SpringBoot生成验证码
一、使用AWT
1、定义工具类(Util):CreateValidateCode
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.util.Random; /** * @author zhangzhixi */ public class CreateValidateCode { private BufferedImage image;// 图像 private String str;// 验证码 // 字符串转char数组 private static char code[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ123456789".toCharArray(); public static final String SESSION_CODE_NAME = "code"; public CreateValidateCode() { init();// 初始化属性 } /* * 取得RandomNumUtil实例 */ public static CreateValidateCode Instance() { return new CreateValidateCode(); } /* * 取得验证码图片 */ public BufferedImage getImage() { return this.image; } /* * 取得图片的验证码 */ public String getString() { return str.toLowerCase(); } private void init() { // 在内存中创建图象 int width = 60, height = 20; BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); // 获取图形上下文 Graphics g = image.getGraphics(); // 生成随机类 Random random = new Random(); // 设定背景色 g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250)); g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); // 设定字体 g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18)); // 随机产生155条干扰线,使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到 g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200)); for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(width); int y = random.nextInt(height); int xl = random.nextInt(12); int yl = random.nextInt(12); g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl); } // 取随机产生的认证码(4位数字) String sRand = ""; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { String rand = String.valueOf(code[random.nextInt(code.length)]); sRand += rand; // 将认证码显示到图象中 g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110))); // 调用函数出来的颜色相同,可能是因为种子太接近,所以只能直接生成 g.drawString(rand, 13 * i + 6, 16); } // 赋值验证码 this.str = sRand; // 图象生效 g.dispose(); /* 赋值图像 */ this.image = image; } /** * @param fc * @param bc * @return 给定范围获得随机颜色 */ private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) { Random random = new Random(); if (fc > 255) { fc = 255; } if (bc > 255) { bc = 255; } int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); return new Color(r, g, b); } }
2、Controller层
@Controller public class MyController { //验证码 @RequestMapping("/getCode") public void getValidateCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { //创建输出流 OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); //获取session HttpSession session = request.getSession(); //获取验证码 CreateValidateCode createValidateCode = new CreateValidateCode(); String generateVerifyCode = createValidateCode.getString(); //将验证码存入session,做登录验证 session.setAttribute("code", generateVerifyCode); System.out.println("验证码为:" + generateVerifyCode); //获取验证码图片 BufferedImage image = createValidateCode.getImage(); ImageIO.write(image, "png", outputStream); //关流 outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); } }
二、使用captcha-start
GitHub地址:https://github.com/aqiu202/captcha-spring-boot-starter
1.引入依赖
<!--验证码--> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.aqiu202</groupId> <artifactId>captcha-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>0.0.3</version> </dependency> <!--模板引擎--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <!--SpringBootWeb开发依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
2.配置文件:application.yaml
captcha: height: 40 #图片高度 width: 100 #图片宽度 has-border: true #设置图片为有边框 noise: #噪化方式先阴影,再添加曲线,再扭曲变形最后添加噪点 styles: - SHADOW - LINE - SHEAR - POINT
3.controller:VerifyCodeController.java
package com.zhixi.controller; import com.github.code.aqiu202.captcha.CaptchaProducer; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; /** * @ClassName VerifyCodeController * @Author zhangzhixi * @Description * @Date 2022-1-13 10:18 * @Version 1.0 */ @Validated @Controller public class VerifyCodeController { @Autowired private CaptchaProducer producer; /*表单*/ @PostMapping("/userRegister") public String userRegister(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Model model, @RequestParam("username") String userName, @RequestParam("password") String passwd, @RequestParam("yzmInput") String yzmInput, @RequestParam("userage") Integer age) { String code = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("CODE"); System.out.println(yzmInput); if ("".equals(yzmInput)) { model.addAttribute("codeErr", "请输入验证码!"); return "index"; } /*判断验证码是否正确*/ if (yzmInput != null && code != null) { if (!code.equalsIgnoreCase(yzmInput)) { model.addAttribute("codeErr", "验证码错误!"); return "index"; } } return "sucess"; } /** * 获取验证码 **/ @ResponseBody @GetMapping("/verify-code/code") public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException { /*随机生成验证码*/ String text = this.producer.createText(); /*将验证码放到session中*/ req.getSession().setAttribute("CODE", text); /*写入到浏览器中*/ this.producer.writeToResponse(text, resp); } }
4.index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <form action="/userRegister" method="post"> 用户名:<input type="text" id="name" name="username" /><br> 密码:<input type="password" id="password" name="password" /><br> 年龄:<input type="text" id="age" name="userage" /><br> <div th:text="${codeErr}" style="color: red"></div><br> 验证码:<input type="text" name="yzmInput"/><img onclick="changeCode(this)" id="codeJPG" name="yzm" src="/verify-code/code" style="cursor:pointer;" /> <br> <input type="submit" name="提交"/> </form> <div> <script> function changeCode(obj) { obj.src = "/verify-code/code?" + Math.random(); } </script> </div> </body> </html>
5.success.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> 恭喜您注册成功 </body> </html>
三、使用封装好的工具类
1.导入pom
<!--验证码--> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId> <artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId> <version>1.6.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
2.controller层
package com.zhixi.controller; import com.wf.captcha.ChineseGifCaptcha; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; @RestController @RequestMapping("/code") public class CodeController { /** * 生成验证码 * * @return * @throws Exception */ @GetMapping("/getCode") public void getCode(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); //算术验证码 数字加减乘除. 建议2位运算就行:captcha.setLen(2); // ArithmeticCaptcha captcha = new ArithmeticCaptcha(120, 40); // 中文验证码 // ChineseCaptcha captcha = new ChineseCaptcha(120, 40); // 英文与数字验证码 // SpecCaptcha captcha = new SpecCaptcha(120, 40); //英文与数字动态验证码 // GifCaptcha captcha = new GifCaptcha(120, 40); // 中文动态验证码 ChineseGifCaptcha captcha = new ChineseGifCaptcha(120, 40); // 生成验证码的长度 captcha.setLen(5); // 获取运算的结果s String result = captcha.text(); System.out.println(result); captcha.out(outputStream); } }