SpringBoot生成验证码

阅读目录

一、使用AWT
- 1、定义工具类(Util)：CreateValidateCode
- 2、Controller层
二、使用captcha-start
三、使用封装好的工具类

一、使用AWT

1、定义工具类(Util)：CreateValidateCode

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * @author zhangzhixi
 */
public class CreateValidateCode {

    private BufferedImage image;// 图像
    private String str;// 验证码
    // 字符串转char数组
    private static char code[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ123456789".toCharArray();

    public static final String SESSION_CODE_NAME = "code";

    public CreateValidateCode() {
        init();// 初始化属性
    }

    /*
     * 取得RandomNumUtil实例
     */
    public static CreateValidateCode Instance() {
        return new CreateValidateCode();
    }

    /*
     * 取得验证码图片
     */
    public BufferedImage getImage() {
        return this.image;
    }

    /*
     * 取得图片的验证码
     */
    public String getString() {
        return str.toLowerCase();
    }

    private void init() {
        // 在内存中创建图象
        int width = 60, height = 20;
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        // 获取图形上下文
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
        // 生成随机类
        Random random = new Random();
        // 设定背景色
        g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
        // 设定字体
        g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18));
        // 随机产生155条干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到
        g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
        for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(width);
            int y = random.nextInt(height);
            int xl = random.nextInt(12);
            int yl = random.nextInt(12);
            g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
        }
        // 取随机产生的认证码(4位数字)
        String sRand = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            String rand = String.valueOf(code[random.nextInt(code.length)]);
            sRand += rand;
            // 将认证码显示到图象中
            g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
            // 调用函数出来的颜色相同，可能是因为种子太接近，所以只能直接生成
            g.drawString(rand, 13 * i + 6, 16);
        }
        // 赋值验证码

        this.str = sRand;


        // 图象生效
        g.dispose();

        /* 赋值图像 */
        this.image = image;
    }

    /**
     * @param fc
     * @param bc
     * @return 给定范围获得随机颜色
     */
    private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
        Random random = new Random();
        if (fc > 255) {
            fc = 255;
        }
        if (bc > 255) {
            bc = 255;
        }
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        return new Color(r, g, b);
    }
}

2、Controller层

@Controller
public class MyController {

    //验证码
    @RequestMapping("/getCode")
    public void getValidateCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        //创建输出流
        OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
        //获取session
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        //获取验证码
        CreateValidateCode createValidateCode = new CreateValidateCode();
        String generateVerifyCode = createValidateCode.getString();
        //将验证码存入session，做登录验证
        session.setAttribute("code", generateVerifyCode);
        System.out.println("验证码为：" + generateVerifyCode);
        //获取验证码图片
        BufferedImage image = createValidateCode.getImage();
        ImageIO.write(image, "png", outputStream);
        //关流
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();
    }
}

回到顶部

二、使用captcha-start

GitHub地址：https://github.com/aqiu202/captcha-spring-boot-starter

1.引入依赖

<!--验证码-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.aqiu202</groupId>
    <artifactId>captcha-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--模板引擎-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringBootWeb开发依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.配置文件：application.yaml

captcha:
  height: 40 #图片高度
  width: 100 #图片宽度
  has-border: true #设置图片为有边框
  noise: #噪化方式先阴影，再添加曲线，再扭曲变形最后添加噪点
    styles:
      - SHADOW
      - LINE
      - SHEAR
      - POINT

3.controller：VerifyCodeController.java

package com.zhixi.controller;
 
import com.github.code.aqiu202.captcha.CaptchaProducer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
 
/**
 * @ClassName VerifyCodeController
 * @Author zhangzhixi
 * @Description
 * @Date 2022-1-13 10:18
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@Validated
@Controller
public class VerifyCodeController {
 
    @Autowired
    private CaptchaProducer producer;
 
    /*表单*/
    @PostMapping("/userRegister")
    public String userRegister(HttpServletRequest request,
                               HttpServletResponse response,
                               Model model,
                               @RequestParam("username") String userName,
                               @RequestParam("password") String passwd,
                               @RequestParam("yzmInput") String yzmInput,
                               @RequestParam("userage") Integer age) {
        String code = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("CODE");
        System.out.println(yzmInput);
        if ("".equals(yzmInput)) {
            model.addAttribute("codeErr", "请输入验证码！");
            return "index";
        }
        /*判断验证码是否正确*/
        if (yzmInput != null && code != null) {
            if (!code.equalsIgnoreCase(yzmInput)) {
                model.addAttribute("codeErr", "验证码错误！");
                return "index";
            }
        }
        return "sucess";
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取验证码
     **/
    @ResponseBody
    @GetMapping("/verify-code/code")
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        /*随机生成验证码*/
        String text = this.producer.createText();
        /*将验证码放到session中*/
        req.getSession().setAttribute("CODE", text);
        /*写入到浏览器中*/
        this.producer.writeToResponse(text, resp);
    }
}

4.index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/userRegister" method="post">
    用户名：<input type="text" id="name" name="username" /><br>
    密码：<input type="password" id="password" name="password" /><br>
    年龄：<input type="text" id="age" name="userage" /><br>
    <div th:text="${codeErr}" style="color: red"></div><br>
    验证码：<input type="text" name="yzmInput"/><img onclick="changeCode(this)" id="codeJPG" name="yzm" src="/verify-code/code" style="cursor:pointer;" /> <br>
    <input type="submit" name="提交"/>
</form>
<div>
    <script>
        function changeCode(obj) {
            obj.src = "/verify-code/code?" + Math.random();
        }
    </script>
</div>
</body>
</html>

5.success.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
恭喜您注册成功
</body>
</html>

回到顶部

三、使用封装好的工具类

1.导入pom

<!--验证码-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId>
    <artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.controller层

package com.zhixi.controller;
 
 
import com.wf.captcha.ChineseGifCaptcha;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/code")
public class CodeController {
 
    /**
     * 生成验证码
     *
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @GetMapping("/getCode")
    public void getCode(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
 
        //算术验证码 数字加减乘除. 建议2位运算就行:captcha.setLen(2);
//        ArithmeticCaptcha captcha = new ArithmeticCaptcha(120, 40);
 
        // 中文验证码
//        ChineseCaptcha captcha = new ChineseCaptcha(120, 40);
 
        // 英文与数字验证码
//        SpecCaptcha captcha = new SpecCaptcha(120, 40);
 
        //英文与数字动态验证码
//        GifCaptcha captcha = new GifCaptcha(120, 40);
 
        // 中文动态验证码
        ChineseGifCaptcha captcha = new ChineseGifCaptcha(120, 40);
 
        // 生成验证码的长度
        captcha.setLen(5);
 
        // 获取运算的结果s
        String result = captcha.text();
        System.out.println(result);
        captcha.out(outputStream);
    }
}