CentOS 5.5下安装mysql5.1.57+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器 [转载]
CentOS 5.5下安装mysql5.1.57+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器 [转载]
由于生产环境都是freebsd平台，之前也写了一篇FreeBSD下安装 mysql5.1.56+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器，有童鞋想要帮忙写一篇关于centos下的安 装教程，其实网上也有很多，但是好多都不是太完整，或多或少的出现些问题，所以就写了一篇 centos 5.5下安装mysql5.1.57+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器
在高并发连接的情况下，nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。根据我的测试结 果，nginx 1.0.1 + PHP 5.2.17 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数，相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍。
第一步：安装系统环境需要的软件
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5-libs krb5-devel krb5-server libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
第二步：编译安装PHP所需要的库
mkdir -p /data/soft mkdir -p /data/src cd /data/src wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.13.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make && make install cd .. wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ ./configure make && make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make && make install cd ../../ wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2/download tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2 cd mhash-0.9.9.9 ./configure make && make install echo "/usr/local/lib" >>/etc/ld.so.conf /sbin/ldconfig cd .. wget http://vps.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8 /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make && make install
第三步：编译安装mysql
cd /data/src wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.57.tar.gz/from/http://mirror.services.wisc.edu/mysql/ tar zxvf mysql-5.1.57.tar.gz cd mysql-5.1.57 /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql ./configure --prefix=/data/soft/mysql --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile make && make install chown -R mysql:mysql /data/soft/mysql chmod u+w /data/soft/mysql mkdir -p /data/database chown -R mysql:mysql /data/database
以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：
/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/data/soft/mysql --datadir=/data/database --user=mysql
创建mysql配置文件
rm -rf /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf vi /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf 如下： [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysql] no-auto-rehash [mysqld] user = mysql port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock basedir = /data/soft/mysql datadir = /data/database open_files_limit = 600 back_log = 20 max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 200 table_cache = 60 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet = 16M sort_buffer_size = 128K join_buffer_size = 128K thread_cache_size = 10 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 2M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k default_table_type = MyISAM thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = READ-UNCOMMITTED tmp_table_size = 512K max_heap_table_size = 32M /data/soft/mysql/logs/slow.log /data/soft/mysql/logs/error.log long_query_time = 1 log_long_format server-id = 1 #log-bin = /data/soft/mysql/binlog binlog_cache_size = 2M max_binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_size = 512M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 4M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 2M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 4M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M 修改mysqld脚本 cp /data/soft/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld vi /etc/init.d/mysqld 修改 basedir=/data/soft/mysql datadir=/data/database ln -s /data/soft/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf 启动mysql service mysqld start lsof -i:3306 netstat -ntupl |grep 3306 测试登录mysql /data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p mysql> createdatabase hello; chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on chkconfig --list |grep mysqld service mysqld restart 第四步：编译安装PHP（FastCGI）
1、安装php-5.2.17
cd /data/src wget http://cn.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.gz/from/this/mirror wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz tar zxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1 cd php-5.2.17 sed -i "s/\!png_check_sig (sig, 8)/png_sig_cmp (sig, 0, 8)/" ext/gd/libgd/gd_png.c cp ../fopen_wrappers.c main/ 此处参考FreeBSD下php修改源代码解决nginx虚拟主机防webshell跨目录 ./configure --prefix=/data/soft/php --with-config-file-path=/data/soft/php/etc --with-mysql=/data/soft/mysql --with-mysqli=/data/soft/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make install cp php.ini-dist /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini cd ..
2、编译安装PHP5扩展模块
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz tar zxvf memcache-2.2.6.tgz cd memcache-2.2.6/ /data/soft/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd .. wget http://lcmp.googlecode.com/files/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/ /data/soft/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --without-eaccelerator-use-inode make && make install cd .. wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2 /data/soft/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/data/soft/mysql make && make install cd .. wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/73608965/ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.0-8.tar.gz cd ImageMagick-6.7.0-8 ./configure make && make install cd .. wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz cd imagick-3.0.1 /data/soft/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/data/soft/php/bin/php-config make && make install cd ..
3、修改php.ini文件
sed -i "s/output_buffering = Off/output_buffering = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/extension_dir =/; extension_dir =/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i 's%;open_basedir =%open_basedir ="/tmp/:/data/www/"%' /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/disable_functions =/disable_functions = popen,pentl_exec,passthru,exec,system,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,show_source,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,curl_exec,curl_multi_exec,parse_ini_file,assert/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/expose_php = On/expose_php = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/display_errors = On/display_errors = Off/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s/log_errors = Off/log_errors = On/" /data/soft/php/etc/php.ini
在php.ini最后添加如下：
extension_dir = "/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/" extension = "memcache.so" extension = "pdo_mysql.so" extension = "imagick.so" [eaccelerator] zend_extension="/data/soft/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so" eaccelerator.shm_size="1" eaccelerator.cache_dir="/data/soft/eaccelerator_cache" eaccelerator.enable="1" eaccelerator.optimizer="1" eaccelerator.check_mtime="1" eaccelerator.debug="0" eaccelerator.filter="" eaccelerator.shm_max="0" eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600" eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600" eaccelerator.shm_only="0" eaccelerator.compress="1" eaccelerator.compress_level="9" eaccelerator.keys = "disk_only" eaccelerator.sessions = "disk_only" eaccelerator.content = "disk_only"
4、创建eAccelerator缓存目录
mkdir -p /data/soft/eaccelerator_cache
5、创建php-fpm.conf文件
rm /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf vi /data/soft/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 如下： All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix Pid file /data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.pid Error log file /data/soft/php/logs/php-fpm.log Log level notice When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ... 10 ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated. Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory. 1m Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master 5s Set to 'no' to debug fpm yes Name of pool. Used in logs and stats. default Address to accept fastcgi requests on. Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket' 127.0.0.1:9000 Set listen(2) backlog -1 Set permissions for unix socket, if one used. In linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server. Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. 0666 Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i 1 Unix user of processes www Unix group of processes www Process manager settings Sets style of controling worker process count. Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like' static Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served. Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi Used with any pm_style. 8 Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style Sets the number of server processes created on startup. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected 20 Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected 5 Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected 35 The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason '0s' means 'off' 0s The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file '0s' means 'off' 0s The log file for slow requests logs/slow.log Set open file desc rlimit 65535 Set max core size rlimit 0 Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs yes How much requests each process should execute before respawn. Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For endless request processing please specify 0 Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS 1024 Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect. Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+) Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket. 127.0.0.1 Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin /tmp /tmp /tmp $OSTYPE $MACHTYPE 2
6、创建www用户及启动php-fpm并加入启动脚本
/usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www mkdir -p /data/www chown -R www:www /data/www chmod +w /data/www ulimit -SHn 65535 /data/soft/php/sbin/php-fpm start echo "ulimit -SHn 65535" >> /etc/rc.local echo "/data/soft/php/sbin/php-fpm start" >> /etc/rc.local
第五步、编译安装Nginx-1.0.1
1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.12.tar.gz tar zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz cd pcre-8.12 ./configure make && make install cd ..
2、安装nginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.1.tar.gz tar zxvf nginx-1.0.1.tar.gz cd nginx-1.0.1 ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/data/soft/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module make && make install cd ..
3、创建nginx配置文件
rm -f /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
如下：
user www www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /data/soft/nginx/logs/error.log crit;
pid /data/soft/nginx/conf/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 10240;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
include server/*.txt;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name default;
index index.php;
root /data/www/test;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
}
}
4、启动nginx并进行测试
/data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx -t /data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx mkdir -p /data/www/test echo "" > /data/www/test/index.php echo "/data/soft/nginx/sbin/nginx" >> /etc/rc.local
转自：http://wangxun.me/index.php/archives/309
