SpringData系列一 Spring Data的环境搭建
本节作为主要讲解Spring Data的环境搭建
- JPA Spring Data :致力于减少数据访问层(DAO)的开发量。开发者唯一要做的就是声明持久层的接口,其他都交给Spring Data JPA来帮你完成!
- 使用Spring Data JPA进行持久层开发需要的四个步骤:
- 配置Spring 整合 JPA
- 在Spring配置文件中配置Spring Data,让Spring 为声明的接口创建代理对象。配置了<jpa:repositories>后,Spring 初始化容器时将会扫描base-package 指定的包目录及其子目录,为继承Repository或其子接口的接口创建代理对象,并将代理对象注册为SpringBean,业务层便可以通过Spring的自动封装的特性来直接使用该对象。
- 声明持久层的接口,该接口继承Repository。Repository是一个标记型接口,它不包含任何方法,如必要,Spring Data 可实现Repository其他子接口,其中定义了一些常用的增删改查,以及分页相关的方法。
- 在接口中声明需要的方法。Spring Data将根据给定的策略,来为其生成实现代码。
- 环境搭建
1.所需要的包
① 加入spring包
spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
② 加入hibernate包
antlr-2.7.7.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar
hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar
hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar
jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar
jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
③ 加jpa的包
hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.11.Final.jar
④ 加c3p0的包
c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar
hibernate-c3p0-4.3.11.Final.jar
mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar
⑤ 加mysql的驱动
mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar
⑥加入springData
spring-data-commons-1.6.2.RELEASE.jar
spring-data-jpa-1.4.2.RELEASE.jar
⑦加入 slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
2.Spring Bean配置文件
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
4 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
5 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
6 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
9 <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
10 <!--配置数据源 -->
11 <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
12 <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
13 <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
14 <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
15 <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
16 </bean>
17 <!--配置JPA的entityManagerFactory -->
18 <bean id="entityManagerFactory"
19 class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
20 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
21 <!-- 配置JPA的实现 -->
22 <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
23 <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"></bean>
24 </property>
25 <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ntjr.springdata"></property>
26 <property name="jpaProperties">
27 <props>
28 <!-- 二级缓存相关 -->
29 <!-- <prop key="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</prop>
30 <prop key="net.sf.ehcache.configurationResourceName">ehcache-hibernate.xml</prop> -->
31 <!-- 生成的数据表的列的映射策略 -->
32 <prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
33 <!-- hibernate 基本属性 -->
34 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
35 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
36 <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
37 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
38 </props>
39 </property>
40 </bean>
41 <!--配置事物管理器 -->
42 <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
43 <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property>
44 </bean>
45 <!-- 配置支持注解的事物 -->
46 <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
47 <!--配置springData -->
48 <!--base-package:扫描Repository Bean所在的package -->
49 <jpa:repositories base-package="com.ntjr.springdata"
50 entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"
51 transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager">
52 </jpa:repositories>
53 </beans>
3.数据库持久类
1 package com.ntjr.springdata;
2
3 import java.util.Date;
4
5 import javax.persistence.Column;
6 import javax.persistence.Entity;
7 import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
8 import javax.persistence.Id;
9 import javax.persistence.Table;
10
11 @Table(name = "JPA_PERSONS")
12 @Entity
13 public class Person {
14
15 private Integer id;
16 private String lastName;
17
18 private String email;
19 private Date birth;
20
21 @GeneratedValue
22 @Id
23 public Integer getId() {
24 return id;
25 }
26
27 public void setId(Integer id) {
28 this.id = id;
29 }
30
31 public String getLastName() {
32 return lastName;
33 }
34
35 @Column(name = "LAST_NAME")
36 public void setLastName(String lastName) {
37 this.lastName = lastName;
38 }
39
40 public String getEmail() {
41 return email;
42 }
43
44 public void setEmail(String email) {
45 this.email = email;
46 }
47
48 public Date getBirth() {
49 return birth;
50 }
51
52 public void setBirth(Date birth) {
53 this.birth = birth;
54 }
55
56 @Override
57 public String toString() {
58 return "Person [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email=" + email + ", birth=" + birth + "]";
59 }
60
61
62 }
4.DAO
1 package com.ntjr.springdata;
2
3 import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;
4
5 /**
6 *
7 * 1、实现Repository接口
8 * 2、通过注解的方式@RepositoryDefinition将一个bean定义为Repository接口
9 */
10 public interface PersonRepsitory extends Repository<Person, Integer> {
11 // 根据lastName获取对应的person
12 Person getByLastName(String lastName);
13 }
5.测试
1 package com.ntjr.springdata.test;
2
3 import org.junit.Test;
4 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
5 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
6
7 import com.ntjr.springdata.Person;
8 import com.ntjr.springdata.PersonRepsitory;
9
10 public class SpringDataTest {
11
12 private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
13 {
14 ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
15 }
16
17 @Test
18 public void getPersonForLastName() {
19 PersonRepsitory personRepsitory = ctx.getBean(PersonRepsitory.class);
20 Person person = personRepsitory.getByLastName("AA");
21 System.out.println(person);
22 }
23
24
25
26 }