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19、排序算法-归并排序

来源:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1B4411H76f?p=60

一、思路

归并排序:经典的分治策略解决排序问题

 

例如:[8,4,,7,1,3,6,2] 从小到大

分:

  1、[8,4,5,7] [1,3,6,2]

  2、[8,4] [5,7] [1,3] [6,2]

  3、[8] [4] [5] [7] [1] [3] [6] [2]

治:

  1、[4,8] [5,7]    [1,3] [2,6]

  2、 [4,5,7,8]      [1,2,3,6]

  3、[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

治的过程(以最后一次治为例 [4,5,7,8]  [1,2,3,6]):

  两个数组分别给定指针,i=0,j=0, 比较,取小的值,[1] ,对应的j++

  i=0,j=1,比较,得到[1,2],j++

  i=0,j=2,比较,得到[1,2,3],j++

  i=0,j=3,比较,得到[1,2,3,4],i++

  i=1,j=3,比较,得到[1,2,3,4,5],i++

  i=2,j=3,比较,得到[1,2,3,4,5,6],j++

  j已经无法继续后移,取出前面i对应数组剩余的数据,添加到后面,完成

二、实现

 1 //归并排序
 2 public class MergeSort {
 3     public static void main(String[] args) {
 4         int[] arr = {8,4,5,7,1,3,6,2};
 5         System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));
 6         int left = 0;
 7         int right = arr.length - 1;
 8         int[] temp = new int[arr.length];//存放取出来的数据
 9 
10         mergeSort(arr,left,right,temp);
11         System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));
12     }
13 
14     public static void mergeSort(int[] arr, int left, int right, int[] temp){
15         if(left < right){
16             int mid = (left + right)/2;
17             mergeSort(arr,left,mid,temp);
18             mergeSort(arr,mid+1,right,temp);
19 
20             merge(arr,left,mid,right,temp);
21         }
22 
23     }
24 
25     //
26     public static void merge(int[] arr, int left, int mid, int right, int[] temp){
27         int i = left;
28         int j = mid + 1;
29         int t = 0;//temp的下标
30 
31         //按照顺序比较
32         while (i <= mid && j <= right){
33             if(arr[i] <= arr[j]){
34                 temp[t] = arr[i];
35                 i += 1;
36                 t += 1;
37             }else {
38                 temp[t] = arr[j];
39                 j += 1;
40                 t += 1;
41             }
42         }
43         //比较完了,看剩没剩下
44         while (i <= mid){
45             temp[t] = arr[i];
46             i += 1;
47             t += 1;
48         }
49         while (j <= right){
50             temp[t] = arr[j];
51             j += 1;
52             t += 1;
53         }
54 
55         //将暂存的数据传给原来的arr
56         t = 0;
57         int tempLeft = left;
58         while (tempLeft <= right){
59             arr[tempLeft] = temp[t];
60             t += 1;
61             tempLeft += 1;
62         }
63 
64 
65     }
66 }

结果

[8, 4, 5, 7, 1, 3, 6, 2]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]

 

posted @ 2020-06-19 18:09  -小二黑-  阅读(162)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报