包管理工具之Pipenv

pipenv 都包含什么?

pipenv 是 Pipfile 主要倡导者、requests 作者 Kenneth Reitz 写的一个命令行工具,主要包含了Pipfile、pip、click、requests和virtualenv。Pipfile和pipenv本来都是Kenneth Reitz的个人项目,后来贡献给了pypa组织。Pipfile是社区拟定的依赖管理文件,用于替代过于简陋的 requirements.txt 文件。

Pipfile的基本理念是:

Pipfile 文件是 TOML 格式而不是 requirements.txt 这样的纯文本。
一个项目对应一个 Pipfile,支持开发环境与正式环境区分。默认提供 default 和 development 区分。
提供版本锁支持,存为 Pipfile.lock。
click是Flask作者 Armin Ronacher 写的命令行库,现在Flask已经集成了它。

接下来,我们看看怎么使用它吧

安装和使用

安装

pip install pipenv

用法

 进入当前项目文件夹目录:

pipenv --three 会使用当前系统的Python3创建环境

pipenv --python 3.6 指定某一Python版本创建环境

pipenv shell 激活虚拟环境

pipenv --where 显示目录信息
/home/jiahuan/pipenvtest

pipenv --venv 显示虚拟环境信息
/home/jiahuan/.local/share/virtualenvs/pipenvtest-9KKRH3OW

pipenv --py 显示Python解释器信息
/home/jiahuan/.local/share/virtualenvs/pipenvtest-9KKRH3OW/bin/python

pipenv install requests 安装相关模块并加入到Pipfile

pipenv install django==1.11 安装固定版本模块并加入到Pipfile

pipenv graph 查看目前安装的库及其依赖

requests==2.18.4
  - certifi [required: >=2017.4.17, installed: 2017.11.5]
  - chardet [required: <3.1.0,>=3.0.2, installed: 3.0.4]
  - idna [required: >=2.5,<2.7, installed: 2.6]
  - urllib3 [required: >=1.21.1,<1.23, installed: 1.22]

pipenv check检查安全漏洞  - Checking PEP 508 requirements…  - Passed!  - Checking installed package safety…  - All good!
pipenv uninstall --all 卸载全部包并从Pipfile中移除
pipenv run python manage.py runserver 运行Py文件
alias prp="pipenv run python"

其他命令

E:\python\机器学习和深度学习\深度学习\自然语言处理\lstm-crf\zh-NER-TF>pipenv --help
Usage: pipenv [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

Options:
  --where             Output project home information.
  --venv              Output virtualenv information.
  --py                Output Python interpreter information.
  --envs              Output Environment Variable options.
  --rm                Remove the virtualenv.
  --bare              Minimal output.
  --completion        Output completion (to be eval'd).
  --man               Display manpage.
  --support           Output diagnostic information for use in GitHub issues.
  --site-packages     Enable site-packages for the virtualenv.  [env var:
                      PIPENV_SITE_PACKAGES]
  --python TEXT       Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.
  --three / --two     Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.
  --clear             Clears caches (pipenv, pip, and pip-tools).  [env var:
                      PIPENV_CLEAR]
  -v, --verbose       Verbose mode.
  --pypi-mirror TEXT  Specify a PyPI mirror.
  --version           Show the version and exit.
  -h, --help          Show this message and exit.


Usage Examples:
   Create a new project using Python 3.7, specifically:
   $ pipenv --python 3.7

   Remove project virtualenv (inferred from current directory):
   $ pipenv --rm

   Install all dependencies for a project (including dev):
   $ pipenv install --dev

   Create a lockfile containing pre-releases:
   $ pipenv lock --pre

   Show a graph of your installed dependencies:
   $ pipenv graph

   Check your installed dependencies for security vulnerabilities:
   $ pipenv check

   Install a local setup.py into your virtual environment/Pipfile:
   $ pipenv install -e .

   Use a lower-level pip command:
   $ pipenv run pip freeze

Commands:
  check      Checks for security vulnerabilities and against PEP 508 markers
             provided in Pipfile.
  clean      Uninstalls all packages not specified in Pipfile.lock.
  graph      Displays currently-installed dependency graph information.
  install    Installs provided packages and adds them to Pipfile, or (if no
             packages are given), installs all packages from Pipfile.
  lock       Generates Pipfile.lock.
  open       View a given module in your editor.
  run        Spawns a command installed into the virtualenv.
  shell      Spawns a shell within the virtualenv.
  sync       Installs all packages specified in Pipfile.lock.
  uninstall  Un-installs a provided package and removes it from Pipfile.
  update     Runs lock, then sync.

注:pipenv install 安装模块时有时候会很慢

可以设置国内源:Pipfile文件中[source]下面url属性,比如修改成:url = "https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple"

国内镜像源的选择

阿里云:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ 
豆瓣:http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ 
清华大学:https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ 
中国科学技术大学:https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

  

posted @ 2019-02-15 22:26  DreamBoy_张亚飞  阅读(339)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报