

推荐排行榜

最新评论

	# 卷列表查看
	[root@controller ~]# cinder list
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
	\| ID \| Status \| Name \| Size \| Volume Type \| Bootable \| Attached to \|
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
	\| 9f9022f5-1b11-447e-bc0c-d3889712120a \| available \| test2 \| 1 \| - \| false \| \|
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+

	# 卷详情查看
	[root@controller ~]# cinder show test2
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| attachments \| [] \|
	\| availability_zone \| nova \|
	\| bootable \| false \|
	\| consistencygroup_id \| None \|
	\| created_at \| 2021-11-14T02:16:13.000000 \|
	\| description \| None \|
	\| encrypted \| False \|
	\| id \| 9f9022f5-1b11-447e-bc0c-d3889712120a \|
	\| metadata \| {} \|
	\| migration_status \| None \|
	\| multiattach \| False \|
	\| name \| test2 \|
	\| os-vol-host-attr:host \| compute@lvm#LVM \|
	\| os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat \| None \|
	\| os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id \| None \|
	\| os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id \| 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc \|
	\| replication_status \| disabled \|
	\| size \| 1 \|
	\| snapshot_id \| None \|
	\| source_volid \| None \|
	\| status \| available \|
	\| updated_at \| 2021-11-14T02:16:14.000000 \|
	\| user_id \| 0f217182b5af448c988f5464c706a337 \|
	\| volume_type \| None \|
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

	# 卷创建 size只能是整数
	cinder create [--name <name>, --volume-type <type>] <size(GB)>
	[root@controller ~]# cinder create --name test --description 'new volume' --availability-zone nova 2
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| attachments \| [] \|
	\| availability_zone \| nova \|
	\| bootable \| false \|
	\| consistencygroup_id \| None \|
	\| created_at \| 2021-11-14T02:54:52.000000 \|
	\| description \| new volume \|
	\| encrypted \| False \|
	\| id \| 8190367e-4874-4e5e-86f7-0a3c4e2ae4cc \|
	\| metadata \| {} \|
	\| migration_status \| None \|
	\| multiattach \| False \|
	\| name \| test \|
	\| os-vol-host-attr:host \| None \|
	\| os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat \| None \|
	\| os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id \| None \|
	\| os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id \| 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc \|
	\| replication_status \| disabled \|
	\| size \| 2 \|
	\| snapshot_id \| None \|
	\| source_volid \| None \|
	\| status \| creating \|
	\| updated_at \| None \|
	\| user_id \| 0f217182b5af448c988f5464c706a337 \|
	\| volume_type \| None \|
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

	# 卷删除
	cinder delete <volume>
	[root@controller ~]# cinder delete test
	Request to delete volume test has been accepted.

	# 卷更新
	# (1)重命名
	cinder rename <volume> <name>
	[root@controller ~]# cinder rename test test-volume-01
	[root@controller ~]# cinder list
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
	\| ID \| Status \| Name \| Size \| Volume Type \| Bootable \| Attached to \|
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
	\| 5b117210-9f6e-4d2c-94f4-66c2e3953584 \| available \| test-volume-01 \| 2 \| - \| false \| \|
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+

	# (2)修改状态
	# 可修改的状态："available", "error", "creating", "deleting", "in-use", "attaching", "detaching", "error_deleting" and "maintenance".
	# 附加状态："attached" ， "detached". 默认状态为：None.
	cinder reset-state [--state <state>,--attach-status <attach-status>,--reset-migration-status] <volume>
	[root@controller ~]# cinder reset-state --state deleting test-volume-01
	[root@controller ~]# cinder list
	+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
	\| ID \| Status \| Name \| Size \| Volume Type \| Bootable \| Attached to \|
	+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
	\| 5b117210-9f6e-4d2c-94f4-66c2e3953584 \| deleting \| test-volume-01 \| 2 \| - \| false \| \|
	+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+

	# (3)修改类型
	# 注意：改状态卷状态必须是available状态
	cinder retype <volume> <volume_type>
	# a.修改卷状态为available
	[root@controller ~]# cinder reset-state --state available test-volume-01
	# b.查看(创建)卷类型
	[root@controller ~]# cinder type-create lvm
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| ID \| Name \| Description \| Is_Public \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 \| lvm \| - \| True \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+

	[root@controller ~]# cinder type-list
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| ID \| Name \| Description \| Is_Public \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| 5780bda0-0ac4-4f5a-a8c4-807980c28aaa \| 性能 \| \| True \|
	\| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 \| lvm \| - \| True \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	# c.修改为对应的类型
	[root@controller ~]# cinder retype test-volume-01 5780bda0-0ac4-4f5a-a8c4-807980c28aaa
	[root@controller ~]# cinder show test-volume-01
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| attachments \| [] \|
	\| availability_zone \| nova \|
	\| bootable \| false \|
	\| consistencygroup_id \| None \|
	\| created_at \| 2021-11-14T02:56:04.000000 \|
	\| description \| new volume \|
	\| encrypted \| False \|
	\| id \| 5b117210-9f6e-4d2c-94f4-66c2e3953584 \|
	\| metadata \| {} \|
	\| migration_status \| None \|
	\| multiattach \| False \|
	\| name \| test-volume-01 \|
	\| os-vol-host-attr:host \| compute@lvm#LVM \|
	\| os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat \| None \|
	\| os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id \| None \|
	\| os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id \| 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc \|
	\| replication_status \| disabled \|
	\| size \| 2 \|
	\| snapshot_id \| None \|
	\| source_volid \| None \|
	\| status \| available \|
	\| updated_at \| 2021-11-14T03:00:07.000000 \|
	\| user_id \| 0f217182b5af448c988f5464c706a337 \|
	\| volume_type \| 性能 \|
	+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

	# (4)扩容
	# 注意：可以从小改大，但是不可以从大改小。
	# 注意：卷大小只能设置为整数值。
	cinder extend <volume> <new size>
	[root@controller ~]# cinder extend test-volume-01 5
	[root@controller ~]# cinder list
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
	\| ID \| Status \| Name \| Size \| Volume Type \| Bootable \| Attached to \|
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
	\| 5b117210-9f6e-4d2c-94f4-66c2e3953584 \| available \| test-volume-01 \| 5 \| 性能 \| false \| \|
	+--------------------------------------+-----------+----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+

	# (5)迁移
	# 迁移一个卷到特定的主机，在请求体中指定 os-migrate_volume action。
	# 一般不推荐对处于in-use状态，且挂载在多个虚机上的卷进行迁移。
	# 默认只有管理员用户有迁移的权限，但是可以通过policy.json文件进行权限的设置。
	cinder migrate <volume> <host>

	type-create Creates a volume type. # 类型创建
	type-default List the default volume type.
	type-delete Deletes a volume type. # 类型删除
	type-key Sets or unsets extra_spec for a volume type.
	type-list Lists available 'volume types'. (Admin only will see private types) # 类型列表查看
	type-show Show volume type details. # 类型详情查看
	type-update Updates volume type name, description, and/or is_public. # 类型更新

	# 查看类型
	cinder type-list
	[root@controller ~]# cinder type-list
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| ID \| Name \| Description \| Is_Public \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| 5780bda0-0ac4-4f5a-a8c4-807980c28aaa \| 性能 \| \| True \|
	\| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 \| lvm \| - \| True \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+

	# 创建类型
	cinder type-create [ --description <description>, --is-public <is-public>] <name>
	Positional arguments:
	<name> Name of new volume type.

	Optional arguments:
	--description <description>
	Description of new volume type.
	--is-public <is-public>
	Make type accessible to the public (default true).

	[root@controller ~]# cinder type-create sata-hb-project
	+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+
	\| ID \| Name \| Description \| Is_Public \|
	+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+
	\| ac57dcb7-d157-419f-bd63-3ea0eb6ff940 \| sata-hb-project \| - \| True \|
	+--------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+-----------+

	# 删除类型
	# 注意：必须使用卷类型的id
	cinder type-delete <type_id>
	[root@controller ~]# cinder type-delete lvm
	ERROR: Volume type lvm could not be found. (HTTP 404) (Request-ID: req-6144d4f5-61ee-4b83-b45d-f11ac54b8229)
	[root@controller ~]# cinder type-delete ac57dcb7-d157-419f-bd63-3ea0eb6ff940
	[root@controller ~]# cinder type-list
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| ID \| Name \| Description \| Is_Public \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| 5780bda0-0ac4-4f5a-a8c4-807980c28aaa \| 性能 \| \| True \|
	\| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 \| lvm \| - \| True \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+

	# 修改类型
	cinder type-update [--name <name>,--description <description>,--is-public <is-public>] <type_id>
	[root@controller ~]# cinder type-update b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 --name ssd --description 'best of all'
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| ID \| Name \| Description \| Is_Public \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
	\| b16ab5aa-f9d2-4402-89a8-1a72e9c51914 \| ssd \| best of all \| False \|
	+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+

	cinder
	snapshot-create #Creates a snapshot.
	snapshot-delete #Removes one or more snapshots.
	snapshot-list #Lists all snapshots.
	snapshot-show #Shows snapshot details.
	snapshot-rename #Renames a snapshot.
	snapshot-reset-state #Explicitly updates the snapshot state.
	snapshot-manage #Manage an existing snapshot.
	snapshot-unmanage #Stop managing a snapshot.
	snapshot-metadata #Sets or deletes snapshot metadata.
	snapshot-metadata-show #Shows snapshot metadata.
	snapshot-metadata-update-all #Updates snapshot metadata.

	# 创建快照
	cinder snapshot-create [--name <name>,--force [<True\|False>],--description <description>,--metadata [<key=value> [<key=value> ...]]] <volume>
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-create --name snapshot-01 --description 'test snapshot of a volume' 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26
	+-------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+-------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| created_at \| 2021-11-04T15:17:24.382623 \|
	\| description \| test snapshot of a volume \|
	\| id \| b360d2c0-9a32-4d5b-afe3-112f6cd0e215 \|
	\| metadata \| {} \|
	\| name \| snapshot-01 \|
	\| size \| 2 \|
	\| status \| creating \|
	\| updated_at \| None \|
	\| volume_id \| 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 \|
	+-------------+--------------------------------------+

	# 查看快照列表
	cinder snapshot-list
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-list
	+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------+------+
	\| ID \| Volume ID \| Status \| Name \| Size \|
	+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------+------+
	\| b360d2c0-9a32-4d5b-afe3-112f6cd0e215 \| 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 \| available \| snapshot-01 \| 2 \|
	+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------+------+

	# 查看快照详情
	cinder snapshot-show <snapshot>
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-show snapshot-01
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| created_at \| 2021-11-04T15:17:24.000000 \|
	\| description \| test snapshot of a volume \|
	\| id \| b360d2c0-9a32-4d5b-afe3-112f6cd0e215 \|
	\| metadata \| {} \|
	\| name \| snapshot-01 \|
	\| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:progress \| 100% \|
	\| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:project_id \| 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc \|
	\| size \| 2 \|
	\| status \| available \|
	\| updated_at \| 2021-11-04T15:17:24.000000 \|
	\| volume_id \| 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 \|
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

	# 删除快照
	cinder snapshot-delete <snapshot>
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-delete snapshot-01
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-list
	+----+-----------+--------+------+------+
	\| ID \| Volume ID \| Status \| Name \| Size \|
	+----+-----------+--------+------+------+
	+----+-----------+--------+------+------+

	# 快照改名
	cinder snapshot-rename [--description <description>] <snapshot> [<name>]
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-rename --description 'You Have Only One Life' snapshot-01 new-test-snapshot
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-show snapshot-01
	ERROR: No snapshot with a name or ID of 'snapshot-01' exists.
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-show new-test-snapshot
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| created_at \| 2021-11-04T15:19:39.000000 \|
	\| description \| You Have Only One Life \|
	\| id \| a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 \|
	\| metadata \| {} \|
	\| name \| new-test-snapshot \|
	\| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:progress \| 100% \|
	\| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:project_id \| 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc \|
	\| size \| 2 \|
	\| status \| available \|
	\| updated_at \| 2021-11-04T15:36:26.000000 \|
	\| volume_id \| 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 \|
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

	# 更新快照状态
	# 可更新的状态："available", "error", "creating", "deleting", and "error_deleting".
	cinder snapshot-reset-state [--state <state>] <snapshot> [<snapshot> ...]
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-reset-state --state error new-test-snapshot
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-show new-test-snapshot
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| created_at \| 2021-11-04T15:19:39.000000 \|
	\| description \| You Have Only One Life \|
	\| id \| a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 \|
	\| metadata \| {} \|
	\| name \| new-test-snapshot \|
	\| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:progress \| 100% \|
	\| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:project_id \| 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc \|
	\| size \| 2 \|
	\| status \| error \|
	\| updated_at \| 2021-11-04T15:39:40.000000 \|
	\| volume_id \| 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 \|
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

	# 管理快照
	cinder snapshot-manage [--id-type <id-type>,--name <name>,--description <description>,] [--name <name>,--metadata [<key=value> [<key=value> ...]]] <volume> <identifier>
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-manage test2 new-test-snapshot
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
	\| created_at \| 2021-11-04T15:46:23.000000 \|
	\| description \| None \|
	\| id \| 26efb6e5-ff02-47c0-bb1c-6a36718bd68a \|
	\| metadata \| {} \|
	\| name \| None \|
	\| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:progress \| 0% \|
	\| os-extended-snapshot-attributes:project_id \| 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc \|
	\| size \| 2 \|
	\| status \| creating \|
	\| updated_at \| None \|
	\| volume_id \| 456a40c6-65c4-41ee-9958-63bae91ec189 \|
	+--------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

	# 停止管理快照
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-unmanage 26efb6e5-ff02-47c0-bb1c-6a36718bd68a
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-list
	+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------------+------+
	\| ID \| Volume ID \| Status \| Name \| Size \|
	+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------------+------+
	\| a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 \| 92ad953c-a7a1-4ef7-8929-85835143cb26 \| available \| new-test-snapshot \| 2 \|
	+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------------------+------+

	# 设置或删除快照的meta数据
	cinder snapshot-metadata <snapshot> <action> <key=value> [<key=value> ...]
	Positional arguments:
	<snapshot> ID of snapshot for which to update metadata.
	<action> The action. Valid values are "set" or "unset."
	<key=value> Metadata key and value pair to set or unset. For unset, specify
	only the key.
	# 设置快照meta
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 set function='Backup data'
	+----------+-------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+----------+-------------+
	\| function \| Backup data \|
	+----------+-------------+
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 set update-date='2022-1-1'
	+-------------+-------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+-------------+-------------+
	\| function \| Backup data \|
	\| update-date \| 2022-1-1 \|
	+-------------+-------------+
	# 删除快照meta
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 unset update-date='2021-11-24'
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata-show a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3
	+-------------------+-------------+
	\| Metadata-property \| Value \|
	+-------------------+-------------+
	\| function \| Backup data \|
	+-------------------+-------------+

	# 查看快照meta数据
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata-show a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3
	+-------------------+-------------+
	\| Metadata-property \| Value \|
	+-------------------+-------------+
	\| function \| Backup data \|
	\| update-date \| 2021-11-24 \|
	+-------------------+-------------+

	# 更新快照meta数据
	cinder snapshot-metadata-update-all <snapshot> <key=value> [<key=value> ...]
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata-update-all a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3 create-date='2021-11-1 12:00:11' update-date='2021/11/24 17:24:15' function='tank T-54'
	+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
	\| Property \| Value \|
	+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
	\| metadata \| {u'function': u'tank T-54', u'update-date': u'2021/11/24 17:24:15', u'create-date': u'2021-11-1 12:00:11'} \|
	+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
	[root@controller keystone]# cinder snapshot-metadata-show a54e8e02-911c-482f-bc49-fac2060ad7c3
	+-------------------+---------------------+
	\| Metadata-property \| Value \|
	+-------------------+---------------------+
	\| create-date \| 2021-11-1 12:00:11 \|
	\| function \| tank T-54 \|
	\| update-date \| 2021/11/24 17:24:15 \|
	+-------------------+---------------------+

	# 开启卷备份服务
	systemctl restart openstack-cinder-backup

	# 查看备份列表
	cinder backup-list

	# 查看备份详情
	cinder backup-show <backup>

	# 创建备份
	cinder backup-create --name <name> [--container <container>] <volume>

	# 删除备份
	cinder backup-delete <backup>

	# 恢复备份
	cinder backup-restore [--volume <volume>] <backup>

	# 备份导出
	cinder backup-export <backup>

	# 备份导入
	cinder backup-import <backup_service> <backup_url>