C# 将数据导出到Excel汇总

在asp.net中导出Excel有两种方法，一种是将导出的文件存放在服务器某个文件夹下面，然后将文件地址输出在浏览器上；一种是将文件直接将文件输出流写给浏览器。在Response输出时，t分隔的数据，导出Excel时，等价于分列，n等价于换行。

1、将整个html全部输出Excel

此法将html中所有的内容，如按钮，表格，图片等全部输出到Excel中。

Response.Clear();     
    Response.Buffer=   true;     
    Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+".xls");           
    Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;   
    Response.ContentType   =   "application/vnd.ms-excel";   
    this.EnableViewState   =   false;  

这里我们利用了ContentType属性，它默认的属性为text/html，这时将输出为超文本，即我们常见的网页格式到客户端，如果改为ms-excel将将输出excel格式，也就是说以电子表格的格式输出到客户端，这时浏览器将提示你下载保存。ContentType的属性还包括：image/JPEG;text/HTML;image/GIF;vnd.ms-excel/msword
。同理，我们也可以输出(导出)图片、word文档等。下面的方法，也均用了这个属性。

2、将DataGrid控件中的数据导出Excel   (指定控件导出方式，这里我以DataGrid为例子，大家可以使用任意控件)

System.Web.UI.Control ctl=this.DataGrid1;
//DataGrid1是你在窗体中拖放的控件
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls"); 
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";     
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding =System.Text.Encoding.Default; 
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;    
System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ; 
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw); 
ctl.RenderControl(hw); 
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString()); 
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();

如果你的DataGrid用了分页，它导出的是当前页的信息，也就是它导出的是DataGrid中显示的信息。而不是你select语句的全部信息。

public void DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)   
{ 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls"); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";     
   HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding =System.Text.Encoding.Default; 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
   ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;    
   System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ; 
   System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw); 
   ctl.RenderControl(hw); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString()); 
   HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); 
}

用法：DGToExcel(datagrid1);
  
3、将DataSet中的数据导出Excel

有了上边的思路，就是将在导出的信息，输出（Response）客户端，这样就可以导出了。那么把DataSet中的数据导出，也就是把DataSet中的表中的各行信息，以ms-excel的格式Response到http流，这样就OK了。说明：参数ds应为填充有数据表的DataSet，文件名是全名，包括后缀名，如Excel2006.xls

public void CreateExcel(DataSet ds,string FileName) 
{ 
HttpResponse resp; 
resp = Page.Response; 
resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"); 
resp.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+FileName);    
string colHeaders= "", ls_item="";   

//定义表对象与行对象，同时用DataSet对其值进行初始化 
DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0]; 
DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select();//可以类似dt.Select("id>10")之形式达到数据筛选目的
        int i=0; 
        int cl=dt.Columns.Count; 
    
//取得数据表各列标题，各标题之间以t分割，最后一个列标题后加回车符 
for(i=0;i<cl;i++)
{
if(i==(cl-1))//最后一列，加n
{
colHeaders +=dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString() +"n"; 
}
else
{
colHeaders+=dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+"t"; 
}
       
}
resp.Write(colHeaders); 
//向HTTP输出流中写入取得的数据信息 
   
//逐行处理数据   
foreach(DataRow row in myRow) 
{     
//当前行数据写入HTTP输出流，并且置空ls_item以便下行数据     
for(i=0;i<cl;i++)
{
if(i==(cl-1))//最后一列，加n
{
ls_item +=row[i].ToString()+"n"; 
}
else
{
ls_item+=row[i].ToString()+"t"; 
}
  
}
resp.Write(ls_item); 
ls_item=""; 
    
}    
resp.End(); 
}

4、将dataview导出excel
若想实现更加富于变化或者行列不规则的excel导出时，可用本法。

public void OutputExcel(DataView dv,string str) 
{ 
   //dv为要输出到Excel的数据，str为标题名称 
   GC.Collect(); 
   Application excel;// = new Application(); 
   int rowIndex=4; 
   int colIndex=1; 

   _Workbook xBk; 
   _Worksheet xSt; 

   excel= new ApplicationClass(); 
   
   xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true); 
    
   xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet; 

   // 
   //取得标题 
   // 
   foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns) 
   { 
    colIndex++; 
    excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName; 
    xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置标题格式为居中对齐 
   } 

   // 
   //取得表格中的数据 
   // 
   foreach(DataRowView row in dv) 
   { 
    rowIndex ++; 
    colIndex = 1; 
    foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns) 
    { 
     colIndex ++; 
     if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime")) 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"); 
      xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置日期型的字段格式为居中对齐 
     } 
     else 
      if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String")) 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); 
      xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//设置字符型的字段格式为居中对齐 
     } 
     else 
     { 
      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); 
     } 
    } 
   } 
   // 
   //加载一个合计行 
   // 
   int rowSum = rowIndex + 1; 
   int colSum = 2; 
   excel.Cells[rowSum,2] = "合计"; 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter; 
   // 
   //设置选中的部分的颜色 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex = 19;//设置为浅黄色，共计有56种 
   // 
   //取得整个报表的标题 
   // 
   excel.Cells[2,2] = str; 
   // 
   //设置整个报表的标题格式 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true; 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22; 
   // 
   //设置报表表格为最适应宽度 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit(); 
   // 
   //设置整个报表的标题为跨列居中 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select(); 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection; 
   // 
   //绘制边框 
   // 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1; 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置左边线加粗 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置上边线加粗 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置右边线加粗 
   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//设置下边线加粗 
   // 
   //显示效果 
   // 
   excel.Visible=true; 

   //xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+""+this.xlfile.Text+".xls",SheetExportActionEnum.ssExportActionNone,Microsoft.Office.Interop.OWC.SheetExportFormat.ssExportHTML); 
   xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(".")+""+this.xlfile.Text+".xls"); 

   ds = null; 
            xBk.Close(false, null,null); 
    
            excel.Quit(); 
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBk); 
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excel); 
    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSt); 
            xBk = null; 
            excel = null; 
   xSt = null; 
            GC.Collect(); 
   string path = Server.MapPath(this.xlfile.Text+".xls"); 

   System.IO.FileInfo file = new System.IO.FileInfo(path); 
   Response.Clear(); 
   Response.Charset="GB2312"; 
   Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 
   // 添加头信息，为"文件下载/另存为"对话框指定默认文件名 
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(file.Name)); 
   // 添加头信息，指定文件大小，让浏览器能够显示下载进度 
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString()); 
    
   // 指定返回的是一个不能被客户端读取的流，必须被下载 
   Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"; 
    
   // 把文件流发送到客户端 
   Response.WriteFile(file.FullName); 
   // 停止页面的执行 
   
   Response.End(); 
}

二、winForm中导出Excel的方法：

1、方法1：

 

SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]); 
    SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn); 
    DataSet ds=new DataSet(); 
    da.Fill(ds,"table1"); 
    DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"]; 
    string name=System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next(10000).ToString()+".csv";//存放到web.config中downloadurl指定的路径，文件格式为当前日期+4位随机数 
    FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write); 
    StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")); 
    sw.WriteLine("自动编号,姓名,年龄"); 
    foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows) 
    { 
     sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]); 
    } 
    sw.Close(); 
    Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name)); 
    Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";// 指定返回的是一个不能被客户端读取的流，必须被下载 
    Response.WriteFile(name); // 把文件流发送到客户端 
    Response.End();


public void Out2Excel(string sTableName,string url)
{
Excel.Application oExcel=new Excel.Application();
Workbooks oBooks;
Workbook oBook;
Sheets oSheets;
Worksheet oSheet;
Range oCells;
string sFile="",sTemplate="";
//
System.Data.DataTable dt=TableOut(sTableName).Tables[0];

sFile=url+"myExcel.xls";
sTemplate=url+"MyTemplate.xls";
//
oExcel.Visible=false;
oExcel.DisplayAlerts=false;
//定义一个新的工作簿
oBooks=oExcel.Workbooks;
oBooks.Open(sTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
oBook=oBooks.get_Item(1);
oSheets=oBook.Worksheets;
oSheet=(Worksheet)oSheets.get_Item(1);
//命名该sheet
oSheet.Name="Sheet1";

oCells=oSheet.Cells;
//调用dumpdata过程，将数据导入到Excel中去
DumpData(dt,oCells);
//保存
oSheet.SaveAs(sFile,Excel.XlFileFormat.xlTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
oBook.Close(false, Type.Missing,Type.Missing);
//退出Excel，并且释放调用的COM资源
oExcel.Quit();

GC.Collect();
KillProcess("Excel");
}

private void KillProcess(string processName)
{
System.Diagnostics.Process myproc= new System.Diagnostics.Process();
//得到所有打开的进程
try
{
foreach (Process thisproc in Process.GetProcessesByName(processName))
{
if(!thisproc.CloseMainWindow())
{
thisproc.Kill();
}
}
}
catch(Exception Exc)
{
throw new Exception("",Exc);
}
}

 

2、方法2：

protected void ExportExcel()
   {
    gridbind(); 
    if(ds1==null) return; 

    string saveFileName="";
//    bool fileSaved=false;
    SaveFileDialog saveDialog=new SaveFileDialog();
    saveDialog.DefaultExt ="xls";
    saveDialog.Filter="Excel文件|*.xls";
    saveDialog.FileName ="Sheet1";
    saveDialog.ShowDialog();
    saveFileName=saveDialog.FileName;
    if(saveFileName.IndexOf(":")<0) return; //被点了取消
//    excelapp.Workbooks.Open   (App.path & 工程进度表.xls) 
   
    Excel.Application xlApp=new Excel.Application();
    object missing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value; 


    if(xlApp==null)
    {
     MessageBox.Show("无法创建Excel对象，可能您的机子未安装Excel");
     return;
    }
    Excel.Workbooks workbooks=xlApp.Workbooks;
    Excel.Workbook workbook=workbooks.Add(Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
    Excel.Worksheet worksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1
    Excel.Range range;
    

    string oldCaption=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
    long totalCount=ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
    long rowRead=0;
    float percent=0; 

    worksheet.Cells[1,1]=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
    //写入字段
    for(int i=0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)
    {
     worksheet.Cells[2,i+1]=ds1.Tables[0].Columns.ColumnName; 
     range=(Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[2,i+1];
     range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
     range.Font.Bold = true;

    }
    //写入数值
    Caption .Visible = true;
    for(int r=0;r<ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;r++)
    {
     for(int i=0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)
     {
      worksheet.Cells[r+3,i+1]=ds1.Tables[0].Rows[r];     
     }
     rowRead++;
     percent=((float)(100*rowRead))/totalCount;    
     this.Caption.Text= "正在导出数据["+ percent.ToString("0.00") +"%]";
     Application.DoEvents();
    }
    worksheet.SaveAs(saveFileName,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing);
   
    this.Caption.Visible= false;
    this.Caption.Text= oldCaption; 

    range=worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[2,1],worksheet.Cells[ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count+2,ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count]);
    range.BorderAround(Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin,Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,null);
   
    range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].ColorIndex = Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;
    range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].LineStyle =Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
    range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].Weight =Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin; 

    if(ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count>1)
    {
     range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].ColorIndex=Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;
     }
    workbook.Close(missing,missing,missing);
    xlApp.Quit();
   }

3.从DataGridView里导出

/// <summary>   
        /// 常用方法，列之间加\t开。   
        /// </summary>   
        /// <remarks>   
        /// using System.IO;   
        /// </remarks>   
        /// <param name="dgv"></param>   
        private void DataGridViewToExcel(DataGridView dgv)
        {
            SaveFileDialog dlg = new SaveFileDialog();
            dlg.Filter = "Execl files (*.xls)|*.xls";
            dlg.CheckFileExists = false;
            dlg.CheckPathExists = false;
            dlg.FilterIndex = 0;
            dlg.RestoreDirectory = true;
            dlg.CreatePrompt = true;
            dlg.Title = "保存为Excel文件";

            if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                Stream myStream;
                myStream = dlg.OpenFile();
                StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(myStream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(-0));
                string columnTitle = "";
                try
                {
                    //写入列标题   
                    for (int i = 0; i < dgv.ColumnCount; i++)
                    {
                        if (i > 0)
                        {
                            columnTitle += "\t";
                        }
                        columnTitle += dgv.Columns[i].HeaderText;
                    }
                    sw.WriteLine(columnTitle);

                    //写入列内容   
                    for (int j = 0; j < dgv.Rows.Count; j++)
                    {
                        string columnValue = "";
                        for (int k = 0; k < dgv.Columns.Count; k++)
                        {
                            if (k > 0)
                            {
                                columnValue += "\t";
                            }
                            if (dgv.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value == null)
                                columnValue += "";
                            else
                                columnValue += dgv.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value.ToString().Trim();
                        }
                        sw.WriteLine(columnValue);
                    }
                    sw.Close();
                    myStream.Close();
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
                }
                finally
                {
                    sw.Close();
                    myStream.Close();
                }
            }
        }

4.把Excel数据读到DataSet里

代码 


 OpenFileDialog dlg = new OpenFileDialog();
            dlg.Filter = "Execl files (*.xls)|*.xls";
            dlg.CheckFileExists = false;
            dlg.CheckPathExists = false;
            dlg.FilterIndex = 0;
            dlg.RestoreDirectory = true;
            dlg.Title = "将Excel文件数据导入到DataSet";
            dlg.ShowDialog();

            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + dlg.FileName.Trim() + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=False;IMEX=1'";
            using (OleDbConnection OleConn = new OleDbConnection(strConn))
            {
                OleConn.Open();
                String sql = "SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]";
                OleDbDataAdapter OleDaExcel = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, OleConn);
                OleDaExcel.Fill(ds);
                OleConn.Close();
            }

三 字符串导出方法

1.一个通用的导出Excel的方法

View Code 

  /// <summary>
        /// 导出Execel
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="columnTitle">列名以"\t分隔"如 列2\t列3\t列4</param>
        /// <param name="resutl">行，要与上面的列对应，列名以"\t分隔"如 列2\t列3\t列4 第行使用\n分隔 </param>
        private void ToExcel(string columnTitle, string resutl)
        {
            SaveFileDialog dlg = new SaveFileDialog();
            dlg.Filter = "Execl files (*.xls)|*.xls";
            dlg.FilterIndex = 0;
            dlg.RestoreDirectory = true;
            dlg.Title = "保存为Excel文件";

            if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                Stream myStream;
                myStream = dlg.OpenFile();
                StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(myStream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(-0));
                try
                {
                    //写入列名称
                    sw.WriteLine(columnTitle);
                    //写入行
                    sw.WriteLine(resutl);
                    
                    sw.Close();
                    myStream.Close();
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
                }
                finally
                {
                    sw.Close();
                    myStream.Close();
                }
            }

        }

四、附注：
虽然都是实现导出excel的功能，但在asp.net和winform的程序中，实现的代码是各不相同的。在asp.net中，是在服务器端读取数据，在服务器端把数据以ms-excel的格式，以Response输出到浏览器（客户端)；而在winform中，是把数据读到客户端（因为winform运行端就是客户端），然后调用客户端安装的office组件，将读到的数据写在excel