Swift3 - String 字符串、Array 数组、Dictionary 字典的使用
Swift相关知识，本随笔为 字符串、数组、字典的简单使用。
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/// 2016.12.29
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1、Swift3 ，字符串的简单使用,直接将代码贴过来，更方便查看
// 字符串 string func stringTest() -> Void { // 字符串 let str1 = "yiyi" let str2 = "2222" var str3 = String()//空string var str4 = ""// 空string // 字符（字符为 一 个） let char1:Character = "d" // 字符串长度 var strCount = str1.characters.count strCount = str1.lengthOfBytes(using: String.Encoding.utf8) print(String(format:"strCount == "),strCount) // 字符串转换integer print((str2 as NSString).integerValue) // 字符串拼接 str3 = str1 + str2 // str3 = "\(str1)\(str2)" // str3 = globalStr + String(str1) print(String(format:"str3 == "),str3) // 字符串与字符拼接 // str4 = str1+String(char1) str4 = "\(str1)\(char1)" str4 = str1.appending(String(char1))// 其他类型转换string String() exp:String(strCount) print(String(format:""),str4) //字符串与其他类型值的拼接 let int1 = 10 let int2 = 11.1 let str5 = String(format:"%i%.1f",int1,int2) print(String(format:"str5 == "),str5) // 字符串枚举 遍历每个字符 let s1 = "hello world!" if strCount != 0 { print("判断string长度不为0，不是空") } for c in s1.characters { print(c) } // 字符串比较 let ss1 = "hello" let ss2 = ",banana" var ss3 = ss1+ss2 if ss1 == ss2 { print("ss1=ss2") } if ss1+ss2 == ss3 { print("ss1+ss2=ss3") } if ss1 > ss2 {// h大于b print("ss1>ss2") } // 判断字符串是否包含字符串 if (ss3 .range(of: ss1) != nil) { print("字符串包含子串") }
if ss3.hasPrefix("he") {}
if ss3.hasSuffix("a") {}
// 字符串 大小写 print(ss3.uppercased())// HELLO,BANANA print(ss3.capitalized)// Hello,Banana print(ss3.lowercased())// hello,banana /* // 这两个用法没 明白 print(ss3.uppercased(with: Locale(identifier: "l")))// HELLO,BANANA print(ss3.lowercased(with: Locale(identifier: "o")))// hello,banana */ // 截取 修剪 字符串 print(ss3.substring(from: ss3.characters.index(of: ",")!))//,banana 截取字符串从“,”开始 print(ss3.substring(to: ss3.characters.index(of: ",")!))//hello 截取字符串到“,”结束 print(ss3.unicodeScalars[ss3.unicodeScalars.startIndex ..< ss3.unicodeScalars.index(of: ",")!]);// hello print(ss3[ss3.index(ss3.startIndex, offsetBy: 4)])// o 取字符串的某个字符 ss3.remove(at: ss3.characters.index(of: ",")!)// 去除字符串中特殊字符 print(ss3)// hellobanana }
2、数组的简单使用
// 数组 array func arrayTest() -> Void { // 初始化 // var array1:[Any] = []// 空 任意类型 // var array2 = Array<Any>() // var array3:[String] = []// 空 string 类型 // var array4 = Array<String>() // let array5 = Array<Any>(repeatElement("", count: 3)) var arr0 = ["what","test","swift","array"] let arr1 = ["hyArr",1,"hySwift",3] as [Any] var arr2 = [1,"2","swiftArr2",3,9,5] as [Any] print(arr2[0], arr2[3], separator: "* ") // arr0.count 数组count print(String(format:"arr0 长度 == "),arr0.count) // 判断数组是否为空 if arr1.isEmpty { print("arr1数组是空") }else { print("arr1数组不空") } // arr1[arr1.count-2] 取数组的某个元素 print(arr1[arr1.count-2])// hySwift // print(arr1[0])// hyArr // public var first: Self.Iterator.Element? { get } print(arr1.first!)// hyArr // 遍历数组 for i in 0..<arr1.count { print(arr1[i]) } // 包含 if arr0 .contains("test") { print("数组包含 test") }else { print("数组不包含 test") } // 删除元素 // arr2 .remove(at: 4) // arr2 .removeSubrange(1..<3)// 删除 1、2 两个元素 // arr2 .removeLast() // arr2 .removeFirst() arr2 .removeAll() print(arr2) // 添加元素 arr2 .append("new1")// ["new1"] arr2.append(contentsOf: ["Shakia", "William"]) print(arr2) arr2 = arr1 + arr2// ["hyArr", 1, "hySwift", 3, "new1"] arr2 = arr1 arr2 .insert("insertElement", at: 3)//["hyArr", 1, "hySwift", "insertElement", 3, "new1"] // 更换 if let i = arr0.index(of: "test") { arr0[i] = "测试" } arr2[0] = "domy" print(arr2) // 数组排序 var sortArr = [3,5,1,0,8,0] sortArr.sort(by: >) print(String(format:"排序后："),sortArr)// 排序后： [8, 5, 3, 1, 0, 0] // 二维数组 let tArr1 = [["tSwift","haha"],1,[3,2]] as [Any] let subArr1 = tArr1[0] print(subArr1) /// Array => NSArray /// 苹果的例子 /// Description: /// The following example shows how you can bridge an `Array` instance to /// `NSArray` to use the `write(to:atomically:)` method. In this example, the /// `colors` array can be bridged to `NSArray` because its `String` elements /// bridge to `NSString`. The compiler prevents bridging the `moreColors` /// array, on the other hand, because its `Element` type is /// `Optional<String>`, which does *not* bridge to a Foundation type. let colors = ["periwinkle", "rose", "moss"] let moreColors: [String?] = ["ochre", "pine"] let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: "names.plist") (colors as NSArray).write(to: url as URL, atomically: true) // true (moreColors as NSArray).write(to: url as URL, atomically: true) // error: cannot convert value of type '[String?]' to type 'NSArray' /// Array 的更多其他用法点进去查看方法文档 }
3、字典的简单使用
// 字典 dictionary func dictionaryTest() -> Void { // 创建字典 var dict = [200:"ok",400:"error"]// [key:value] var emptyDict: [String: Any] = [:]// 空字典 var emptyDict: [Int: String] = [:] emptyDict = ["key1":"value1","key2":2] // Getting and Setting Dictionary Values print(dict[200]!)// ok print(emptyDict["key1"]!)// value1 // 添加键值对 emptyDict["key3"] = "value3" print(emptyDict)// ["key2": 2, "key3": "value3", "key1": "value1"] // 更新键值对的value emptyDict["key2"] = "updateValue2" print(String(format:("更换value后：")),emptyDict) var interestingNumbers = ["primes": [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15], "triangular": [1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28], "hexagonal": [1, 6, 15, 28, 45, 66, 91]] // 排序 for key in interestingNumbers.keys { interestingNumbers[key]?.sort(by: >) } print(interestingNumbers["primes"]!) /// print(interestingNumbers) /// ["hexagonal": [91, 66, 45, 28, 15, 6, 1], /// "primes": [15, 13, 11, 7, 5, 3, 2], /// "triangular": [28, 21, 15, 10, 6, 3, 1]] // 遍历字典 let imagePaths = ["star": "/glyphs/star.png", "portrait": "/images/content/portrait.jpg", "spacer": "/images/shared/spacer.gif"] for (key, value) in imagePaths { print("The path to '\(key)' is '\(value)'.") } /// search a dictionary's contents for a particular value // let glyphIndex = imagePaths.index { // $0.value.hasPrefix("/glyphs") // } // print(imagePaths[glyphIndex!].value)// /glyphs/star.png // print(imagePaths[glyphIndex!].key)// star let glyphIndex = imagePaths.contains { $0.value.hasPrefix("/glyphx") } print(glyphIndex)// ture /// Bridging Between Dictionary and NSDictionary // imagePaths as NSDictionary print("keys:\((imagePaths as NSDictionary).allKeys) ,values:\((imagePaths as NSDictionary).allValues)") }
