Statement实例

在创建Statement对象后，可以使用它来执行一个SQL语句，它有三个执行方法可以执行。它们分别是 -

• boolean execute (String SQL) ： 如果可以检索到ResultSet对象，则返回一个布尔值true; 否则返回false。使用此方法执行SQLDDL语句或需要使用真正的动态SQL，可使用于执行创建数据库，创建表的SQL语句等等。
• int executeUpdate (String SQL): 返回受SQL语句执行影响的行数。使用此方法执行预期会影响多行的SQL语句，例如:INSERT，UPDATE或DELETE语句。
• ResultSet executeQuery(String SQL)：返回一个ResultSet对象。 当您希望获得结果集时，请使用此方法，就像使用SELECT语句一样。

此示例代码是基于前面章节中完成的环境和数据库设置编写的。

复制以下代码保存到JDBCStatement.java文件中，编译并运行如下 -

//STEP 1. Import required packages
// package com.yiibai

import java.sql.*;

public class JDBCStatment {
   // JDBC driver name and database URL
   static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";  
   static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/EMP";

   //  Database credentials
   static final String USER = "root";
   static final String PASS = "123456";

   public static void main(String[] args) {
   Connection conn = null;
   Statement stmt = null;
   try{
      //STEP 2: Register JDBC driver
      Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

      //STEP 3: Open a connection
      System.out.println("Connecting to database...");
      conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL,USER,PASS);

      //STEP 4: Execute a query
      System.out.println("Creating statement...");
      stmt = conn.createStatement();
      String sql = "UPDATE Employees set age=30 WHERE id=103";

      // Let us check if it returns a true Result Set or not.
      Boolean ret = stmt.execute(sql);
      System.out.println("Return value is : " + ret.toString() );

      // Let us update age of the record with ID = 103;
      int rows = stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      System.out.println("Rows impacted : " + rows );

      // Let us select all the records and display them.
      sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Employees";
      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);

      //STEP 5: Extract data from result set
      while(rs.next()){
         //Retrieve by column name
         int id  = rs.getInt("id");
         int age = rs.getInt("age");
         String first = rs.getString("first");
         String last = rs.getString("last");

         //Display values
         System.out.print("ID: " + id);
         System.out.print(", Age: " + age);
         System.out.print(", First: " + first);
         System.out.println(", Last: " + last);
      }
      //STEP 6: Clean-up environment
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      conn.close();
   }catch(SQLException se){
      //Handle errors for JDBC
      se.printStackTrace();
   }catch(Exception e){
      //Handle errors for Class.forName
      e.printStackTrace();
   }finally{
      //finally block used to close resources
      try{
         if(stmt!=null)
            stmt.close();
      }catch(SQLException se2){
      }// nothing we can do
      try{
         if(conn!=null)
            conn.close();
      }catch(SQLException se){
         se.printStackTrace();
      }//end finally try
   }//end try
   System.out.println("There are something wrong!");
}//end main
}//end JDBCStatment