C# 获取并判断操作系统版本，解决Win10、 Windows Server 2012 R2 读取失败的方案
Windows 8.1， Win10之后，通过GetVersion and GetVersionEx 方法获取WIndows操作系统版本号的功能需要添加manifest文件后才能查找到，不然的话会查找错误，比如win10系统返给一个win8系统等。
具体的做法就是在项目文件里添加一个<***.exe>.manifest文件，文件的命名规则必须是exe文件的全名+.manifest.
这里直接上C#的代码了，C++代码相似，将在另外一篇文章里讲述:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhengshuangliang/p/5258504.html
微软技术文档参考网址：https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724834(v=vs.85).aspx
/* * Copyright (c) 2008, TopCoder, Inc. All rights reserved. */ using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.IO; namespace TopCoder.Installation.Util.Prerequisite.Impl { /// <summary> /// <para> /// This utility is used by <see cref="PrerequisiteSoftwareValidation"/> to detect the Microsoft Windows /// version currently running on the machine. /// </para> /// <para> /// This class uses Win API function GetVersionEx() from kernel32 library to retrieve additional parameters /// about the installed Windows version. /// </para> /// </summary> /// /// <threadsafety> /// <para> /// This class is immutable and thread safe. /// </para> /// </threadsafety> /// /// <author>saarixx</author> /// <author>TCSDEVELOPER</author> /// <version>1.0</version> /// <copyright>Copyright (c) 2008, TopCoder, Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright> public static class WindowsVersionDetector { /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows 95. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string Windows95 = "Windows 95"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows 98. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string Windows98 = "Windows 98"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows ME. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsME = "Windows ME"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows Vista. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsVista = "Windows Vista"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows Server 2008. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsServer2008 = "Windows Server 2008"; private const string WindowsServer2008R2 = "Windows Server 2008 R2"; /// <summary> /// Represents windows 10, windows server 2016 technical preview /// </summary> private const string Windows10 = "Windows 10"; private const string WindowsServer2016TP = "Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview"; #region Represents Windows8,8.1,server 2012,server 2012 R2 #CJF 11/06/2013 /// <summary> /// Represents windows 8,8.1 /// </summary> private const string Windows8 = "Windows 8"; private const string Windows8_1 = "Windows 8.1"; /// <summary> /// Represents windows server 2012 /// </summary> private const string WindowsServer2012 = "Windows Server 2012"; private const string WindowsServer2012R2 = "Windows Server 2012 R2"; #endregion /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows 7. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string Windows7 = "Windows 7"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows Server 2003, Storage. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsServer2003Storage = "Windows Server 2003, Storage"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows Server 2003, Compute Cluster Edition. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsServer2003ComputeClusterEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Compute Cluster Edition"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsServer2003DatacenterEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows Server 2003, Web Edition. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsServer2003WebEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Web Edition"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsServer2003StandardEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows XP Home Edition. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsXPHomeEdition = "Windows XP Home Edition"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows XP Professional. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsXPProfessional = "Windows XP Professional"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows 2000 Professional. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string Windows2000Professional = "Windows 2000 Professional"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows 2000 Datacenter Server. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string Windows2000DatacenterServer = "Windows 2000 Datacenter Server"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows 2000 Advanced Server. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string Windows2000AdvancedServer = "Windows 2000 Advanced Server"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows 2000 Server. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string Windows2000Server = "Windows 2000 Server"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows NT 4.0. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsNT40 = "Windows NT 4.0"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Windows CE. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string WindowsCE = "Windows CE"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents Unknown. /// </para> /// </summary> private const string Unknown = "Unknown"; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents VER_NT_WORKSTATION from kernel32 library. /// </para> /// </summary> private const byte VER_NT_WORKSTATION = 0x01; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE from kernel32 library. /// </para> /// </summary> private const short VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE = 0x0002; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents VER_SUITE_DATACENTER from kernel32 library. /// </para> /// </summary> private const short VER_SUITE_DATACENTER = 0x0080; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents VER_SUITE_PERSONAL from kernel32 library. /// </para> /// </summary> private const short VER_SUITE_PERSONAL = 0x0200; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents VER_SUITE_BLADE from kernel32 library. /// </para> /// </summary> private const short VER_SUITE_BLADE = 0x0400; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents VER_SUITE_STORAGE_SERVER from kernel32 library. /// </para> /// </summary> private const short VER_SUITE_STORAGE_SERVER = 0x2000; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Represents VER_SUITE_COMPUTE_SERVER from kernel32 library. /// </para> /// </summary> private const short VER_SUITE_COMPUTE_SERVER = 0x4000; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Contains operating system version information. The information includes major and minor version /// numbers, a build number, a platform identifier, and information about product suites and the /// latest Service Pack installed on the system. /// </para> /// </summary> /// /// <remarks> /// <para> /// Please refer to WIN API document for more detailed information. /// </para> /// </remarks> /// /// <author>saarixx</author> /// <author>TCSDEVELOPER</author> /// <version>1.0</version> /// <copyright>Copyright (c) 2008, TopCoder, Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright> [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct OSVersionInfoEx { /// <summary> /// <para> /// The size of this data structure, in bytes. /// </para> /// </summary> public int dwOSVersionInfoSize; /// <summary> /// <para> /// The major version number of the operating system. /// </para> /// </summary> public int dwMajorVersion; /// <summary> /// <para> /// The minor version number of the operating system. /// </para> /// </summary> public int dwMinorVersion; /// <summary> /// <para> /// The build number of the operating system. /// </para> /// </summary> public int dwBuildNumber; /// <summary> /// <para> /// The operating system platform. /// </para> /// </summary> public int dwPlatformId; /// <summary> /// <para> /// A null-terminated string, such as "Service Pack 3", that indicates the latest Service Pack /// installed on the system. If no Service Pack has been installed, the string is empty. /// </para> /// </summary> [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)] public string szCSDVersion; /// <summary> /// <para> /// The major version number of the latest Service Pack installed on the system. For example, /// for Service Pack 3, the major version number is 3. If no Service Pack has been installed, the /// value is zero. /// </para> /// </summary> public short wServicePackMajor; /// <summary> /// <para> /// The minor version number of the latest Service Pack installed on the system. For example, /// for Service Pack 3, the minor version number is 0. /// </para> /// </summary> public short wServicePackMinor; /// <summary> /// <para> /// A bit mask that identifies the product suites available on the system. /// </para> /// </summary> public short wSuiteMask; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Any additional information about the system. /// </para> /// </summary> public byte wProductType; /// <summary> /// <para> /// Reserved for future use. /// </para> /// </summary> public byte wReserved; } /// <summary> /// <para> /// Retrieves information about the current operating system. /// </para> /// </summary> /// /// <remarks> /// <para> /// Please refer to WIN API document for more detailed information. /// </para> /// </remarks> /// /// <param name="osVersionInfoEx"> /// A structure that receives the operating system information. /// </param> /// <returns> /// If the function succeeds, the return value is a nonzero value. If the function fails, the /// return value is zero. /// </returns> [DllImport("kernel32.Dll")] private static extern short GetVersionEx(ref OSVersionInfoEx osVersionInfoEx); /// <summary> /// <para> /// Retrieves the Windows version name. /// </para> /// <para> /// Currently the result can be one of: /// <list type="bullet"> /// <item>Windows 95</item> /// <item>Windows 98</item> /// <item>Windows ME</item> /// <item>Windows Vista</item> /// <item>Windows Server 2008</item> /// <item>Windows 7</item> /// <item>Windows Server 2003, Storage</item> /// <item>Windows Server 2003, Compute Cluster Edition</item> /// <item>Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition</item> /// <item>Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition</item> /// <item>Windows Server 2003, Web Edition</item> /// <item>Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition</item> /// <item>Windows XP Home Edition</item> /// <item>Windows XP Professional</item> /// <item>Windows 2000 Professional</item> /// <item>Windows 2000 Datacenter Server</item> /// <item>Windows 2000 Advanced Server</item> /// <item>Windows 2000 Server</item> /// <item>Windows NT 4.0</item> /// <item>Windows CE</item> /// <item>Unknown</item> /// </list> /// </para> /// </summary> /// /// <returns> /// The Windows version name (e.g. "Windows Vista"), can not be null or empty. /// </returns> /// /// <exception cref="PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException"> /// If an error occurred while getting the version. /// </exception> public static string GetVersion() { try { // Get platform PlatformID platform = Environment.OSVersion.Platform; // Get Windows major version int majorVersion = Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major; // Get Windows minor version int minorVersion = Environment.OSVersion.Version.Minor; // Get OS Version Info OSVersionInfoEx os = new OSVersionInfoEx(); if (platform == PlatformID.Win32NT) { os.dwOSVersionInfoSize = Marshal.SizeOf(os); // Call GetVersionEx if (GetVersionEx(ref os) == 0) { throw new PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException("GetVersionEx API failed."); } } // Default is Unknown string versionName = Unknown; // Handle Win95, 98, ME if ((platform == PlatformID.Win32Windows) && (majorVersion == 4)) { switch (minorVersion) { case 0: versionName = Windows95; break; case 10: versionName = Windows98; break; case 90: versionName = WindowsME; break; } } else if (platform == PlatformID.Win32NT) { switch (majorVersion) { //Handle Windows 10, //add below support Win10 info to IPSClient.exe->IPS.manifest //http://www.itdadao.com/article/227158/ //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn481241(v=vs.85).aspx //<supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}"/> case 10: if (minorVersion == 0) { if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION) { versionName = Windows10; } else { versionName = WindowsServer2016TP; } } break; // Handle Vista, Win2008,Windows 7,Windows 8/8.1, windows server 2012/2012R2 //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724832(v=vs.85).aspx case 6: #region Handle Windows8, 8.1, server 2012, server 2012 R2 #CJF 11/06/2013 if (minorVersion == 2) { if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION) { versionName = Windows8; } else { versionName = WindowsServer2012; } } if (minorVersion == 3) { if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION) { versionName = Windows8_1; } else { versionName = WindowsServer2012R2; } } #endregion if (minorVersion == 1) { // Windows 7 or windows Server 2008 R2 if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION) { versionName = Windows7; } else { versionName = WindowsServer2008R2; } } else if (minorVersion == 0) { // Vista or windows server 2008 if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION) { versionName = WindowsVista; } else { versionName = WindowsServer2008; } } break; // Handle Win2003, XP, Win2000 case 5: switch (minorVersion) { case 2: if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_STORAGE_SERVER) == VER_SUITE_STORAGE_SERVER) { versionName = WindowsServer2003Storage; } else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_COMPUTE_SERVER) == VER_SUITE_COMPUTE_SERVER) { versionName = WindowsServer2003ComputeClusterEdition; } else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_DATACENTER) == VER_SUITE_DATACENTER) { versionName = WindowsServer2003DatacenterEdition; } else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE) == VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE) { versionName = WindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition; } else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_BLADE) == VER_SUITE_BLADE) { versionName = WindowsServer2003WebEdition; } else { versionName = WindowsServer2003StandardEdition; } break; case 1: if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_PERSONAL) == VER_SUITE_PERSONAL) { versionName = WindowsXPHomeEdition; } else { versionName = WindowsXPProfessional; } break; case 0: if ((os.wProductType & VER_NT_WORKSTATION) == VER_NT_WORKSTATION) { versionName = Windows2000Professional; } else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_DATACENTER) == VER_SUITE_DATACENTER) { versionName = Windows2000DatacenterServer; } else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE) == VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE) { versionName = Windows2000AdvancedServer; } else { versionName = Windows2000Server; } break; } break; // Handle WinNT case 4: if (majorVersion == 0) { versionName = WindowsNT40; } break; } } // Handle WinCE else if (platform == PlatformID.WinCE) { versionName = WindowsCE; } return versionName; } catch(PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException) { throw; } catch(Exception ex) { // Wrap the exception into PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException throw new PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException( "An error occurred while getting the version.", ex); } } /// <summary> /// <para> /// Retrieves the Windows service pack. /// </para> /// </summary> /// /// <returns> /// The Windows service pack (can not be null, empty if no service packs are installed) /// </returns> /// /// <exception cref="PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException"> /// If an error occurred while getting the version of the service pack. /// </exception> public static string GetServicePack() { try { return Environment.OSVersion.ServicePack; } catch(Exception ex) { // Wrap the exception into PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException throw new PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException( "An error occurred while getting the version of the service pack.", ex); } } } }
Manifest 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0"> <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3"> <security> <requestedPrivileges> <requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator"/> </requestedPrivileges> </security> </trustInfo> <compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1"> <application> <!-- Windows 10 http://www.itdadao.com/article/227158/ https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn481241(v=vs.85).aspx --> <supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}"/> <!--This Id value indicates the application supports Windows 8.1 functionality--> <supportedOS Id="{1f676c76-80e1-4239-95bb-83d0f6d0da78}"/> <!-- Windows Vista --> <supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}"/> <!-- Windows 7 --> <supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}"/> <!-- Windows 8 --> <supportedOS Id="{4a2f28e3-53b9-4441-ba9c-d69d4a4a6e38}"/> </application> </compatibility> <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="SampleCode.GetWindowsVersionInfo" version="1.0.0.0" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="0000000000000000" /> </assembly>
VS项目截取：
