属性复制神器-mapstruct
我们之前说到项目中会用到各种object,vo,bo,dto等等。我们需要在不同的对象上复制属性。
一、BeanUtils和PropertyUtils
我们最常用的就是Common包里面的BeanUtils,或者Spring里面的BeanUtils.
BeanUtils.copyProperties(dest, orig);
还有一个PropertyUtils
PropertyUtils.copyProperties(dest, orig);
它俩区别:
-
BeanUtils和PropertyUtils复制对象时,根据属性名进行复制。
-
如果属性名相同,但类型不同,BeanUtils会直接转换; 而PropertyUtils会直接抛出异常。
二、自己写转换Builder
上面的BeanUtils和PropertyUtils代码写起来很方便简洁,但是它的实现原理是基于反射,效率不是很高。如果是对服务响应要求很高的应用,用它们就不太合适。有一种方法,自己写转换关系,一个一个set。
public class PersonBuilder {
public static Person newPerson(Context context) {
Person person = new Person();
person.setDelRepeat(context.getDelRepeat());
person.setSendName(context.getSendName());
person.setSendType(context.getSendType());
person.setInputMdnList(context.getInputMdnList());
person.setSceneId(context.getSceneId());
person.setGroupIdList(context.getGroupIdList());
person.setContent(context.getContent());
person.setImportFile(context.getImportFile());
return person;
}
public static PersonVO newPersonVO(Context context) {
... ...
这种方法没有性能问题,但是效率不高,字段少的话工作量还行,如果字段很多,会写的很头疼
三、mapStruct
mapStruct的原理是基于第二种方法,但是它只用写一个接口和方法,会自动生成实现类,工作量和第一种相当,效率和第二种方法一样。
1、举个官方的例子
引入maven依赖包
...
<properties>
<org.mapstruct.version>1.4.0.Beta2</org.mapstruct.version>
</properties>
...
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
<artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
<version>${org.mapstruct.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
定义Car.java
public class Car {
private String make;
private int numberOfSeats;
private CarType type;
//constructor, getters, setters etc.
}
定义CarDto.java
public class CarDto {
private String make;
private int seatCount;
private String type;
//constructor, getters, setters etc.
}
定义mapper
@Mapper
public interface CarMapper {
CarMapper INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper( CarMapper.class );
@Mapping(source = "numberOfSeats", target = "seatCount")
CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);
}
使用mapper
@Test
public void shouldMapCarToDto() {
//given
Car car = new Car( "Morris", 5, CarType.SEDAN );
//when
CarDto carDto = CarMapper.INSTANCE.carToCarDto( car );
//then
assertThat( carDto ).isNotNull();
assertThat( carDto.getMake() ).isEqualTo( "Morris" );
assertThat( carDto.getSeatCount() ).isEqualTo( 5 );
assertThat( carDto.getType() ).isEqualTo( "SEDAN" );
}
2、更新
mapStruct还可以更新已有的bean
@Mapper
public interface CarMapper {
void updateCarFromDto(CarDto carDto, @MappingTarget Car car);
}
3、支持数据类型转换
比如int转String
@Mapper
public interface CarMapper {
@Mapping(source = "price", numberFormat = "$#.00")
CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);
@IterableMapping(numberFormat = "$#.00")
List<String> prices(List<Integer> prices);
}
4、支持map,set,list
public interface SourceTargetMapper {
@MapMapping(valueDateFormat = "dd.MM.yyyy")
Map<String, String> longDateMapToStringStringMap(Map<Long, Date> source);
}
@Mapper
public interface CarMapper {
Set<String> integerSetToStringSet(Set<Integer> integers);
List<CarDto> carsToCarDtos(List<Car> cars);
CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);
}
5、支持Stream
@Mapper
public interface CarMapper {
Set<String> integerStreamToStringSet(Stream<Integer> integers);
List<CarDto> carsToCarDtos(Stream<Car> cars);
CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);
}
6、自定义origin和dest的名称
@Mapper
public interface OrderMapper {
OrderMapper INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper( OrderMapper.class );
@ValueMappings({
@ValueMapping(source = "EXTRA", target = "SPECIAL"),
@ValueMapping(source = "STANDARD", target = "DEFAULT"),
@ValueMapping(source = "NORMAL", target = "DEFAULT")
})
ExternalOrderType orderTypeToExternalOrderType(OrderType orderType);
}
7、支持自定义的工厂模式生成bean
用这种方式就不会new,而是用工厂的createXXX方法
public class DtoFactory {
public CarDto createCarDto() {
return // ... custom factory logic
}
}
public class EntityFactory {
public <T extends BaseEntity> T createEntity(@TargetType Class<T> entityClass) {
return // ... custom factory logic
}
}
@Mapper(uses= { DtoFactory.class, EntityFactory.class } )
public interface CarMapper {
CarMapper INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper( CarMapper.class );
CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);
Car carDtoToCar(CarDto carDto);
}
8、其它
还有其它的高级功能,自行到官网探索
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