python学习笔记17：网络操作-requests模块

一、安装第三方模块requests

安装命令为：

pip install requests

二、使用实例

import requests

# get请求
url = 'http://api.xxxxx.cn/api/user/stu_info'
req = requests.get(url,params={'stu_name':'abc'})  #params把参数传到url里面
print(req.json())  #返回的json自动转成字典
print(req.text)  #返回的是字符串
print(req.status_code)  #返回的http状态码
print(req.content)  #返回的bytes类型的，适用于下载图片等二进制文件

# post请求
url = 'http://api.xxxx.cn/api/user/login'
req = requests.post(url,data={"username":"xxx","passwd":"123456"})  #date传的是body
print(req.json())

# 发送header、cookie
url = 'https://qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/qun_mgr/get_group_list'
data = {"bkn":270223670}
# 方法一：

# s = 'RK=sIpJMSvZGd; ptcz=214c8af7f7269ddf8ef7b2f7d804441c6406bfbec8836dfce65cd30ec8558005; gr_user_id=e6b1f2b5-b344-47fe-9e0b-daedec912e15; pgv_pvi=2555754496; pgv_pvid=838986100; _qpsvr_localtk=0.8044086104004915; pgv_si=s9546202112; uin=o0875197774; skey=@kErZ5Q6dW; p_uin=o0875197774; pt4_token=UDFofMy9VA4hcOKtp5Fr4XB6yqI2QtyhPER966tbTRU_; p_skey=vl6LOtgwYPbzjIizqT*zCqSCpapANyuUC4EGBdQxMDY_; traceid=8aa9f34c3b'
# cookies = {}
# for c in s.split(';'):
#     k,v = c.strip().split('=')
#     cookies[k] = v
# print(cookies)

d = {'RK': 'sIpJMSvZGd', 'ptcz': '214c8af7f7269ddf8ef7b2f7d804441c6406bfbec8836dfce65cd30ec8558005', 'gr_user_id': 'e6b1f2b5-b344-47fe-9e0b-daedec912e15', 'pgv_pvi': '2555754496', 'pgv_pvid': '838986100', '_qpsvr_localtk': '0.8044086104004915', 'pgv_si': 's9546202112', 'uin': 'o0875197774', 'skey': '@kErZ5Q6dW', 'p_uin': 'o0875197774', 'pt4_token': 'UDFofMy9VA4hcOKtp5Fr4XB6yqI2QtyhPER966tbTRU_', 'p_skey': 'vl6LOtgwYPbzjIizqT*zCqSCpapANyuUC4EGBdQxMDY_', 'traceid': '8aa9f34c3b'}
req = requests.post(url,data,cookies = d)
# 方法二：
header = {'cookie':"RK=sIpJMSvZGd; ptcz=214c8af7f7269ddf8ef7b2f7d804441c6406bfbec8836dfce65cd30ec8558005; gr_user_id=e6b1f2b5-b344-47fe-9e0b-daedec912e15; pgv_pvi=2555754496; pgv_pvid=838986100; _qpsvr_localtk=0.2859211341770833; pgv_si=s6945303552; uin=o0875197774; skey=@Hn6Y7eKSR; p_uin=o0875197774; pt4_token=ZRb11e7z-BKj*3QpnZcKpsVsjoOhnzkkKnrfgPh-in4_; p_skey=o1tlsbkxMVfGzOONS7otBfEMUksEfNxz*QMIY3hmiiI_; traceid=d057adbd78"}
req = requests.post(url,data,headers =header )
print(req.json())

# 传json
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=2c9408df8cf3f429c02a2"
d = {"msgtype":"text","text":{"content":"123456 besttest"}}
req = requests.post(url,json=d)
print(req.json())  #获取返回数据
print(req.cookies)  #获取cookies

# 下载文件
url = 'https://q4.qlogo.cn/g?b=qq&nk=875191111&s=140'
req = requests.get(url)
f = open('zx.jpg','wb')
f.write(req.content)
f.close()

#上传文件
url = "http://api.xxxx.cn/api/file/file_upload"
f = open('sxy.mp4','rb')
data = {'file':f}
r = requests.post(url,files=data)
print(r.json())
f.close()