Linux 永久挂载镜像文件和制作yum源
Linux mount命令是经常会使用到的命令，它用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。
1.镜像挂载到系统指定目录下：
[root@master cdrom]# mount -t auto /mnt/cdrom
[root@master cdrom]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
[root@master cdrom]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom/
三种方式均可以挂载到 /mnt/cdrom/
2.永久挂载到指定目录
修改 ： /etc/fstab
[root@master cdrom]# more /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Aug 12 11:37:00 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=24af8522-d86c-40d4-8383-6b090474431f /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/tmp/swapfree swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /storehouse ext2 defaults 0 0
/dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom/ iso9660 defaults 0 0 #添加这一条记录
3.查看系统文件格式
[root@master cdrom]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs 27G 19G 8.2G 70% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 977M 0 977M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 993M 9.2M 984M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0 iso9660 3.8G 3.8G 0 100% /mnt/cdrom
/dev/sdb1 ext2 7.8G 19M 7.4G 1% /storehouse
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 161M 854M 16% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 199M 8.0K 199M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/1002
tmpfs tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0
制作yum源
查看挂载：
[root@master yum.repos.d]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 18G 2.5G 15G 15% /
tmpfs 931M 68K 931M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 291M 39M 238M 14% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /media/rhel --挂载的光盘
安装一些包,到挂载的目录下，进Packages
cd /media/rhel/Packages
安装以下三个包：
[root@master Packages]# rpm -ivh python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
deltarpm = 3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 is needed by python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64
[root@master Packages]# rpm -ivh deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:deltarpm ########################################### [100%]
[root@master Packages]# rpm -ivh python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:python-deltarpm ########################################### [100%]
[root@master Packages]# rpm -ivh createrepo-0.9.9-18.el6.noarch.rpm
warning: createrepo-0.9.9-18.el6.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:createrepo ########################################### [100%]
然后：
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
touch rhel-media.repo
vi rhel-media.repo
[rhel-media]
name=Redhat6.5
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///media/rhel/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
直接验证：
[root@master yum.repos.d]# yum install php
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
rhel-media | 3.9 kB 00:00 ...
rhel-media/primary_db | 3.1 MB 00:00 ...
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php.x86_64 0:5.3.3-26.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 5.3.3-26.el6 for package: php-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: php-cli(x86-64) = 5.3.3-26.el6 for package: php-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php-cli.x86_64 0:5.3.3-26.el6 will be installed
---> Package php-common.x86_64 0:5.3.3-26.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================
Installing:
php x86_64 5.3.3-26.el6 rhel-media 1.1 M
Installing for dependencies:
php-cli x86_64 5.3.3-26.el6 rhel-media 2.2 M
php-common x86_64 5.3.3-26.el6 rhel-media 525 k
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Total download size: 3.8 M
Installed size: 13 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 165 MB/s | 3.8 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : php-common-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64 1/3
Installing : php-cli-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64 2/3
Installing : php-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64 3/3
rhel-media/productid | 1.7 kB 00:00 ...
Verifying : php-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64 1/3
Verifying : php-cli-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64 2/3
Verifying : php-common-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
php.x86_64 0:5.3.3-26.el6
Dependency Installed:
php-cli.x86_64 0:5.3.3-26.el6 php-common.x86_64 0:5.3.3-26.el6
Complete!
成功！
如果你未能成功，请留言探讨。
