Python发送邮件

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阅读目录

一、邮件发送示例

邮件发送示例

flask_email及smtplib原生邮件发送示例，适用于基于Flask框架开发，但是内部设置的定时任务发送邮件/或提供离线接口发送邮件操作

1.flask config配置

# QQ邮箱配置
MAIL_DEBUG = True  # 开启debug，便于调试看信息
MAIL_SUPPRESS_SEND = False  # 发送邮件，为True则不发送
MAIL_SERVER = 'smtp.qq.com'  # 邮箱服务器
MAIL_PORT = 465  # 端口
MAIL_USE_SSL = True  # 重要，qq邮箱需要使用SSL
MAIL_USE_TLS = False  # 不需要使用TLS
MAIL_USERNAME = '@qq.com'  # 填邮箱
MAIL_PASSWORD = ''  # 填授权码
FLASK_MAIL_SENDER = '@qq.com'  # 邮件发送方
FLASK_MAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX = ''  # 邮件标题
MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER = '@qq.com'  # 填邮箱，默认发送者

2.示例代码

import smtplib
import constant  # 定义常量文件
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

constant.SMTP_SERVER = 'smtp.qq.com'
constant.PORT = 465


class EmailSender(object):
    def __init__(self, subject, receivers, sender='ss@qq.com', password='123456', offline=False, html_body=None,
                 text_body=None, **kwargs):
        self.subject = subject
        self.receivers = receivers
        self.sender = sender
        self.password = password
        if offline:
            if html_body:
                self.send_body = html_body
                self._subtype = 'html'
            elif text_body:
                self.send_body = text_body
                self._subtype = 'plain'
            self.send_email_offline()
        else:
            from flask_mail import Mail
            self.mail = Mail()
            dic = dict(kwargs)
            self.send_email(html_body, text_body, attachments=dic.get("attachments"), sync=dic.get("sync"))

    def send_email_offline(self):
        try:
            message = MIMEText(self.send_body, self._subtype, 'utf-8')
            message['From'] = self.sender
            message['To'] = ','.join(self.receivers)
            message['Subject'] = Header(self.subject, 'utf-8')
            smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(constant.SMTP_SERVER, constant.PORT)
            smtpObj.login(self.sender, self.password)
            smtpObj.sendmail(
                self.sender, self.receivers, message.as_string())
            smtpObj.quit()
        except smtplib.SMTPException:
            return "smtp服务器发送异常 >> 无法发送邮件"
        except Exception as e:
            return f"邮件发送失败 >> {e}"

    def send_email(self, text_body, html_body, attachments=None, sync=False):
        from threading import Thread
        from flask import current_app
        from flask_mail import Message
        try:
            msg = Message(self.subject, recipients=self.receivers)
            msg.body = text_body
            msg.html = html_body
            if attachments:
                for attachment in attachments:
                    msg.attach(*attachment)
            if not sync:
                self.mail.send(msg)
            else:
                Thread(target=self.send_async_email, args=(current_app._get_current_object(), msg)).start()
        except Exception as e:
            return f"邮件发送失败 >> {e}"

    def send_async_email(self, app, msg):
        with app.app_context():
            try:
                self.mail.send(msg)
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"邮件发送错误信息:{e}")

3.使用

err = EmailSender(subject='吃货询问', receivers=["123@qq.com", "1234@qq.cn"], text_body='吃了没呀？',  offline=True)
if err:
    print(err)