二叉树的递归遍历非递归遍历以及其他二叉树的相关操作实现(数据结构)

/*

*数据结构(C++)

*二叉树的相关操作

*二叉树的建立

*二叉树的有序建立

*二叉树的先序、中序、后序遍历递归实现以及非递归实现算法

*二叉树的层序遍历

*求二叉树的高度、节点个数、叶子节点数

*二叉树的销毁

*样例输入ab##cdd#e###,先序的方式,遇到空指针就是输入#

*/

#include <iostream>

#include<stack>

#include<queue>

using namespace std;

typedef char ElementType;

typedef struct Node

{

      int data;

      Node*next;

}Node;

 

typedef struct Leaf

{

      ElementType data;

      Leaf*left;

      Leaf*right;

}Leaf;

//二叉树的建立

Leaf*create()

{

      Leaf *p=NULL;

      ElementType temp;

      cin>>temp;

      if('#'==temp)

           return NULL;

      p=new Leaf;

      p->data=temp;

      p->left=create();

      p->right=create();

      return p;

}

//二叉树的插入排序,按字母由小到大的顺序(中序输出为从小到大的顺序)(样例输入fabcwrzoutd#)

Leaf*createByorder()

{

      Leaf*head=NULL;

      ElementType data;

      cout<<"请输入:(按#结束输入)\n";

      while(cin>>data)

      {

           if(data=='#')

                 break;

           Leaf*p=new Leaf;

           p->data=data;

           p->left=NULL;

           p->right=NULL;

           if(NULL==head)

           {

                 head=p;

           }

           else

           {

                 Leaf*q=head;

                 while(q!=NULL)

                 {

                      if(p->data<q->data)

                      {

                            if(!q->left)

                            {

                                  q->left=p;

                                  break;

                            }

                            q=q->left;       

                      }

                      else

                      {

                            if(!q->right)

                            {

                                  q->right=p;

                                  break;

                            }

                            q=q->right;    

                      }

                 }

           }

      }

      return head;

}

//二叉树的先序遍历

void firstOrder(Leaf*head)

{

      if(!head)

           return;

      cout<<head->data<<"  ";

      firstOrder(head->left);

      firstOrder(head->right);

}

//二叉树先序遍历非递归实现

void firstOrderNot(Leaf*head)

{

      stack<Leaf*>s;

      s.push(head);

      while(!s.empty())

      {

           Leaf*temp=s.top();

           s.pop();

           if(temp)

           {

                 cout<<temp->data<<"  ";

                 s.push(temp->right);

                 s.push(temp->left);

           }

      }

}

//二叉树的中序遍历

void middleOrder(Leaf *head)

{

      if(!head)

           return;

      middleOrder(head->left);

      cout<<head->data<<"  ";

      middleOrder(head->right);

}

void inOrder2(Leaf *root)      //非递归中序遍历(网上其他人的实现方法)

{

    stack<Leaf*> s;

    Leaf *p=root;

    while(p!=NULL||!s.empty())

    {

        while(p!=NULL)

        {

            s.push(p);

                 p=p->left;

        }

        if(!s.empty())

        {

            p=s.top();

            cout<<p->data<<" ";

            s.pop();

                 p=p->right;

        }

    }   

}

//二叉树的中序遍历非递归实现

void middleOrderNot(Leaf*head)

{

 

      if(!head)

           return;

      stack<Leaf*>s;

      s.push(head);

      Leaf*q=NULL;

      bool flag=true;

      while (!s.empty())

      {

           q=s.top();

           while (q->left&&flag)

           {

                 s.push(q->left);

                 q=q->left;

           }

           flag=false;

           Leaf*temp=s.top();

           s.pop();

           if(temp){

                 cout<<temp->data<<"  ";

                 if(temp->right)

                 {

                      s.push(temp->right);

                      flag=true;

                 }

           }

      }

}

//二叉树的后序遍历

void lastOrder(Leaf*head)

{

      if(!head)

           return;

      lastOrder(head->left);

      lastOrder(head->right);

      cout<<head->data<<"  ";

}

//二叉树的后序遍历非递归实现

void lastOrderNot(Leaf*head)

{

      if(!head)

           return;

      stack<Leaf*>s;

      Leaf*p=head;

      Leaf*visted=NULL;

      while(p!=NULL||(!s.empty()))

      {

           while(p!=NULL)

           {

                 s.push(p);

                 p=p->left;

           }

           p=s.top();

           if(p->right==NULL||p->right==visted)

           {

                 cout<<p->data<<" ";

                 s.pop();

                 visted=p;

                 p=NULL;

           }

           else

           {

                 p=p->right;

           }

      }

}

 

//二叉树层序遍历

void floorOrder(Leaf*head)

{

      if(!head)

           return;

      queue<Leaf*> q;

      q.push(head);

      while (!q.empty())

      {

           Leaf*temp=q.front();

           q.pop();

           if(temp)

           {

                 cout<<temp->data<<"  ";

                 q.push(temp->left);

                 q.push(temp->right);

           }

      }

}

 

//求二叉树的高度

int gettHeight(Leaf *head)

{

      if(!head)

           return 0;

      int left=1+gettHeight(head->left);

      int right=1+gettHeight(head->right);

      return left>right?left:right;

}

 

//二叉树的节点个数

int getCount(Leaf*head)

{

      if(!head)

           return 0;

      int left=getCount(head->left);

      int right=getCount(head->right);

      return left+right+1;

}

//二叉树的叶子节点个数

int getLeafCount(Leaf*head)

{

      static int count=0;

      if(!head)

           return 0;

      if((!head->left)&&(!head->right))

                 count++;

      getLeafCount(head->left);

      getLeafCount(head->right);

      return count;

}

//二叉树内存空间释放

void destroy(Leaf*&head)

{

      if(!head)

           return;

      destroy(head->left);

      destroy(head->right);

      delete(head);

      head=NULL;

}

//int main()

//{

//    cout<<"按字母从小到大的顺序建立二叉树:\n";

//    Leaf*head=createByorder();

//    //cout<<"请输入二叉树,如果是空指针,请用#代替"<<endl;

//    //Leaf *head=create();

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的先序遍历输出:";

//    firstOrder(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的先序遍历非递归输出:";

//    firstOrderNot(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的中序遍历输出:";

//    middleOrder(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的中序遍历非递归输出:";

//    middleOrderNot(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的后序遍历输出:";

//    lastOrder(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树后序遍历非递归输出:";

//    lastOrderNot(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的层序遍历:";

//    floorOrder(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的高度为:";

//    cout<<gettHeight(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的节点个数为:";

//    cout<<getCount(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树的叶子节点个数为:";

//    cout<<getLeafCount(head);

//    cout<<"\n二叉树正在销毁。。。。";

//    destroy(head);

//    if(!head)

//         cout<<"\n二叉树已经销毁\n";

//    return 0;

//}

posted @ 2014-04-27 01:27  般若一号  阅读(508)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报