git -处理分支合并
1.分支间的合并
1）直接合并：把两个分支上的历史轨迹合二为一（就是所以修改都全部合并）
zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ vim merge.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git st g# On branch thrid # Untracked files: # (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) # # merge.txt nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git add . zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git commit -m "merge" [thrid 6436f0b] merge 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) create mode 100644 merge.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git log -1 commit 6436f0b6bbe0da18ce65e90dd7ea90cf4008bbe3 Author: zhangshuli <zhangshuli@vanzotec.cn> Date: Sat Feb 28 12:37:47 2015 +0000 merge zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git checkout parent Switched to branch 'parent' zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git merge thrid Merge made by recursive. merge.txt | 1 + mysite-1.0.tar.gz | Bin 0 -> 501 bytes mysite-1.0.zip | Bin 0 -> 501 bytes 3 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) create mode 100644 merge.txt create mode 100644 mysite-1.0.tar.gz create mode 100644 mysite-1.0.zip zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git br -av * parent 44d288e Merge branch 'thrid' into parent son 3a1cbb4 ccc add thrid 6436f0b merge zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ ls aaa.txt bbb.txt ccc.txt ddd.txt merge.txt mysite-1.0.tar.gz mysite-1.0.zip zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git log -1 commit 44d288e4316e47ac9b6e3ee6a4152aceff5d17ce Merge: e2e09c4 6436f0b Author: zhangshuli <zhangshuli@vanzotec.cn> Date: Sat Feb 28 12:38:07 2015 +0000 Merge branch 'thrid' into parent zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$
2）压合合并：一分支若干提交合并为一个，然后合并到另外的分支上(squash)
zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git branch parent son * third zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ ls aaa.txt bbb.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ vim ccc.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ vim ddd.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git st # On branch third # Untracked files: # (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) # # ccc.txt # ddd.txt nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git add ccc.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git commit -m "commit ccc.txt" [third 6a74382] commit ccc.txt 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) create mode 100644 ccc.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git log -1 commit 6a74382c9c481515cd70136ce3212ace7aa1c50e Author: zhangshuli <zhangshuli@vanzotec.cn> Date: Sat Feb 28 14:08:24 2015 +0000 commit ccc.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git st # On branch third # Untracked files: # (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) # # ddd.txt nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git add . zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git commit -m "commit ddd" [third 618011f] commit ddd 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) create mode 100644 ddd.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git log -1 commit 618011fc23e6fe8108e830e2812a298ad217d0cb Author: zhangshuli <zhangshuli@vanzotec.cn> Date: Sat Feb 28 14:08:45 2015 +0000 commit ddd zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git checkout parent Switched to branch 'parent' zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git merge --squash third Updating 2a30fca..618011f Fast-forward Squash commit -- not updating HEAD ccc.txt | 1 + ddd.txt | 1 + 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) create mode 100644 ccc.txt create mode 100644 ddd.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git st # On branch parent # Changes to be committed: # (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage) # # new file: ccc.txt # new file: ddd.txt # zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git commit -m "yahe" [parent 02906a1] yahe 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) create mode 100644 ccc.txt create mode 100644 ddd.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git log -1 commit 02906a15dc15be5fefd5e41dcd3977bb2f762cff Author: zhangshuli <zhangshuli@vanzotec.cn> Date: Sat Feb 28 14:10:45 2015 +0000 yahe zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$
从上面我们可以看出来，所谓的压合分支，其实也是把另一个分支的状态全部移到另一个分支上，只是它并不是merge，而是把提交转化为变更存储到目标分支缓存，让你统一处理
3）捡选合并（cherry-picking）:把某个提交进行合并
zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git log -1 commit 068698c5c848ded943f3454691f420136a2930ee Author: zhangshuli <zhangshuli@vanzotec.cn> Date: Sat Feb 28 14:20:25 2015 +0000 cherry-pick zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git checkout parent Switched to branch 'parent' zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git cherry-pick 068698c5c848ded943f3454691f420136a2930ee Finished one cherry-pick. [parent 1c33f51] cherry-pick 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ ls aaa.txt bbb.txt ccc.txt ddd.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git log -1 commit 1c33f513af17f21dd157522b98a2027047d599c3 Author: zhangshuli <zhangshuli@vanzotec.cn> Date: Sat Feb 28 14:20:25 2015 +0000 cherry-pick zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ ls aaa.txt bbb.txt ccc.txt ddd.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ vim aaa.txt zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$
它使用的命令是cherry-pick 而且参数已经不是branch 而是节点号了
如果你想cherry-pick某个提交，但是又不立刻把这个提交在本分支上提交，你可以使用参数-n 它的作用就和压合合并效果类似
zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git cherry-pick -n 068698c5c848ded943f3454691f420136a2930ee Finished one cherry-pick. zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git st # On branch parent # Changes to be committed: # (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage) # # modified: aaa.txt # zhangshuli@zhangshuli-MS-7817:~/myGit$ git commit
2.合并分支冲突的处理
这时候只要执行命令git mergetool就行了，它会自动打开一个merge工具
