java中用Axis开发webservice的简单实例
本文主要记录Axis开发webservice简单实例的详细过程和步骤:
Axis官方网站:http://ws.apache.org/axis/
可以在官网下载最新1.4的包:axis-bin-1_4.zip
将解压后的axis-1_4\webapps\下的axis目录考到%TOMCAT_HOME%/Webapps/目录下
启动tomcat后在浏览器里输入http://localhost:8082/axis会看到下图所示(ps:本人的tomcat端口为8082)
点击上图中的Validataion链接,页面上会提示已经有的包和缺少的包的信息,根据提示将必须的包下载全,将这些类包复制到 %tomcathome%/webapps/axis/WEB-INF/lib/目录下重新启动tomcat,直到Validation页面中看不到有Error与Warning的提示信息。
如果提示缺少xmlsec.jar可以到http://santuario.apache.org/dist/java-library/下载.
Axis支持三种web service的客户端访问方式,分别为:
- Dynamic Invocation Interface ( DII)
- Dynamic Proxy方式
- Stubs方式
PS:看到很多资料将上述方式列为Web Servcie的三种“部署和开发方法,个人觉得有些欠妥
下面介绍axis部署和发布web service的方式:
一、JWS
JWS(Java Web
Service)是最简单的一种方式。Axis允许把普通Java类的源文件的扩展名改为.jws,然后把它简单的copy到AXIS_HOME下。这
样,Axis 会自动编译.jws文件,并把它自动加入到Java Web Servie的服务中。具体过程如下
1.用Eclipse或者文本编辑器编写一个java类SayHello.java(此类不含包名)
Java代码
- public class SayHello{
- public String sayMsg(String name){
- return "Hello,"+name;
- }
- }
public class SayHello{ public String sayMsg(String name){ return "Hello,"+name; }}
2.将上面的类(SayHello.java)copy到%tomcat_home%/webapps/axis/目录下,只需要把类的源文件(不是class)到这个目录下,重命名为:SayHello.jws
3.打开浏览器输入:http://localhost:8082/axis/SayHello.jws 会看到
点击上图Click to see the WSDL 的链接,就可以看到生成的wsdl。
4.客户端Dynamic Invocation Interface ( DII)方式 实现如下:
Java代码
- import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
- import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
- /**
- * axis client
- * @author Michael sun
- */
- public class TestClient {
- /**
- * @param args
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- String wsdlUrl = "http://localhost:8082/axis/SayHello.jws";
- // String wsdlUrl=”http://localhost:8080/axis/SayHello.jws?wsdl”
- Service s = new Service();
- Call call = (Call) s.createCall();
- call.setOperationName("sayMsg");// 这里是要调用的方法名
- call.setTargetEndpointAddress(wsdlUrl);// 设置调用的wsdl
- String val = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] { "My Michael Sun" });
- System.out.println("这是webservice服务器返回的信息:" + val);
- }
- }
import org.apache.axis.client.Call;import
org.apache.axis.client.Service;/** * axis client * @author Michael sun
*/public class TestClient { /** * @param args * @throws
Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws
Exception { String wsdlUrl =
"http://localhost:8082/axis/SayHello.jws"; // String
wsdlUrl=”http://localhost:8080/axis/SayHello.jws?wsdl” Service s =
new Service(); Call call = (Call) s.createCall();
call.setOperationName("sayMsg");// 这里是要调用的方法名
call.setTargetEndpointAddress(wsdlUrl);// 设置调用的wsdl String val
= (String) call.invoke(new Object[] { "My Michael Sun" });
System.out.println("这是webservice服务器返回的信息:" + val); }}
5.客户端Dynamic Proxy方式 实现如下:
Java代码
- public interface SayHelloInterface extends java.rmi.Remote {
- public String sayMsg(String name) throws java.rmi.RemoteException;
- }
public interface SayHelloInterface extends java.rmi.Remote { public
String sayMsg(String name) throws java.rmi.RemoteException;}
Java代码
- import java.net.URL;
- import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
- import javax.xml.rpc.Service;
- import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;
- /**
- * test Dynamic Proxy client
- * @author Michael sun
- */
- public class TestProxyClient {
- /**
- * @param args
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- String wsdlname = "http://localhost:8088/axis/SayHello.jws?wsdl";
- // 服务路径
- String namespaceUrl = "http://localhost:8088/axis/SayHello.jws";
- // 服务名
- String serviceName = "SayHelloService";
- // 服务
- String portName = "SayHello";
- // 创建代理对像
- ServiceFactory service = ServiceFactory.newInstance();
- // 创建远程服务
- Service s = service.createService(new URL(wsdlname), new QName(
- namespaceUrl, serviceName));
- SayHelloInterface proxy = (SayHelloInterface) s.getPort(new QName(
- namespaceUrl, portName), SayHelloInterface.class);
- System.out.println(proxy.sayMsg("Blue boy!"));
- }
- }
import java.net.URL;import javax.xml.namespace.QName;import
javax.xml.rpc.Service;import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;/** * test
Dynamic Proxy client * @author Michael sun */public class
TestProxyClient { /** * @param args * @throws Exception
*/ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String wsdlname = "http://localhost:8088/axis/SayHello.jws?wsdl";
// 服务路径 String namespaceUrl =
"http://localhost:8088/axis/SayHello.jws"; // 服务名 String
serviceName = "SayHelloService"; // 服务 String portName =
"SayHello"; // 创建代理对像 ServiceFactory service =
ServiceFactory.newInstance(); // 创建远程服务 Service s =
service.createService(new URL(wsdlname), new QName(
namespaceUrl, serviceName)); SayHelloInterface proxy =
(SayHelloInterface) s.getPort(new QName( namespaceUrl,
portName), SayHelloInterface.class);
System.out.println(proxy.sayMsg("Blue boy!")); }}
二、WSDD(Web Service Deployment Descriptor)文件发布Web Service
1.自定义参数bean和server的代码如下:
Java代码
- package wsaxis.bean;
- /**
- * bean
- * @author Michael sun
- */
- public class UserBean {
- private String userName;
- private Integer age;
- /**
- * @return the userName
- */
- public String getUserName() {
- return userName;
- }
- /**
- * @return the age
- */
- public Integer getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- /**
- * @param pUserName the userName to set
- */
- public void setUserName(String pUserName) {
- userName = pUserName;
- }
- /**
- * @param pAge the age to set
- */
- public void setAge(Integer pAge) {
- age = pAge;
- }
- }
package wsaxis.bean;/** * bean * @author Michael sun */public class
UserBean { private String userName; private Integer age; /**
* @return the userName */ public String getUserName() {
return userName; } /** * @return the age */ public
Integer getAge() { return age; } /** * @param pUserName
the userName to set */ public void setUserName(String pUserName)
{ userName = pUserName; } /** * @param pAge the age to
set */ public void setAge(Integer pAge) { age = pAge;
}}
Java代码
- package wsaxis;
- import wsaxis.bean.UserBean;
- /**
- * axis server
- * @author Michael sun
- */
- public class MessageService {
- /**
- * getBeanStr
- * @param bean
- * @return String
- */
- public String getBeanStr(UserBean bean) {
- return "You Name:" + bean.getUserName() + " , You Age:" + bean.getAge();
- }
- /**
- * checkUser
- * @param bean
- * @return String
- */
- public String checkUser(UserBean bean) {
- if ("Michael".equals(bean.getUserName())) {
- return "Michael welcome to axis ";
- } else {
- return bean.getUserName() + " can't access this ws";
- }
- }
- }
package wsaxis;import wsaxis.bean.UserBean;/** * axis server * @author
Michael sun */public class MessageService { /** * getBeanStr
* @param bean * @return String */ public String
getBeanStr(UserBean bean) { return "You Name:" +
bean.getUserName() + " , You Age:" + bean.getAge(); } /** *
checkUser * @param bean * @return String */ public String
checkUser(UserBean bean) { if
("Michael".equals(bean.getUserName())) { return "Michael
welcome to axis "; } else { return bean.getUserName() +
" can't access this ws"; } }}
2.deploy.wsdd和undeploy.wsdd文件的编写如下:
WSDD文件描述可参见:http://www.oio.de/axis-wsdd/
Xml代码
- <deployment name="test" xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"
- xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">
- <service name="MessageService" provider="java:RPC" style="rpc" use="encoded">
- <parameter name="className" value="wsaxis.MessageService"/>
- <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/>
- <typeMapping xmlns:ns1="http://wsaxis.michael.com" qname="ns1:userBean"
- type="java:wsaxis.bean.UserBean"
- serializer="org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanSerializerFactory"
- deserializer="org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanDeserializerFactory"
- encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
- />
- </service>
- </deployment>
<deployment name="test" xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"
xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java"> <service
name="MessageService" provider="java:RPC" style="rpc"
use="encoded"> <parameter name="className"
value="wsaxis.MessageService"/> <parameter
name="allowedMethods" value="*"/> <typeMapping
xmlns:ns1="http://wsaxis.michael.com" qname="ns1:userBean"
type="java:wsaxis.bean.UserBean"
serializer="org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanSerializerFactory"
deserializer="org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanDeserializerFactory"
encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
/> </service></deployment>
Xml代码
- <undeployment
- xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/">
- <!-- Services from MessageService WSDL service -->
- <service name="MessageService"/>
- </undeployment>
<undeployment
xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"> <!-- Services from
MessageService WSDL service --> <service
name="MessageService"/></undeployment>
3.将上面写好的两个类的class文件复制到%tomcat_home%/axis/WEB-INF/class/目录下,完整的目录结构复制过来,然后在把两个wsdd文件复制到%tomcat_home%/axis/WEB-INF/目录下,打开控制台进入%tomcat_home%/axis/WEB-INF/目录下:
>java -Djava.ext.dirs=lib org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient -p 8082 deploy.wsdd
-s参数指定了AxisServlet所在的应用程序路径
>java -Djava.ext.dirs=lib org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient -p 8082 -s /axis/servlet/AxisServlet deploy.wsdd
-l参数指定目标应用的URL
>java -Djava.ext.dirs=lib
org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient
–lhttp://localhost:8082/axis/services/MessageService deploy.wsdd
这个命令就是发布这个服务,发布成功后在控制台下会有提示:
Processing file deploy.wsdd
<Admin>Done processing</Admin>
同时发布后会在%tomcat_home%/axis/目录下,多了一个server-config.wsdd文件.
在浏览器输入:http://localhost:8082/axis/services/MessageService会看到下图
5.client的生成方法:
打开控制台进入%tomcat_home%/axis/WEB-INF/目录下:
>java -Djava.ext.dirs=lib org.apache.axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java -p client http://localhost:8082/axis/services/MessageService?wsdl
会在当前的目录下生成client文件夹,这个目录里文件就是客户端源码。
6.通过WSDD文件卸载发布的webservice:
打开控制台进入%tomcat_home%/axis/WEB-INF/目录下:
>java -Djava.ext.dirs=lib org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient undeploy.wsdd
如果不是默认8080端口需要加上参数-p:
>java -Djava.ext.dirs=lib org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient -p 8082 undeploy.wsdd
PS:java -Djava.ext.dirs=lib 也可以用java -cp "lib\*"
7.客户端Stubs方式实现如下:
Java代码
- import java.net.URL;
- import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
- import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
- import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
- import org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanDeserializerFactory;
- import org.apache.axis.encoding.ser.BeanSerializerFactory;
- import stubclient.UserBean;
- /**
- * test stub client
- * @author Michael sun
- */
- public class TestStubClient {
- /**
- * @param args
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- QName qname = new QName("http://wsaxis.michael.com", "user");
- Service s = new Service();
- Call call = (Call) s.createCall();
- // 注册这个bean为可序列化的.传递参数
- call.registerTypeMapping(UserBean.class, qname,
- new BeanSerializerFactory(UserBean.class, qname),
- new BeanDeserializerFactory(UserBean.class, qname));
- // 设置一下调用方法名.
- call.setOperationName("getBeanStr");
- // 设置一下这个服务的绝对路径.
- call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new URL(
- "http://localhost:8082/axis/services/MessageService?wsdl"));
- // 实例化一个UserBean,这个UserBean是生成client的UserBean
- UserBean u = new UserBean();
- u.setAge(28);
- u.setUserName("Michael");
- // 通知方法,并返回结果
- String str = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] { u });
- System.out.println("web service 返回信息:" + str);
- }
- }
原文:http://sjsky.iteye.com/blog/683916
跟着做了一遍,感觉又学到很多东西,后面java客户端没做,改用c#程序来调用java服务,实现了不同平台间的相互通信。