Python 计算AWS4签名，Header鉴权与URL鉴权
AWS4 版本签名计算参考
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # @Time: 2021/7/24 8:12 # @Author:zhangmingda # @File: api_for_aws4_signature.py # @Software: PyCharm # Description: from urllib.request import quote import hashlib import hmac import datetime import requests import json import base64 class KscClient(object): def __init__(self, ak, sk,service, domain, region, use_ssl=False): self.ak = ak self.sk = sk self.host = service + "." + domain self.region = region self.service = service self.protocol = 'https' if use_ssl else 'http' self.base_url = self.protocol + '://' + self.host + '/' # 创建规范化请求查询字符串方法 def generate_canonical_querystring(self, **params): ''' :param params: 查询字符串字典 :return: url编码后的查询字符串key1=value1&key2=value2 ... ''' sorted_params = '' sorted_param_keys = sorted(params.keys()) for param in sorted_param_keys: # print(param) sorted_params += quote(param) + '=' + quote(params.get(param), safe='') + '&' # 查询字符串中的值任何字符串都进行URL编码 # print(sorted_params) return sorted_params[:-1] # 生成标准化请求头,请求头大写转小写，排序返回字符串 def generate_canonical_headers(self, **headers): ''' :param headers: 所有用来签名的请求头 :return: 返回小写请求头排序后的key:value 字符串，每个key:value 之间\n换行 ''' sorted_headers = '' # 准备标准请求头key+value字符串 sorted_signed_headers = '' # 准备签名的请求头key组合字符串 header_keys = headers.keys() # 获取请求头所有key lower_headers = {} # 准备存放小写请求头和值的字典 for header in header_keys: # 把大写请求头字典都转换为小写请求头字典 lower_headers[header.lower()] = headers.get(header) sorted_lower_header_keys = sorted(lower_headers.keys()) # 把签名的请求头排序 '''排序后的请求头和值进行组合字符串''' for lower_header in sorted_lower_header_keys: sorted_headers += lower_header + ':' + str(lower_headers[lower_header]).strip() + '\n' sorted_signed_headers += lower_header + ";" # print("============请求头排序==============") # print(sorted_headers) # print('------被签名的请求头----') # print(sorted_signed_headers) # print("==========请求头排序end============") sorted_lower_headers = { 'sorted_headers': sorted_headers, # 签名的请求头key 和 value 'signed_headers': sorted_signed_headers[:-1] # 被签名的请求头字符串组合，最后一个分号; 不要 } return sorted_lower_headers # 十六进制请求体Sha256Hash值--->请求体用 def bytes_data_sha256_hex(self, bytes_data=''.encode()): ''' :param binary_data: 字节码文件 :return: 返回请求体内容的sha256 哈希值 ''' sha256 = hashlib.sha256() sha256.update(bytes_data) return sha256.hexdigest().lower() # 构建被签名字符串，把标准请求canonical_request 哈希取16进制用 def str_sha256_hex(self, string=''): ''' :param string: :return: 字符串的sha256哈希值 ''' sha256 = hashlib.sha256() sha256.update(string.encode()) return sha256.hexdigest() # UTC时间字符串工具 def get_utc_datetime(self): now_utc = datetime.datetime.utcnow() datetime_utc = now_utc.strftime('%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ') date_utc = now_utc.strftime('%Y%m%d') return datetime_utc, date_utc # 生成规范化请求的字符串方法 def generate_canonical_request(self, method, encode_uri, canonical_querystring, canonical_headers, signed_headers,payload_sha256_hex): ''' 1.1 规范化请求CanonicalRequest计算方法''' return method + '\n' \ + encode_uri + '\n' \ + canonical_querystring + '\n' \ + canonical_headers + '\n' \ + signed_headers + '\n' \ + payload_sha256_hex # 请求体不参与签名 时 ： + 'UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD' # 生成被签名字符串的方法 def generate_string_tosign(self, algorithm, datetime_utc, credentialscope, canonical_reques_sha256_hex ): ''' 1.2 被签名字符串计算方法''' return algorithm + '\n' \ + datetime_utc + '\n' \ + credentialscope + '\n' \ + canonical_reques_sha256_hex # 第二步构建签名key的工具方法 def encode_string_to_hmac_256_digest(self, encode_salt, msg, digestmod=hashlib.sha256): ''' :param encode_salt: 盐 :param msg: 字符串信息 :param digestmod: 摘要算法 :return: HMAC-SHA256 加盐哈希后的字节 ''' digest_maker = hmac.new(encode_salt, msg.encode(), digestmod=digestmod) return digest_maker.digest() # 创建签名KEY的方法 def generate_signing_key(self, signature_version,sk, date_utc, region, service, termchar='aws4_request'): k_secret = signature_version + sk k_date = self.encode_string_to_hmac_256_digest(k_secret.encode(), date_utc) k_region = self.encode_string_to_hmac_256_digest(k_date, region) k_service = self.encode_string_to_hmac_256_digest(k_region, service) k_signing = self.encode_string_to_hmac_256_digest(k_service, termchar) return k_signing # 创建签名的方法 def generate_signature(self, signing_key, string_tosign): digest_maker = hmac.new(signing_key, string_tosign.encode(), digestmod=hashlib.sha256) hex_signature = digest_maker.hexdigest() # print('hex_signature:', digest_maker.hexdigest()) return hex_signature # 构建带签名的请求头，或签名url查询字符串 def get_auth_data(self, method, query_params, append_headers={}, binary_payload=''.encode()): # ========================================1. 创建被签名字符串====================================== # 1.1 构建标准化请求 method = method # 1.1.1 HTTP方法 canonical_uri = '/' # 1.1.2 资源URI encode_uri = quote(canonical_uri, safe="/") # 1.1.2 将URI编码成%字符串格式 不包含? 后的url查询参数 payload_sha256_hex = self.bytes_data_sha256_hex(binary_payload) # 1.1.5 请求体sha256 十六进制HASH值 datetime_utc, date_utc = self.get_utc_datetime() # 准备请求头 signature_headers = { 'Host': self.host, 'X-amz-date': datetime_utc } signature_headers.update(append_headers) # 请求头排序格式化 sorted_lower_headers = self.generate_canonical_headers(**signature_headers) canonical_headers = sorted_lower_headers.get('sorted_headers') # 1.1.4 小写排序后的请求头key:value signed_headers = sorted_lower_headers.get('signed_headers') # 1.1.5 小写排序后的签名头 # 1.2 创建信任状 credentialscope = date_utc + "/" + self.region + "/" + self.service + "/aws4_request" # 查询参数字典 auth_params = {} # 签名放在URL中时计算签名传递参数 if query_params: auth_params = { 'X-Amz-Algorithm': "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256", 'X-Amz-Credential': self.ak + '/' + credentialscope, 'X-Amz-Date': datetime_utc, 'X-Amz-SignedHeaders': signed_headers, } auth_params.update(query_params) # print('auth_params: ', auth_params) auth_in_header_canonical_querystring = self.generate_canonical_querystring(**query_params) # 1.1.3 通过header传递签名的查询字符串 auth_in_queryparam_canonical_querystring = self.generate_canonical_querystring(**auth_params) # 1.1.3 通过URL传递签名的查询字符串 canonical_request_auth_in_header = self.generate_canonical_request(method, encode_uri, auth_in_header_canonical_querystring, canonical_headers, signed_headers, payload_sha256_hex) canonical_request_auth_in_url = self.generate_canonical_request(method, encode_uri, auth_in_queryparam_canonical_querystring, canonical_headers, signed_headers, payload_sha256_hex) print("Header传递签名的规范化请求".center(50, "=")) print(canonical_request_auth_in_header) print("canonical_request_auth_in_url".center(50, "*")) print(canonical_request_auth_in_header) print("规范化化请求done".center(50, "=")) # 1.2 创建被签名字的符串StringToSign canonical_request_auth_in_header_sha256_hex = self.str_sha256_hex(canonical_request_auth_in_header) # 规范化请求的256哈希值 canonical_request_auth_in_url_sha256_hex = self.str_sha256_hex(canonical_request_auth_in_url) # 规范化请求的256哈希值 algorithm = 'AWS4-HMAC-SHA256' string_tosign_auth_in_header = self.generate_string_tosign(algorithm, datetime_utc, credentialscope, canonical_request_auth_in_header_sha256_hex) string_tosign_auth_in_url = self.generate_string_tosign(algorithm, datetime_utc, credentialscope, canonical_request_auth_in_url_sha256_hex) print('Header传递签名被签名的字符串'.center(50, '=')) print(string_tosign_auth_in_header) print('URL传递签名被签名的字符串'.center(50, '*')) print(string_tosign_auth_in_url) print('被签名的字符串Done!'.center(50,'=')) # ========================================2. 创建签名 ====================================== # 2.1创建签名签名秘钥 signature_version = 'AWS4' signing_key = self.generate_signing_key(signature_version, self.sk, date_utc, self.region, self.service) print("签名秘钥：",signing_key) # 2.2 创建签名 signature_for_header = self.generate_signature(signing_key, string_tosign_auth_in_header) signature_for_url = self.generate_signature(signing_key, string_tosign_auth_in_url) print('Header鉴权的签名：', signature_for_header) print('url鉴权的签名：', signature_for_url) # ========================================3 请求头或URL 传递签名鉴权和参数 ====================================== authorization_headers = { 'Authorization': "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential=" + self.ak + '/' + credentialscope + ", " + "SignedHeaders=" + signed_headers + ', ' + 'Signature=' + signature_for_header, } # 3.1请求头携带签名，返回带签名的请求头 authorization_headers.update(signature_headers) # 3.2 url携带签名返回带签名的URL查询字符串 request_query_params = { 'X-Amz-Signature': signature_for_url } request_query_params.update(auth_params) authorization_params = self.generate_canonical_querystring(**request_query_params) # print('request_query_params: ', request_query_params) # print('authorization_params:',authorization_params) auth_data = { 'authorization_headers': authorization_headers, 'authorization_params': request_query_params, 'signature_headers': signature_headers, # get object 在URL里面传递签名 请求头要带的签名头 } return auth_data # 通过标准请求头方式传递签名GET文件 def get_test_auth_in_header(self, query_params={}, append_headers={}): method = 'GET' # 1.1.1 HTTP方法 auth_data = self.get_auth_data(method, query_params, append_headers) authorization_headers = auth_data.get('authorization_headers') req = requests.get(url=self.base_url, headers=authorization_headers, params=query_params) print('Header鉴权的URL:', req.url) print(req.status_code) print(req.text) def get_test_auth_in_query_param(self,query_params={}, append_headers={}): method = 'GET' # 1.1.1 HTTP方法 auth_data = self.get_auth_data(method, query_params, append_headers) auth_query_params = auth_data.get('authorization_params') signature_headers = auth_data.get('signature_headers') canonical_querystring = self.generate_canonical_querystring(**auth_query_params) # 通过URL传递鉴权=requests 传参方式1 url_for_auth = self.base_url + "?" + canonical_querystring req2 = requests.get(url=url_for_auth, headers=signature_headers) print("手工拼接鉴权的URL:", url_for_auth) print(req2.status_code) print(req2.text) # 通过URL传递鉴权=requests 传参方式2 req3 = requests.get(self.base_url, headers=signature_headers, params=auth_query_params) # req3 = requests.get(url=self.base_url, headers=signature_headers, params=canonical_querystring) print("requests自动拼接鉴权的URL:", req3.url) print(req3.status_code) print(req3.text) if __name__ == '__main__': ak = 'XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX' sk = 'XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX' service = 'kcm' domain = 'api.ksyun.com' region = 'cn-beijing-6' ksc = KscClient(ak, sk, service, domain, region) query_params = { 'Action': 'GetDownloadLink', 'Version': '2016-03-04', 'CertificateId': 'kcm2021022216204501' } ksc.get_test_auth_in_header(query_params=query_params) # ksc.get_test_auth_in_query_param(query_params=query_params)
Header 传递鉴权测试
URL传递鉴权测试
posted on 2021-07-24 10:34 zhangmingda 阅读(666) 评论(1) 编辑 收藏 举报
