C# XML的序列化与反序列化

主要2种方式1.BinaryFormatter  2.XmlSerializer

创建对象

[Serializable] //如果要想保存某个class中的字段,必须在class前面加个这样attribute(C#里面用中括号括起来的标志符)
public class Person
{
    public int age;

    public string name;

    [NonSerialized] //如果某个字段不想被保存,则加个这样的标志

    public string secret;

}

1.BinaryFormatter （性能好）

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
       //序列化
        Person person = new Person();
        person.age = 18;
        person.name = "tom";
        person.secret = "i will not tell you";
        FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"c:\temp\person.dat", FileMode.Create);

        BinaryFormatter bFormat = newBinaryFormatter();
        bFormat.Serialize(stream, person);
        stream.Close();

        //反序列化
        Person person = new Person();
        FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"c:\temp\person.dat", FileMode.Open);

        BinaryFormatter bFormat = new BinaryFormatter();
        person = (Person)bFormat.Deserialize(stream);//反序列化得到的是一个object对象.必须做下类型转换
        stream.Close();
        Console.WriteLine(person.age + person.name + person.secret);//结果为18tom.因为secret没有有被序列化.

    }
}

2.XmlSerializer（常用）

//序列化
Person person = new Person();
person.age = 18;
person.name = "tom";
person.secret = "i will not tell you";
FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"c:\temp\xmlFormat.xml", FileMode.Create);

XmlSerializer xmlserilize = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Person));
xmlserilize.Serialize(stream, person);
stream.Close();

//反序列化
Person person = new Person();
FileStream stream =new FileStrea (@"c:\temp\xmlFormat.xml",FileMode.Open);

XmlSerializerxmlserilize = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Person));
person = (Person)xmlserilize.Deserialize(stream);
stream.Close();

Console.WriteLine(person.age + person.name + person.secret);

  /// <summary>
        /// 序列化object对象为XML字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">实体类或List集合类</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Serialize(object obj)
        {
            return Serialize(obj, false, true);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 序列化object对象为XML字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">实体类或List集合类</param>
        /// <param name="isOmitXmlDeclaration"><![CDATA[是否去除Xml声明<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>]]></param>
        /// <param name="isIndent">是否缩进显示</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Serialize(object obj, bool isOmitXmlDeclaration, bool isIndent)
        {
            try
            {
                string xmlString;
                XmlWriterSettings xmlWriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings();

                //去除xml声明
                //<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
                xmlWriterSettings.OmitXmlDeclaration = isOmitXmlDeclaration;
                //不换行不缩进
                xmlWriterSettings.Indent = isIndent;
                //默认为UTF8编码
                xmlWriterSettings.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;

                using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
                {
                    using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(memoryStream, xmlWriterSettings))
                    {
                        //去除默认命名空间xmlns:xsd和xmlns:xsi
                        XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
                        ns.Add("", "");

                        //序列化对象
                        XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
                        xmlSerializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, obj, ns);
                    }
                    xmlString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(memoryStream.ToArray());
                }
                return xmlString.TrimStart('?');
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
        }

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  /// <summary>
        /// XMLHelper
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Serialize<T>(T model) where T : class
        {
            string xml;
            using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                XmlSerializer xmlSer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                xmlSer.Serialize(ms, model);
                ms.Position = 0;
                StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(ms);
                xml = sr.ReadToEnd();
            }
            return xml;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 反序列化
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">实体</typeparam>
        /// <param name="strXml">xml文件</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static T Deserialize<T>(string strXml) where T : class
        {
            try
            {
                object obj;
                using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strXml)))
                {
                    using (XmlReader xmlReader = XmlReader.Create(memoryStream))
                    {
                        XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                        obj = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(xmlReader);
                    }
                }
                return obj as T;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 反序列化
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">实体</typeparam>
        /// <param name="stream">流文件</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static T Deserialize<T>(Stream stream) where T : class
        {
            try
            {
                object obj;
                XmlSerializer xmldes = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                obj = xmldes.Deserialize(stream);

                return obj as T;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
        }

 

总体思路：

序列化：

　　1.得到一个存储对象的类型

　　2.创建一个写入文件流

　　3.定义要序列化的类型

　　4.调用序列化方法

反序列化：

　　1.定义一个装载对象的类型

　　2.创建一个读出文件流

　　3.定义要反序列化的类型

　　4.调用反序列化方法