C#-连接oracle数据库
1、安装，使用ODP.NET
官方库Oracle.ManagedDataAccess，安装Install-Package Oracle.ManagedDataAccess
2、连接字符串
<add name="default" connectionString="user id=zhao;password=xxxx;data source=127.0.0.1:1521/USERINFO"/>
3、注意点
1）表中数据区分大小写
2）OracleParameter采用:，而不是@
3）语句的顺序要和OracleParameter的必须保持高度一致
4、OracleHelper类
using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Configuration; using System.Data; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using Newtonsoft.Json; using Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Client; namespace WebApiGxsfdx { public abstract class OracleHelper { //Create a hashtable for the parameter cached private static Hashtable parmCache = Hashtable.Synchronized(new Hashtable()); /// <summary> /// Execute a database query which does not include a select /// </summary> /// <param name="connString">Connection string to database</param> /// <param name="cmdType">Command type either stored procedure or SQL</param> /// <param name="cmdText">Acutall SQL Command</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">Parameters to bind to the command</param> /// <returns></returns> public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { // Create a new Oracle command OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); //Create a connection using (OracleConnection connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString)) { //Prepare the command PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters); //Execute the command int val = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); connection.Close(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } } /// <summary> /// 执行查询语句，返回DataSet /// </summary> /// <param name="SQLString">查询语句</param> /// <returns>DataSet</returns> public static DataSet Query(string connectionString, string SQLString, params OracleParameter[] cmdParms) { using (OracleConnection connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString)) { OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, SQLString, cmdParms); using (OracleDataAdapter da = new OracleDataAdapter(cmd)) { DataSet ds = new DataSet(); try { da.Fill(ds, "ds"); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); } catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return ds; } } } private static void PrepareCommand(OracleCommand cmd, OracleConnection conn, OracleTransaction trans, string cmdText, OracleParameter[] cmdParms) { if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open) conn.Open(); cmd.Connection = conn; cmd.CommandText = cmdText; if (trans != null) cmd.Transaction = trans; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;//cmdType; if (cmdParms != null) { foreach (OracleParameter parameter in cmdParms) { if ((parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) && (parameter.Value == null)) { parameter.Value = DBNull.Value; } cmd.Parameters.Add(parameter); } } } /// <summary> /// 执行一条计算查询结果语句，返回查询结果（object）。 /// </summary> /// <param name="SQLString">计算查询结果语句</param> /// <returns>查询结果（object）</returns> public static object GetSingle(string connectionString, string SQLString) { using (OracleConnection connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString)) { using (OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(SQLString, connection)) { try { connection.Open(); object obj = cmd.ExecuteScalar(); if ((Object.Equals(obj, null)) || (Object.Equals(obj, System.DBNull.Value))) { return null; } else { return obj; } } catch (OracleException ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } finally { if (connection.State != ConnectionState.Closed) { connection.Close(); } } } } } public static bool Exists(string connectionString, string strOracle) { object obj = OracleHelper.GetSingle(connectionString, strOracle); int cmdresult; if ((Object.Equals(obj, null)) || (Object.Equals(obj, System.DBNull.Value))) { cmdresult = 0; } else { cmdresult = int.Parse(obj.ToString()); } if (cmdresult == 0) { return false; } else { return true; } } /// <summary> /// Execute an OracleCommand (that returns no resultset) against an existing database transaction /// using the provided parameters. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// e.g.: /// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new OracleParameter(":prodid", 24)); /// </remarks> /// <param name="trans">an existing database transaction</param> /// <param name="commandType">the CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param> /// <param name="commandText">the stored procedure name or PL/SQL command</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">an array of OracleParamters used to execute the command</param> /// <returns>an int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns> public static int ExecuteNonQuery(OracleTransaction trans, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, trans.Connection, trans, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters); int val = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } /// <summary> /// Execute an OracleCommand (that returns no resultset) against an existing database connection /// using the provided parameters. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// e.g.: /// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new OracleParameter(":prodid", 24)); /// </remarks> /// <param name="conn">an existing database connection</param> /// <param name="commandType">the CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param> /// <param name="commandText">the stored procedure name or PL/SQL command</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">an array of OracleParamters used to execute the command</param> /// <returns>an int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns> public static int ExecuteNonQuery(OracleConnection connection, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters); int val = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } /// <summary> /// Execute an OracleCommand (that returns no resultset) against an existing database connection /// using the provided parameters. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// e.g.: /// int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new OracleParameter(":prodid", 24)); /// </remarks> /// <param name="conn">an existing database connection</param> /// <param name="commandText">the stored procedure name or PL/SQL command</param> /// <returns>an int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns> public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, string cmdText) { OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); OracleConnection connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString); PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, CommandType.Text, cmdText, null); int val = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } /// <summary> /// Execute a select query that will return a result set /// </summary> /// <param name="connString">Connection string</param> //// <param name="commandType">the CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param> /// <param name="commandText">the stored procedure name or PL/SQL command</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">an array of OracleParamters used to execute the command</param> /// <returns></returns> public static OracleDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); OracleConnection conn = new OracleConnection(connectionString); try { //Prepare the command to execute PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters); OracleDataReader rdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return rdr; } catch { conn.Close(); throw; } } /// <summary> /// Execute an OracleCommand that returns the first column of the first record against the database specified in the connection string /// using the provided parameters. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// e.g.: /// Object obj = ExecuteScalar(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new OracleParameter(":prodid", 24)); /// </remarks> /// <param name="connectionString">a valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param> /// <param name="commandType">the CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param> /// <param name="commandText">the stored procedure name or PL/SQL command</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">an array of OracleParamters used to execute the command</param> /// <returns>An object that should be converted to the expected type using Convert.To{Type}</returns> public static object ExecuteScalar(string connectionString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); using (OracleConnection conn = new OracleConnection(connectionString)) { PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters); object val = cmd.ExecuteScalar(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } } /// <summary> /// Execute a OracleCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction /// using the provided parameters. /// </summary> /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param> /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param> /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or PL/SQL command</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of OracleParamters used to execute the command</param> /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns> public static object ExecuteScalar(OracleTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction"); if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction"); // Create a command and prepare it for execution OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters); // Execute the command & return the results object retval = cmd.ExecuteScalar(); // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return retval; } /// <summary> /// Execute an OracleCommand that returns the first column of the first record against an existing database connection /// using the provided parameters. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// e.g.: /// Object obj = ExecuteScalar(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new OracleParameter(":prodid", 24)); /// </remarks> /// <param name="conn">an existing database connection</param> /// <param name="commandType">the CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param> /// <param name="commandText">the stored procedure name or PL/SQL command</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">an array of OracleParamters used to execute the command</param> /// <returns>An object that should be converted to the expected type using Convert.To{Type}</returns> public static object ExecuteScalar(OracleConnection connectionString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(); PrepareCommand(cmd, connectionString, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters); object val = cmd.ExecuteScalar(); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return val; } /// <summary> /// Add a set of parameters to the cached /// </summary> /// <param name="cacheKey">Key value to look up the parameters</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">Actual parameters to cached</param> public static void CacheParameters(string cacheKey, params OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { parmCache[cacheKey] = commandParameters; } /// <summary> /// Fetch parameters from the cache /// </summary> /// <param name="cacheKey">Key to look up the parameters</param> /// <returns></returns> public static OracleParameter[] GetCachedParameters(string cacheKey) { OracleParameter[] cachedParms = (OracleParameter[])parmCache[cacheKey]; if (cachedParms == null) return null; // If the parameters are in the cache OracleParameter[] clonedParms = new OracleParameter[cachedParms.Length]; // return a copy of the parameters for (int i = 0, j = cachedParms.Length; i < j; i++) clonedParms[i] = (OracleParameter)((ICloneable)cachedParms[i]).Clone(); return clonedParms; } /// <summary> /// Internal function to prepare a command for execution by the database /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">Existing command object</param> /// <param name="conn">Database connection object</param> /// <param name="trans">Optional transaction object</param> /// <param name="cmdType">Command type, e.g. stored procedure</param> /// <param name="cmdText">Command test</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">Parameters for the command</param> private static void PrepareCommand(OracleCommand cmd, OracleConnection conn, OracleTransaction trans, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, OracleParameter[] commandParameters) { //Open the connection if required if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open) conn.Open(); //Set up the command cmd.Connection = conn; cmd.CommandText = cmdText; cmd.CommandType = cmdType; //Bind it to the transaction if it exists if (trans != null) cmd.Transaction = trans; // Bind the parameters passed in if (commandParameters != null) { foreach (OracleParameter parm in commandParameters) cmd.Parameters.Add(parm); } } /// <summary> /// Converter to use boolean data type with Oracle /// </summary> /// <param name="value">Value to convert</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string OraBit(bool value) { if (value) return "Y"; else return "N"; } /// <summary> /// Converter to use boolean data type with Oracle /// </summary> /// <param name="value">Value to convert</param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool OraBool(string value) { if (value.Equals("Y")) return true; else return false; } } }
5、调用代码
StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder(); sql.Append(" select * from READER "); sql.Append(" where CERT_ID=:CERT_ID AND PASSWORD=:PASSWORD"); OracleParameter[] oracleParameters = { new OracleParameter(":CERT_ID", OracleDbType.Varchar2), new OracleParameter(":PASSWORD", OracleDbType.Varchar2) }; oracleParameters[0].Value = uid.Trim(); oracleParameters[1].Value = MD5Helper.EncryptString(pwd).ToUpper(); string str = ""; try { DataSet ds = OracleHelper.Query(_connStr, sql.ToString(), oracleParameters);
StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder(); sql.Append(" UPDATE READER_CERT "); sql.Append(" SET CERT_FLAG=:CERT_FLAG"); sql.Append(" where CERT_ID=:CERT_ID "); OracleParameter[] oracleParameters = { new OracleParameter(":CERT_FLAG", OracleDbType.Char), new OracleParameter(":CERT_ID", OracleDbType.Varchar2) }; oracleParameters[0].Value = flag; oracleParameters[1].Value = uid.Trim(); try { int i = OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(_connStr, CommandType.Text, sql.ToString(), oracleParameters);
