Linux curl 表单登录或提交与cookie使用

 

本文主要讲解通过curl 实现表单提交登录。单独的表单提交与表单登录都差不多,因此就不单独说了。

说明:针对curl表单提交实现登录,不是所有网站都适用,原因是有些网站后台做了限制或有其他校验。我们不知道这些网站后台的限制或校验机制具体是什么,因此直接curl表单登录可能是不行的。

当然,如下案例是可以用curl登录的。

 

案例:LeanCloud登录

要求和结果

要求:通过curl登录后,能正常访问leancloud的应用页面。

登录页面链接如下:

1 https://leancloud.cn/dashboard/login.html#/signin

 

能正常访问如下页面:

1 https://leancloud.cn/dashboard/applist.html#/apps

 

浏览器访问效果:

 

无登录直接访问结果

浏览器访问结果

 

上图红框 403 中的访问连接如下:

1 https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps

 

通过curl 验证是否登录

 1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z ~]# curl -i https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps
 2 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
 3 Server: openresty
 4 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:35:28 GMT
 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8
 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked
 7 Connection: keep-alive
 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding
 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store
10 Pragma: no-cache
11 
12 {"code":1,"error":"User doesn't sign in."}

 

获取表单字段信息

 

获取表单提交链接

通过下图可得到表单提交的链接信息。具体如下:

1 https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin

 

curl 表单登录并保存cookie信息

1 curl -v -c leancloud1.info -X POST -F 'email=yourname' -F 'password=yourpassword' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin
2 # 或则
3 curl -v -c leancloud3.info -X POST -d 'email=yourname&password=yourpassword' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin

 

查看cookie信息

 1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# ll
 2 total 32
 3 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  337 Jul 14 19:45 leancloud1.info
 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  335 Jul 14 19:46 leancloud3.info
 5 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# cat leancloud1.info 
 6 # Netscape HTTP Cookie File
 7 # http://curl.haxx.se/docs/http-cookies.html
 8 # This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk.
 9 
10 #HttpOnly_leancloud.cn    FALSE    /    TRUE    1563709522    uluru_user    Ff1IPOiMX%2F6ipevuxy0OOg%3D%3D
11 leancloud.cn    FALSE    /    TRUE    1563709522    XSRF-TOKEN    5647dc84bd6eaea37eca2d07ae0e401cca4ba76803989c8559XXXXX7283da
12 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# cat leancloud3.info 
13 # Netscape HTTP Cookie File
14 # http://curl.haxx.se/docs/http-cookies.html
15 # This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk.
16 
17 #HttpOnly_leancloud.cn    FALSE    /    TRUE    1563709591    uluru_user    arTwQm6JylzLjBaQt7TpiQ%3D%3D
18 leancloud.cn    FALSE    /    TRUE    1563709591    XSRF-TOKEN    751e12827c7c046408541bc1bf962b5912ac35b0d07f88120XXXXXX40704704

每列字段说明:
domain:创建并可以读取变量的域名。
flag:一个 TRUE/FALSE 值,表明给定域中的所有机器是否都可以访问该变量。此值由浏览器自动设置,具体取决于你为域设置的值。
path:变量在域中有效的路径。
secure:一个 TRUE/FALSE 值,表明是否需要与域的安全连接来访问变量。
expiration:该变量将过期的UNIX时间。UNIX时间定义为自1970年1月1日00:00:00 GMT开始的秒数。
name:变量名称
value:变量值

 

校验是否登录成功

直接访问和带有cookie访问,这两种访问方式,请对比查看

直接访问

 1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps
 2 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
 3 Server: openresty
 4 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:52:47 GMT
 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8
 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked
 7 Connection: keep-alive
 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding
 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store
10 Pragma: no-cache
11 
12 {"code":1,"error":"User doesn't sign in."}

 

带有cookie文件的访问

 1 # 使用cookie
 2 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i -b leancloud1.info https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 
 3 ## 或者
 4 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i -b leancloud3.info https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps
 5 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 6 Server: openresty
 7 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:53:29 GMT
 8 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8
 9 Transfer-Encoding: chunked
10 Connection: keep-alive
11 Vary: Accept-Encoding
12 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store
13 Pragma: no-cache
14 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000
15 
16 [{"app_domain":null,"description":null,"archive_status":0,"biz_type":"dev","master_key": ………………

 

复制浏览器的cookie访问

 1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190720]# curl -i -H 'cookie: _ga=GA1.2.2055706705.1560005524; …………' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps
 2 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 3 Server: openresty
 4 Date: Sat, 20 Jul 2019 08:11:37 GMT
 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8
 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked
 7 Connection: keep-alive
 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding
 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store
10 Pragma: no-cache
11 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000
12 
13 [{"app_domain":null,"description":null,"archive_status":0,"biz_type":"dev","master_key": ………………

由上可知curl登录成功。

 

推荐阅读

Linux curl 命令详解

Linux curl 常用示例

Linux curl 表单登录或提交与cookie使用

 


 

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posted on 2019-08-11 10:43  踏歌行666  阅读(3928)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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